First database on the Imjin War launched
The AFTERMATH database explores the aftermath of the Imjin War, which lasted six years and involved over 500,000 combatants, affecting East Asia's modern history and culture.
Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona
Biochemical alterations revealed in patients with Lesch-Nyhan disease
Researchers have discovered biochemical alterations in skin cells, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Lesch-Nyhan disease. High levels of folic acid reversed these alterations in cell cultures, suggesting a possible treatment strategy.
SourceUniversitat Autonoma de Barcelona·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJun 4, 2020
Environmental justice defenders victims of violence and murder
A study analyzing 2,743 global environmental conflicts found that activists are often victims of criminalization, physical violence, and murder, with indigenous peoples disproportionately affected. Successful mobilizations can halt environmentally destructive projects, with a success rate of up to 27% when combining strategies.
Nanoneedles to increase the capacity and robustness of digital memories
A team of scientists has created a technique using nanoneedles to modify the properties of iron-rhodium alloy, allowing for the creation of antiferromagnetic nano-islands embedded in ferromagnetic matrices. This breakthrough enables the miniaturization of magnetic devices and facilitates the manufacture of more robust and secure memories.
Technological changes and new low-carbon lifestyles, key to mitigating climate change
A conference of over 400 scientists highlights the need for transformative change in energy systems and lifestyles to combat climate change. They emphasize the importance of framing sustainability as a shared goal that benefits health and the environment, rather than just addressing climate change alone.
Exploring climate change impacts through popular proverbs
Researchers used popular proverbs to study climate change impacts on precipitation, snow cover, and flowering periods in Sierra Nevada. Many proverbs were found to be inaccurate due to changes in climate conditions, but they also provided novel information on scientifically undocumented climate change impacts.
Significant differences exist among neurons expressing dopamine receptors
Researchers identified novel region-specific molecular markers for targeting specific subpopulations of dopamine D2 receptor neurons in the striatum, revealing functional specificity among these neuron populations. The study found that D2 neurons in different areas of the brain express distinct proteins and exhibit altered functions.
Economic growth is incompatible with biodiversity conservation
The article concludes that economic growth is not compatible with biodiversity conservation and proposes seven alternative proposals to ensure prosperity beyond growth. The studies outlines actions such as limiting commercialization of resources, restricting extractive industries, and promoting agro-ecological development.
New therapeutic strategy against diabetes
Maintaining vitamin D receptor levels in pancreatic cells may protect against diabetes development and counteract cell damage. Researchers found that sustained VDR expression preserves β-cell mass and function, reducing inflammation and hyperglycemia.
Intensive management of crops and livestock spurred La Bastida's economic development
A recent study published in PLOS ONE reveals that the people of La Bastida employed an intensive agricultural strategy, combining crops with animal husbandry to boost their food production and economic prosperity. This approach allowed them to feed a large population, increasing their productivity compared to other nearby communities.
Power struggles hinder urban adaptation policies to climate change
A study analyzing Barcelona's 'Superblocks' program reveals how political struggles for municipal power hindered its implementation. The program aimed to reduce car traffic and emissions, but resistance from local forces and public participation issues threatened its success.
Red coral effectively recovers in Mediterranean protected areas
In Mediterranean Protected Areas, red coral colonies (Corallium rubrum) have recovered partially, with health levels comparable to those of the 1980s. The study highlights the effectiveness of marine protections and underscores the need for urgent protection measures in Mediterranean biodiversity hotspots.
Researchers identify mechanism that triggers a rare type of muscular dystrophy
A research team has identified a mechanism that triggers a rare type of muscular dystrophy, Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) 1G. The study reveals that a specific protein isoform with two domains is prone to forming toxic aggregates, while another isoform with three domains can prevent aggregation through phase separation.
Immune system cells contribute to the invading capacity of brain tumors
Immune cells facilitate glioblastoma growth by clearing necrotic areas while ignoring tumour cells. Researchers aim to train microglia and macrophages for tumour elimination through immunotherapy or other strategies.
Sub-national 'climate clubs' could offer key to combating climate change
Researchers propose sub-national climate clubs as an alternative to the UNFCCC, which has faced logistical limitations and voluntary action issues. The 'climate club' model offers exclusive trade benefits and penalties on imports from non-members to encourage participation.
Generation and manipulation of spin currents for advanced electronic devices
Scientists have successfully generated and manipulated spin currents in graphene, a unique material for long-distance spin transport. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize the development of efficient and versatile spin-based technologies.
