Researchers at Tsinghua University Press have developed a novel molecular-scale strategy to create high-temperature EMW absorbing materials with temperature-insensitive permittivity. The multi-heterointerface lightweight ceramics demonstrate outstanding performance in absorbing EMW across a wide temperature range.
The study found that the vaccine effectively induces a rapid mucosal and systemic IgA response, but its protective effect against emerging variants like JN.1 appears short-lived. The results highlight the need for improved mucosal vaccine platforms capable of inducing durable immunity.
A novel heterojunction nanoparticle filler, TiO2@Zn/Co-ZIF, enhances the ionic conductivity and interfacial stability of PVDF-based composite solid-state electrolytes. The resulting electrolyte demonstrates exceptional performance in Li-ion batteries, including high conductivity and lithium-ion transference numbers.
Researchers from Hebei University of Engineering developed a novel strategy for Al2O3 ceramic toughening using TiC-coated SiCw core-shell structured whiskers, achieving remarkable fracture toughness. The unique core-shell architecture creates multiscale heterogeneity, generating intricate stress fields that activate multiple energy-dis...
The RS-TENG uses mechanical triggering switches to enhance instantaneous current pulses, significantly increasing power density and reducing response time. It has demonstrated the capability to power up to 413 commercial LEDs directly, highlighting its potential in practical applications.
The study reveals that the optimal penetration of grid-forming converters depends on a delicate balance between stability requirements and economic considerations. The researchers found that dynamically adjusting the share of GFMs strengthens system security while reducing total system costs.
Scientists discovered a molecular interplay between Shiraia fungus and its bacterial partners, where VOCs boost HA production by 3.86-fold. The bacteria counter-response with antioxidant carotenoids, creating a feedback loop.
Researchers summarize decades of work repositioning cachexia from a localized metabolic disturbance to a cancer-driven, multi-organ pathology. Key findings include the overactivation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and enhanced lipolysis mediated by two key lipases.
Researchers at Tsinghua University and other institutions have developed a breakthrough cold sintering process that uses water to densify water-insoluble Li2TiO3 ceramics at low temperatures. The process enables the production of nanoceramics with improved properties, including high hardness and electrical conductivity.
Researchers have developed glass-ceramic scintillators with high crystallinity and transmittance through in-situ crystallization, achieving superior light yield and detection limit. The results show a GC with 58% crystallinity and 90% transmittance at 542 nm.
Researchers have developed a novel catalytic system that enhances hydrogen oxidation reaction efficiency, paving the way for more efficient and durable anion exchange membrane fuel cells. The system balances hydrogen adsorption binding energy and hydroxyl adsorption energy, improving overall efficiency.
A novel strategy for modulating crystalline-amorphous composites and electronic structures has been developed to enhance the hydrogen evolution reaction. The NiMo-NiMoO x electrocatalyst exhibits remarkable HER catalytic properties and durability, requiring a low overpotential of 30 mV at high current density.
The DFUN-KDF framework uses federated knowledge distillation to enable UAVs to extract information from embedded data and update their local models, reducing energy consumption and improving adaptability. The framework's filtering mechanism eliminates biased embeddings, ensuring the stability and reliability of the system.
Researchers have designed a novel soft/hard magnetic heterostructure anchored on 2D carbon nanosheets, which exhibits wide electromagnetic absorption bands and excellent corrosion resistance. The synthesized composite film effectively shields 5G signals and displays great potential for stealth coatings.
Amorphous nanomaterials show high density of catalytic sites, tunable electronic structures, and enhanced light absorption. These properties enable unprecedented efficiency in applications like hydrogen evolution, carbon dioxide reduction, and pollutant degradation.
Researchers developed a PtCu cluster catalyst that exhibits improved propylene yield and stability through regenerative treatment. The optimized catalyst features a unique surface structure, which enables efficient C-H bond activation and minimizes deep dehydrogenation.
