Anode degradation in PEM water electrolyzers arises from chemical, electrochemical, mechanical, and impurity-driven processes. Advanced diagnostics and mechanism-informed lifetime models are needed to develop durable and cost-effective systems.
Researchers discovered that SIRT3 deficiency intensifies eustachian tube dysfunction in mice, leading to thicker mucus, weakened cilia, and impaired tube opening. SIRT3 plays a protective role in maintaining mucociliary transport capacity and pressure-regulation mechanisms.
A new multi-modal AI framework, DriveMLM, integrates perception, planning, and human instruction to produce aligned behavioral planning states for autonomous driving. It outperforms existing systems in closed-loop evaluation, demonstrating strong open-loop decision accuracy and robust performance under natural-language guidance.
Researchers introduce a new method to measure middle ear transfer function more accurately, eliminating inner ear impedance effects and capturing complex stapes motion. This approach provides a reliable framework for future middle ear implant research and improves the understanding of human hearing mechanisms.
Ocean is an international, peer-reviewed open-access journal dedicated to advancing research in ocean science, technology, and engineering. The journal aims to foster interdisciplinary collaboration and solve pressing challenges in ocean science and technology.
The Minimum Information about Organoid Research (MIOR) framework introduces a structured reporting standard for organoids, ensuring reproducibility and interoperability. The six-module framework outlines essential descriptors for reporting organoid research, supporting translational use in drug screening and precision medicine.
Researchers have developed phytochemical-engineered vesicles that combine Ginsenoside Rg1 priming with nanoscale engineering, offering a scalable and innovative strategy for mitigating myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. These nanovesicles demonstrated dual efficacy in scavenging mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and repairing ...
A new synthesis method allows for the scalable direct synthesis of short-wavelength infrared PbS quantum dot inks, yielding over 10 grams of QD solids per batch. The results achieve a power conversion efficiency of nearly 9% in solar cells fabricated using the inks.
Researchers have developed a compact device that can detect light intensity, wavelength, and polarization, addressing a critical bottleneck in optoelectronics. The perovskite-based photodetector enables precise control over polarization states through pulsed-voltage-driven ion migration.
Researchers examined single event effects in carbon nanotube devices and found they exhibited outstanding radiation tolerance, outperforming silicon-based devices. The study suggests that CNTs can serve as an excellent radiation-hard technology for future electronic applications.
Researchers develop a technology to boost natural photosynthesis efficiency by combining Ru-Oxo clusters with g-C3N4 nanosheets, leading to improved crop yields. The system promotes plant growth by up to 36% and improves sunlight utilization, paving the way for sustainable agricultural technologies.
Researchers developed a Mo-MXene/MoO2-N/Ce composite system to regulate dielectric polarization response. The system achieves precise regulation of dielectric loss, with optimal reflection loss reaching -57.46 dB at 13.43 GHz and 4.685 mm thickness.
Researchers have developed a new class of ultrafast nanomotors powered by near-infrared (NIR) light, capable of reaching velocities up to 100 body lengths per second. The hybrid nanomotors operate through a simple photothermal mechanism and demonstrate precise nanoscale transport without the need for chemical fuels.
Researchers developed a new oral taste-masking agent using mesoporous molecular sieves, which successfully masked the bitter taste of cetirizine and achieved high drug loading rates. The agent showed significant shielding effects and is expected to become a high-efficiency taste masking agent for improved oral administration.
The study applies causal machine learning to estimate context-specific effects of wind and solar generation on UK day-ahead and intraday electricity prices. The analysis reveals non-linear price effects that vary with renewable penetration levels.
Researchers have successfully synthesized a novel cathode material SNFO, demonstrating high electrocatalytic activity and stability. Nd doping enhances oxygen vacancy formation, increasing oxygen adsorption capacity and overall performance.