A response key for survival of Mycoplasma genitalium in the urogenital tract uncovered
A study by the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona has identified the regulation and metal uptake systems of Mycoplasma genitalium, a sexually transmitted pathogen responsible for genitourinary diseases. The discovery reveals strategies that bacteria use to acquire essential metals for survival, making them a promising therapeutic target.
Artificial 'inclusion bodies' created for controlled drug release
Scientists at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona have developed artificial protein granules that can sustainably release therapeutic proteins in lab animals. These 'artificial inclusion bodies' mimic natural bacterial structures and hold great potential for vaccines and controlled-release drug delivery systems.
New antitumoral drug release strategy created for breast cancer treatment
Researchers have developed a novel approach to treat breast cancer by harnessing the power of bacterial proteins to deliver targeted therapies. The new strategy involves the use of non-toxic bacterial amyloids as reservoirs for antitumoral proteins, leading to a sustained release and increased efficacy.
Researchers develop a database to aid in identifying key genes for bacterial infections
The BacFITBase database identifies key genes for host cell invasion and infection, aiding in the development of new antibiotics. The database contains over 90,000 entries with information on specific pathogenic bacterial genes and their contribution to infectious conditions in five different host species.
New assessment finds EU electricity decarbonization discourse in need of overhaul
A new study challenges the EU's approach to decarbonizing its economy, arguing that it overlooks the importance of functional societal change. The researchers propose a new methodological approach to analyze complex issues like electricity decarbonization, highlighting the need for policies that motivate use changes.
Alpine rock axeheads became social and economic exchange fetishes in the Neolithic
Research led by the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona found that Alpine rock axeheads were a crucial component of pan-European exchange networks, with some rocks traveling over 1000 kilometres. The study's results suggest that the rocks' exceptional durability and resistance to friction made them highly valued for their production value.
SourceUniversitat Autonoma de Barcelona·JournalJournal of Archaeological Method and Theory·DateNov 14, 2019
Wildlife in Catalonia carry bacteria resistant to antimicrobials used in human health
A recent study found high prevalence and diversity of antibiotic-resistant genes in wildlife enteric bacteria from Catalonia. The study highlights the risk of human exposure to these resistant traits through wildlife.
A new quantum data classification protocol brings us nearer to a future 'quantum internet'
Researchers at Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona developed an optimal procedure to identify clusters of identically prepared quantum systems, solving the challenge of sorting quantum data. The new protocol outperforms classical strategies, particularly for large dimensional data.
Iron availability in seawater, key to explaining the amount and distribution of fish
Researchers found that iron-poor environments limit fish populations worldwide, including areas with no fishing activity. The study highlights the crucial role of iron in marine animal ecology and suggests a new perspective on fish life cycles.
Successful biological decontamination of an aquifer
A team of researchers from the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona achieved biological decontamination of an aquifer contaminated with organochlorine compounds, including perchloroethylene. The study used biostimulation of organohalide-respiring bacteria to transform the toxic compound into non-toxic ethene.
Tailings dumped into Portmán Bay continue to release metals into the sea 25 years later
Researchers at ICTA-UAB found that 10% of metals enter the sea through underground discharges, while recirculation transports the rest. Groundwater and sediments are more contaminated by metals than surface marine waters.
SourceUniversitat Autonoma de Barcelona·JournalThe Science of The Total Environment·DateOct 16, 2019
Big data reveals extraordinary unity underlying life's diversity
A new study using big data reveals that many fundamental features of life, such as metabolism and growth, follow consistent relationships with body size across all creatures. This challenges the Metabolic Theory of Ecology and suggests a deep understanding of universal laws governing life's diversity.
SourceUniversitat Autonoma de Barcelona·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateOct 7, 2019
High lead concentrations in amazonian wildlife
A study has found high concentrations of lead in the livers of Amazonian wildlife, with 91% of analyzed samples exceeding suitable levels for human consumption. Lead contamination is linked to oil extraction and the use of lead-based ammunition, posing a significant health risk to local indigenous populations.
Earthquakes, hurricanes and other natural disasters obey same mathematical pattern
Researchers have discovered that natural disasters like earthquakes and hurricanes follow a power law distribution, where smaller events occur more frequently. However, some events like forest fires deviate from this pattern and follow a lognormal distribution, contradicting previous studies.
Unravelling the 3-dimensional genomic structure of male germ cells
A study reveals the three-dimensional genomic structure of male germ cells, showing a fine-tuned balance between chromatin remodelling and architectural proteins. This structure determines gene expression in these cells, which are essential for reproduction.
Joint hypermobility related to anxiety, also in animals
A team of researchers found an association between hip joint hypermobility and behavioral alterations in dogs, which may suggest a universal trait among mammals. The study suggests that joint hypermobility could be linked to anxiety disorders in animals, mirroring findings in humans.