Researchers developed single-atom cobalt catalysts on defective carbon nanosheets, enhancing their oxidase-like performance. The defects were found to regulate electronic distribution, improving the cleavage of oxygen-oxygen bonds and promoting catalytic activity.
A new CAR-T cell treatment using HAase-loaded nanogels has been developed to improve the effectiveness of cancer therapy against solid tumors. The treatment works by degrading the extracellular matrix, allowing CAR-T cells to infiltrate and attack tumor cells more effectively.
Researchers have developed a miniaturized NIR computational spectrometer using PbS quantum dots, achieving spectral resolution of 1.5 nm. The study demonstrates the importance of size distribution and absorption peak precision in enhancing spectrometer performance.
Twenty-four young investigators were selected for their contributions in nanomaterial self-assembly, with a focus on synthesis, characterization, and applications. The NR45 Awards aim to recognize and support innovative research in this field.
Researchers developed stearic acid-modified hexavanadate vesicles loaded with palmitic acid hydroxystearic acids (PAHSA) to target insulin resistance and inflammation in obesity. The nanocarrier enhances therapeutic efficacy by stabilizing fragile bioactive compounds and enabling tissue-specific delivery.
Researchers have created molecular clusters featuring a Keggin-type PM4Mo8 (Co, Ni) motif, which display enhanced electrochemical performance due to the incorporation of V atoms. These clusters also show promising photothermal conversion capabilities under visible light irradiation.
Researchers from Tsinghua University Press have discovered three novel bianthrones with significant cytotoxic activity against tumor cell lines. The compounds were isolated using HSQC-based DeepSAT technology, and their mechanisms of action were investigated through network pharmacology and molecular docking.
This study reveals the critical roles of Rho GTPases Cdc42 and RacA in Aspergillus flavus growth, development, and metabolism. The proteins regulate aflatoxin synthesis, pathogenicity, and oxidative balance by controlling morphogenesis, energy metabolism, and fatty acid β-oxidation.
A study assessing twelve DNA methylation signatures of aging found that GrimAge2 is robustly and independently associated with all-cause mortality, surpassing other DNAm signatures and chronological age. The findings suggest GrimAge2 as a promising tool for assessing mortality risk and evaluating healthy aging interventions.
Incremental Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion (INDI) offers a flexible, sensor-driven control approach for novel aircraft configurations. Its ability to adapt to changing dynamics and uncertainties in real time enables stable and reliable control even under challenging conditions.
Researchers investigated symbiotic (SNF) and asymbiotic (ANF) nitrogen fixation in subtropical forests, finding distinct environmental controls. SNF rates declined with increasing altitude, while ANF rates showed a hump-shaped pattern, influenced by soil properties at lower altitudes and climatic factors at higher altitudes.
Researchers identified four distinct DDT initiation pathways and the essential characteristics of the DDT process. The team's experiments revealed that energy focusing creates a local hot spot, which then transitions into a detonation wave.
Researchers developed CL-RaA*, a novel path planning algorithm for fixed-wing UAVs, ensuring safe and efficient navigation in complex environments. The algorithm outperforms existing methods in terms of search speed and feasible path length.
A new framework, FlowViT-Diff, uses transformer-guided diffusion models to reconstruct high-resolution flow fields from low-resolution data. The method achieves superior accuracy and robustness compared to classical methods.
A new method for rapid generation of aircraft concept solutions based on generative artificial intelligence has been proposed, demonstrating the application potential of large language models in aircraft conceptual design. The method improved efficiency and innovation in the conceptual stage.
Researchers developed a high-fidelity FSI model to predict impact loads under wave conditions, revealing pivotal mechanisms for airbag-cushioned reentry capsule design. The study provides a scientific foundation for optimizing spacecraft recovery and establishing technical cornerstones for future crewed missions.
Researchers develop a new framework that optimizes urban drone logistics networks for cost, safety, and noise. The method uses a dual-population co-evolutionary algorithm to balance competing objectives and reduce noise exposure in sensitive areas.