Researchers have reviewed ceramic-based electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials to optimize their electrical conductivity and microstructural design. The team emphasizes the need for comprehensive evaluation of synergistic interactions among electrical conductivity, dielectric properties, and microstructural characterist...
Researchers at Tsinghua University Press have created a novel process to manufacture low-cost carbon fibers using liquefied coal and waste plastics, reducing environmental pollution and economic costs. The new method produces general-purpose and high-performance carbon fibers with exceptional strength and durability.
Researchers from Tsinghua University and Jilin University developed a new way to make deep-blue OLED devices more efficient without compromising on color quality. They introduced a simple yet powerful molecular adjustment that could help shape the future of high-end display technologies.
Researchers tracked pine plantations in North Florida for 27 years to identify site preparation strategies with sustained benefits. Two-pass treatments consistently outperformed simpler methods, especially when combined with herbicide applications.
Researchers developed a new model to simulate and project China's agricultural non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions, identifying priority regions and subsectors for mitigation. The study found that current mitigation efforts achieve only 26-45% of the total technical potential, with significant room for improvement.
A major new synthesis of global evidence reveals that restoring forests can actually increase water availability, particularly during critical dry seasons. The research highlights the importance of prioritizing dry-season flow recovery in large-scale forest landscape restoration.
The study proposes a novel concept for grid-forming control that reduces system dynamics and interactions, enhancing safety. The proposed strategy transforms the power system into a static system with reduced frequency and synchronization dynamics.
A novel method enhances deep reinforcement learning for autonomous UAV navigation by regulating exploration noise on a global level and considering specific situations during navigation tasks. The approach achieves superior decision-making in complex environments and balances danger, smoothness, and efficiency.
A new approach enables simultaneous synthesis of SiC and Si3N4 powders with improved quality and reduced diluent usage. High-purity powders are achieved through optimized temperature field regulation and CO concentration control. The method paves the way for large-scale, low-cost manufacturing of high-performance Si-based ceramics.
A novel risk model has been developed to predict postoperative infections in transplant recipients, incorporating lifestyle and psychological variables. The model identified several novel risk factors, including regular tea consumption and higher guilt scores.
Researchers developed glass network-engineered Ba2Sc2B4O11:Ce3+ glass ceramics that exhibit high PLQY and stability. These GCs emit yellow light centered at 540 nm under violet excitation, meeting full-spectrum lighting requirements.
Researchers at Shandong University and Zhengzhou University introduce a new design principle for ultra-high-performance ceramics by incorporating nitrogen into (Ti, Zr)C carbide ceramic. This reduces stacking fault energy, unlocking a previously suppressed toughening mechanism that significantly improves both hardness and toughness.
Researchers have developed a groundbreaking Ni-POM@CdS catalyst that efficiently degrades plastic waste and produces hydrogen, a clean energy source. The catalyst's 'electron sponge' effect improves separation and migration efficiency of photogenerated carriers, increasing surface hole concentration and promoting H2 production.
Researchers developed a comb-like crosslinked polymer-polyoxometalate nanocomposite for enhanced proton conduction and mechanical robustness. The material achieves unparalleled performance, with proton conductivity up to 8.5 × 10^−4 S·cm−1 at 130 °C.
Researchers synthesized rare-earth MOFs with chiral imidazolium carboxylic ligands, achieving significant circularly polarized luminescence activity. The incorporation of luminescent MnCl4-2- anions as guests further enhanced CPL performance.
A novel POM-based nanoreactor with oxidase-like activity is developed for dual-mode biomarker detection and effective antibacterial treatment. The nanoreactor exhibits high accuracy in human serum samples, achieves low detection limits, and shows robust antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus.
A novel high-entropy alloy nanozyme has been developed to treat tendinopathy by clearing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and restoring mitochondrial autophagy. The nanozyme, PtIrRuRhCu HEANZs, exhibits excellent biocompatibility and multiple enzyme-like antioxidant activities.
