Recent advances in precision medicine for breast cancer have shown significant progress for each subtype, including HR+/HER2- and HER2-positive breast cancers. Immunotherapy has improved pathological complete response rates and survival for triple-negative breast cancer.
A new study reveals that turbulence-induced disturbances can trigger compressor stall precursors, and a large-eddy simulation method captures these dynamics. The researchers propose several indicators for assessing stability limits and emphasize the need for scale-resolving numerical methods to simulate complex flows.
Researchers developed a novel passive control method inspired by bird feathers, achieving minimal additional losses while maintaining induced vortex strength. The bio-inspired herringbone groove array delays airfoil stall by strengthening mixing between mainstream and boundary layer, enhancing energy resistance.
A research team has proposed a novel algorithmic framework that leverages multi-frame spatio-temporal features to track swarm UAVs in air-to-air scenarios. The method achieves state-of-the-art performance across several datasets and demonstrates its suitability for real-world drone swarms.
A team of researchers has made significant strides in solving one of hypersonic aerodynamics' most persistent puzzles - the unpredictable transition from smooth to turbulent airflow. They discovered two competing instability patterns that provide a possible explanation for the long-debated transition reversal phenomenon.
Researchers at Beihang University derived capture zones of pulsed and continuous guidance laws for both pursuer and evader, highlighting their differences and influence factors. The study provides a theoretical guideline for guidance law selection in various pursuit-evasion games.
A new dual diffusion framework, Para2Mesh, has been proposed to achieve direct prediction from design parameters to adaptive meshes aligned with the flow field. This approach overcomes the limitation of previous methods requiring posteriori solution information, enabling more efficient and accurate computational fluid dynamics simulati...
Materials and Solidification is an international journal focused on solidification theory, materials design, and processing technology. It aims to serve as a high-level academic platform for global researchers and engineers to drive innovations in solidification science and its industrial applications.
Researchers developed an efficient tribocatalytic recycling process to recover valuable materials from spent lithium-ion batteries, reducing environmental harm. The method achieves high recovery efficiency with milder reaction conditions, making it a promising alternative to conventional pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy.
Researchers have developed a new type of reversible proton ceramic cell that combines the advantages of metal-supported solid oxide cells and protonic ceramic cells. The cell features an engineered transition layer to mitigate thermal expansion mismatch, resulting in improved structural stability and electrochemical performance.
A new study challenges the traditional view of isosbetic behavior, revealing that intermediate compounds are involved in chemical transformations. The research uses a multi-step pathway model involving reaction intermediates to explain the observed isosbetic behavior.
A materials science team has cracked the challenge of lead-free antiferroelectric design by co-doping sodium niobate with variable-valence elements. The researchers achieved a reversible field-induced phase transition and an ultrahigh electro-strain, making it ideal for power-storage capacitors and precision actuators.
The team developed a novel composite material featuring platinum nanoparticles anchored on three-dimensional Na-Ti3C2Tx structures for highly efficient dopamine detection. The composite's larger active surface area enhances the stability of the structure and improves electron transfer, leading to excellent sensitivity and performance.
A research team fabricated high-performance flexible micro-supercapacitors using a novel MXene-hydroxylated nanocellulose-carbon nanotube composite ink system. The devices demonstrated outstanding performance stability and customizable energy storage modules for wearable microelectronic systems.
A research team led by Professor Jichuan Kang has elucidated the regulatory mechanism of AICAR biosynthesis in endophytic Fusarium solani. The study identifies PRPS2 as a key enzyme and transcription factor MtfA as a negative regulator of AICAR synthesis.
Researchers review classification, mechanisms of action and clinical application of bispecific antibodies in treating non-small cell lung cancer. Bispecific antibodies demonstrate improved anti-tumor efficacy and a safe profile for NSCLC patients resistant to targeted therapies or immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Recent CAR-T cell modification strategies have enhanced recognition, immunity stimulation, killing activity, and safety. The new designs counteract tumor immune escape and immunosuppressive microenvironments.