Researchers developed a Stability-enhanced VPM that addresses numerical stability issues, enabling accurate simulations of complex flows. The method demonstrates improved stability and accuracy in simulating high Reynolds number flows and shear turbulence.
Researchers developed an innovative NES-AVS device with real-time stiffness adaptation, achieving 84% reduction in flexible rod tip displacement. The composite controller ensures robust detumbling control and high efficiency during detumbling processes.
A team of researchers has introduced an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) into the SRV-aided CP network and designed a locally-centralized CP method based on clustering optimization strategy. The proposed strategy fully integrates the positioning resources of the entire network, aiming to improve the CP performance of SRV-aided networks. S...
The team introduces medium-entropy ceramics with a lower synthesis temperature while preserving high Q×f values, leading to enhanced overall performance. The B-site bonding energy is improved, resulting in near-zero τf, and the conductivity is attributed to oxygen vacancy diffusion.
Researchers have developed a reflective sapphire@PiGF@alumina color converter that achieves an ultra-high luminous flux of 6749lm. The converter uses double-sided heat dissipation channels and high-heat-conducting sapphire to reduce working temperature and thermal quenching, increasing the effective radiation flux.
High-mechanical-strength NaX zeolite microspheres with excellent radiation resistance were synthesized through geopolymer in-situ conversion. The material exhibits exceptional adsorption performance for Cs+ and Sr2+, reaching equilibrium at 45/30 min with maximum saturated adsorption capacities 138.30 and 153.60 mg·g−1, respectively.
Recent advances in precision medicine for breast cancer have shown significant progress for each subtype, including HR+/HER2- and HER2-positive breast cancers. Immunotherapy has improved pathological complete response rates and survival for triple-negative breast cancer.
A new study reveals that turbulence-induced disturbances can trigger compressor stall precursors, and a large-eddy simulation method captures these dynamics. The researchers propose several indicators for assessing stability limits and emphasize the need for scale-resolving numerical methods to simulate complex flows.
Researchers developed a novel passive control method inspired by bird feathers, achieving minimal additional losses while maintaining induced vortex strength. The bio-inspired herringbone groove array delays airfoil stall by strengthening mixing between mainstream and boundary layer, enhancing energy resistance.
A research team has proposed a novel algorithmic framework that leverages multi-frame spatio-temporal features to track swarm UAVs in air-to-air scenarios. The method achieves state-of-the-art performance across several datasets and demonstrates its suitability for real-world drone swarms.
A team of researchers has made significant strides in solving one of hypersonic aerodynamics' most persistent puzzles - the unpredictable transition from smooth to turbulent airflow. They discovered two competing instability patterns that provide a possible explanation for the long-debated transition reversal phenomenon.
Researchers at Beihang University derived capture zones of pulsed and continuous guidance laws for both pursuer and evader, highlighting their differences and influence factors. The study provides a theoretical guideline for guidance law selection in various pursuit-evasion games.
A new dual diffusion framework, Para2Mesh, has been proposed to achieve direct prediction from design parameters to adaptive meshes aligned with the flow field. This approach overcomes the limitation of previous methods requiring posteriori solution information, enabling more efficient and accurate computational fluid dynamics simulati...
Materials and Solidification is an international journal focused on solidification theory, materials design, and processing technology. It aims to serve as a high-level academic platform for global researchers and engineers to drive innovations in solidification science and its industrial applications.
Researchers developed an efficient tribocatalytic recycling process to recover valuable materials from spent lithium-ion batteries, reducing environmental harm. The method achieves high recovery efficiency with milder reaction conditions, making it a promising alternative to conventional pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy.
Researchers have developed a new type of reversible proton ceramic cell that combines the advantages of metal-supported solid oxide cells and protonic ceramic cells. The cell features an engineered transition layer to mitigate thermal expansion mismatch, resulting in improved structural stability and electrochemical performance.
A new study challenges the traditional view of isosbetic behavior, revealing that intermediate compounds are involved in chemical transformations. The research uses a multi-step pathway model involving reaction intermediates to explain the observed isosbetic behavior.