The traditional Chinese medicine constitution theory is a crucial basis for developing and applying food and medicine homology products. By understanding an individual's body constitution, researchers can develop personalized FMH products to prevent diseases.
URNet transforms rapid event signals into accurate depth maps using local-global refinement and uncertainty-aware learning. The system produces confident predictions and adjusts response in low-confidence situations, enhancing robustness and trustworthiness in real-world conditions.
A novel SiC aerogel material has been developed, combining exceptional mechanical strength, electromagnetic wave absorption, and high thermal insulation performance. It can also rapidly adsorb pollutants from water surfaces, showing promise for use in thermal protection systems and environmental remediation.
The study found that adding cobalt to high-entropy carbides enhances electromagnetic wave absorption by increasing lattice defects and heterojunction interfaces. The (Hf0.215Zr0.215Nb0.215Ta0.215Co0.140)C ceramic exhibited excellent reflection loss of -37.95 dB at 14.01 GHz with a thickness of 3.10 mm.
CHIKVdb integrates globally sourced sequences with standardized metadata, offering tools for source tracing, SNP analysis, and genotype identification. Key findings reveal dominant host distribution and spatiotemporal heterogeneity in CHIKV spread.
Researchers designed a reconstituted biosynthetic gene cluster for producing structurally diversified deacetylated pyripyropenes in Aspergillus nidulans. Five novel pyripyropenes were isolated and identified, exhibiting potent aphicidal activity and significant potential for developing next-generation insecticides.
The research emphasizes the importance of coordinating China's multi-level carbon markets in the context of global carbon pricing. Local pilot markets are seen as experimental fields for innovation, covering small enterprises and promoting regulatory experimentation.
Researchers developed a multiphysics model that couples electrochemical and mechanical dynamics in all-solid-state batteries. The model enhances interfacial stability and lithiation kinetics by regulating electrochemical potential gradients.
Researchers have developed a novel electrolyte design for potassium-ion batteries using fluorinated triethyl phosphate, enabling fire-retardant and high-performance electrodes. The electrolyte supports reversible potassium storage in graphite anodes and addresses key barriers in PIB commercialization.
Researchers analyze the 'dead Mn' dilemma in MnO2 chemistry, proposing strategies to enhance electrochemical reversibility and cycling stability. Mitigation approaches include optimizing deposition conditions, regulating proton supply, and reactivating inactive species using redox mediators.
The SRI model integrates swarm dynamics with dynamic graph neural networks, resolving existing method pitfalls. It demonstrates significant performance improvements over traditional methods, with reduced long-term prediction errors.
Scientists discovered that tree species respond differently to slope, bench, or valley in temperate forests, with some species storing more carbon on slopes than others. The study found that valleys tend to have higher biomass of yellow-poplar and American beech, while slopes support southern shagbark hickory growth.
Researchers developed a bilayer-structured apatite layer that significantly improves the durability of thermal barrier coatings against calcium-magnesium-alumina-silicate (CMAS) corrosion. The layer, composed of an acicular upper layer and a compact lower layer, shows excellent resistance to CMAS wetting and infiltration.
Spatial metabolomics elucidates three-dimensional distribution maps of bioactive components across tissue regions of medicinal plants. It unravels spatiotemporal trajectories of multi-components, metabolic interactions in intestinal microdomains, and guides geo-authentic evaluation of medicinal materials.
Researchers propose a lightweight solution to detect GPS spoofing attacks on drones using trajectory anomaly detection. The MSSTP-OAD system achieves high accuracy and reduces false positives, enabling efficient navigation and improved safety.
A survey of covert UAV communications explores emerging methods and technologies for secure transmission in UAV-assisted networks. Uncertainties can enhance covertness, and techniques like multiple antennas and artificial intelligence improve communication performance.
Researchers use AI, nanotechnology, and interdisciplinary research to design and optimize antimicrobial peptides with enhanced efficacy and safety. These breakthroughs offer new hope in the fight against drug-resistant infections.