A team of material scientists has created a universal design principle for oxygen vacancy-engineered interfacial redox kinetics, enabling ultrasensitive and rapid VOCs detection at room temperature. The sensor demonstrates high response, fast response/recovery speed, excellent selectivity, low LOD, and enduring stability.
Researchers developed a novel photothermal functional scaffold composed of GO/SiOC/Si3N4, exhibiting excellent biocompatibility and photothermal properties. The scaffold demonstrated high compressive strength and successfully avoided high-temperature decomposition of GO.
Eighteen Tsinghua University Press journals ranked in the top quartile of their disciplines, with 13 achieving first rankings. The press launched SciOpen in 2022 to provide free access to its journals and meet research needs.
A new perovskite oxygen electrode exhibits significantly enhanced activity and durability for reversible protonic ceramic electrochemical cells through heterointerface engineering. The BCO-BFCZY heterointerface reduces polarization resistance and degradation, improving overall cell performance.
Researchers developed a reliable method to join B4C–TiB2 ceramics using spark plasma sintering with a Ti interlayer. The joining process was found to be temperature-dependent, resulting in a stable TiB2–TiC–TiB ceramic assemblage. The mechanical strength of the joint increased with temperature, up to 72 MPa at 1300°C.
A team of scientists developed a Cu+-doped glass scintillator with excellent thermal stability and efficient broadband blue-cyan emission. The material shows improved radiation stability, X-ray absorption capacity, and anti-thermal-quenching luminescence, surpassing most reported scintillator materials in X-ray imaging applications.
Twelve globally recognized English-language journals from AIMS are now accessible on SciOpen, a digital publishing platform. The partnership aims to boost global readership and increase visibility among potential readers and authors worldwide.
A research team developed an advanced adaptive aerodynamic model inspired by finite vortex theory to predict rotor performance in complex two-phase flow environments. The Finite Vortex Rotor Model (FVRM) incorporates water surface deformation and accounts for the complex feedback between rotor downwash and liquid response.
A new analytical criterion effectively compares the aerodynamic performance of different distributed ducted propeller configurations, revealing potential for similar total thrust despite varying numbers of rotors. This innovation enables optimization of complex eVTOL systems, reducing size and weight while maintaining comparable thrust.
A new hybrid Gravitational Search-Simulated Annealing algorithm optimizes helicopter main transmission systems, reducing vibration and achieving global optimal solutions. The approach balances multiple load cases, subjective and objective evaluation, and solving speed, showing promise for revolutionizing helicopter design.
Researchers propose integrated solution combining ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding, heat pipe grinding wheels, and minimum quantity lubrication to achieve high-efficiency precision machining with environmental sustainability. This process reduces grinding forces, minimizes thermal damage, and improves surface quality.
A study published in Chinese Journal of Aeronautics reveals that DSJ combines the stability of steady jets and efficiency of pulsed jets, providing better control effects under similar momentum coefficients. The unique quasi-steady characteristics of DSJ avoid large fluctuations in real-time aerodynamics.
The Dyson-Harrop CubeSat system harnesses high-density energy from the solar wind and offers a compact, modular solution for space-based clean energy. It generates approximately 1 kilowatt of power, more than ten times greater than similarly sized conventional solar panels.
The national carbon market in China integrates economic theory with international experience, covering sectoral coverage, cap setting, allowance allocation, and the MRV system. The market faces challenges including lack of an official phased development roadmap and effective market stability measures.
Researchers developed a non-destructive method for shaping advanced ceramics in the gel state, enabling slotting, drilling, and removing with micrometer-scale accuracy. The technique, called URM, uses high-frequency ultrasonic vibration to precisely modify the gel's structure, reducing surface roughness and avoiding machining damage.
Researchers have synthesized CrNbO4, a novel dual functional scale that protects refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) from oxidation and thermal attack. It exhibits low thermal conductivity and resistance to CMAS corrosion.
A new framework for urban rail transit incorporates underground energy storage systems to improve efficiency, reduce carbon emissions, and enhance resilience. The UESS-URTS system provides economic benefits by cutting energy costs and reducing fossil fuel consumption.
Researchers developed a compact diagnostic platform that can evaluate antibody protection against COVID-19 using only a single microliter of fingertip blood. The Tip Optofluidic Immunoassay (TOI) system delivers comprehensive immune profiles in just 40 minutes, enabling rapid and accurate assessment of individual immune protection.
Researchers develop Al-modified SiO2 coatings via co-electrodeposition, inhibiting cristobalite formation and improving high-temperature oxidation resistance. The coatings exhibit superior performance compared to conventional silicon-based coatings.
Researchers discovered ten new fungi species in the Xizang Autonomous Region, including one new genus and nine new species, highlighting the region's significant fungal diversity. The study addresses classification challenges and underscores the importance of continued exploration in this plateau region.
Scientists have created a novel environmental barrier coating (EBC) system using MoSi2/HfO2 duplex layers on SiC substrates, demonstrating effective protection against steam corrosion at 1500 °C for up to 200 hours. The tri-layered TGOs structure plays a key role in blocking channel cracks and promoting self-healing.
Researchers designed a biomimetic two-stage micro@nanomotor that can perform directional movement under NIR light and self-diffusiophoresis in weak acidic environments. The system consists of a large-sized micromotor and multiple small-sized nanomotors, enabling efficient cargo delivery and targeting cancer cells.
A new mixed-valence copper-based metal-organic framework, TJE-ttfp, achieves a Faradaic efficiency of 99.2% for converting CO2 into formic acid and methanol. The catalyst's adaptive electronic structure and stable structure during continuous operation enable high selectivity and energy efficiency.
A new non-hand-worn, load-free VR rehabilitation system has been developed using deep learning and ionic hydrogel technology, offering a more comfortable and accessible therapy solution for patients recovering from conditions like stroke and osteoarthritis. The system achieved an impressive 97.9% accuracy in recognizing hand gestures.
Researchers developed carbon dots from green tea extract that exhibit efficient UV emission, metal-free and quasi-zero-dimensional nanostructures. The CDs show aggregation-induced emission and strong inhibition of neuroblastoma cells with promising applications for sterilization, anti-counterfeiting, and forensic analysis.
The study focuses on reuse, recycling, and resource optimization to drive efficient and sustainable consumption. Circular economy principles reduce waste, maximize resource efficiency, and promote product longevity.
Researchers create freestanding few-layered borophanes and carborophanes using icosahedral B12 and CB11 as precursors, which appear to be semiconductors in nature. The materials are highly stable and can be extended into 3D structures, offering a general bottom-up strategy for forming low-dimensional boron-based nanomaterials.
A new study found that ferrocene conjugated glutathione consumption enhances ferroptosis therapy and chemotherapy, overcoming tumor resistance and improving therapeutic efficacy. The combined strategy uses dual mechanisms to reduce chemotherapy-induced resistance and induce cell death via apoptosis.
A study analyzing forestry records from 1974 to 2022 found that bark beetle-induced logging follows a distinct cycle aligned with solar activity, with lower solar activity leading to higher outbreaks. The North Atlantic Oscillation also impacts weather patterns, exacerbating beetle outbreaks during negative phases.
Researchers developed a highly active and selective electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction to CO, outperforming existing Fe-based catalysts. The hierarchical porous structure facilitated exposure of active sites and reduced valence state of Fe centers.
A team of lubrication scientists have successfully achieved macroscopic superlubricity by combining silver nanoparticles with hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets. The resulting friction coefficient is less than 0.01, enabling efficient and stable mechanical operation under near-zero wear conditions.
Researchers from Xiamen University have developed a novel high-temperature shock method to synthesize SACs, achieving copper loading of 0.54 wt%. The study introduces a rapid and effective energy input approach for atomicization synthesis, overcoming challenges in traditional pyrolysis methods.
Researchers developed a high-throughput screening method using density functional theory and machine learning to identify optimal single-atom catalysts (SACs) for eNRR. The approach significantly accelerated the discovery process, outperforming traditional trial-and-error methods.