New study dismisses green growth policies as a route out of ecological emergency
Researchers dismiss green growth policies due to limited emissions reductions under optimistic conditions. Degrowth strategies are necessary to achieve safe thresholds, with global GDP growth slowing to less than 0.5% required for 1.5C targets.
New mathematical model could be key to designing effective therapies for brain disorders
A new mathematical model could be key to designing effective therapies for brain disorders by quantifying the bias of biological signals through G-protein-coupled receptors. The model enables the discovery and development of drugs that are agonist, neutral antagonist, and inverse antagonist.
Probability of catastrophic geomagnetic storm lower than estimated
A new mathematical model predicts a potentially catastrophic geomagnetic storm has only a 0.46-1.88% chance in the next decade, significantly lower than previous estimates. The researchers used historical data and measured solar surface perturbations to make their calculation.
Sensory stimuli improves brain damage in mouse models of preterm birth
A new study by Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona researchers shows that tactile and proprioceptive stimulation can improve the effects of perinatal hypoxic and ischemic brain injuries throughout life. In particular, male mice benefited from sensory stimulation with reduced neurological damage and improved functional capacities.
A new technique allows researchers to focus the action of drugs via infrared light
Researchers develop photoswitchable molecules that can be activated by pulsed infrared light, allowing for precise control over molecular activity. The technique achieves 100% efficiency and opens doors to applications in drug delivery and studying neuronal circuits.
Ability to control stress reduces negative impact
Researchers found that controlled stress in adolescence attenuates HPA axis activation in adulthood, reducing motor impulsivity and increasing dopamine type 2 receptors. Uncontrollable stress, however, increases impulsivity and cognitive inflexibility.
Indigenous knowledge, key to a successful ecosystem restoration
A recent study highlights the crucial role of indigenous knowledge in restoring degraded ecosystems. Indigenous communities have contributed significantly to ecological restoration through traditional practices such as anthropogenic burning and rotational swidden cultivation systems, resulting in highly biodiverse ecosystems.
Over 800 new genome regions possibly relevant to human evolution identified
A study by Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona identifies 873 new regions of the human genome as candidates for natural selection, increasing the total number of detected signals to date. These new regions provide valuable data to help answer questions about human origins and adaptations.
A topological approach to the next generation of electronic, photonic and phononic devices
The TOCHA project aims to develop novel topological photonic/phononic waveguides and heterostructures to enhance information transfer and metrology. It will advance the handling and transport of quantum information with enhanced precision demands.
Future changes in human well-being to depend more on social factors than economic factors
A new study projects that global well-being will depend more on social factors than economic ones in the next three decades. The researchers used a mathematical approach to project the subjective well-being of the world's population, taking into account dimensions such as freedom, corruption, generosity, and social support.
New drug resistance process found in bacteria
Researchers identified a new process capable of generating antibiotic resistance in bacteria up to 600 million years ago. The discovery highlights the need for combined multidrug treatments and reduced agricultural use of antibacterials.
Neuroimaging shows social exclusion spurs extremism in those vulnerable to radicalization
A study using neuroimaging found that social exclusion strengthens willingness to defend non-sacred values, making them more radicalized. The neural activity associated with sacred values was also increased, suggesting a process of sacralization. These findings have implications for understanding and addressing extremism.
Scientists confirm that chromosomes are formed by stacked layers
Researchers at Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona have confirmed a surprising structure of chromosome DNA using cryo-electron microscopy. The study shows that chromatin forms multilaminar plates in mitotic chromosomes, providing insight into the compact and protected structure of genomic DNA during cell division.
Gene identified with a key role in plant adaptation to fluctuating soil salinity levels
Scientists discovered modifications in a sodium transporter gene, HKT1;1, which enable plants to adapt to varying soil salinity. The study used genomic analysis and sequencing techniques to reveal genetic variations that improve osmotic adjustment and prevent salt toxicity.
SourceUniversitat Autonoma de Barcelona·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateDec 18, 2018
DF-PGT, now possible through massive sequencing techniques
A research team from Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona develops a new Double Factor Preimplantation Genetic Testing (DF-PGT) strategy using massive sequencing techniques. This allows for simultaneous diagnosis of genetic mutations and chromosomal alterations, increasing the security of the diagnosis and the viability of embryos.
Citizens prefer landscapes that combine nature with built infrastructure
A pioneering study analyzing social media photos found citizens favor natural landscapes integrated with grey infrastructure, such as buildings, roads, and bridges. Proximity to these areas, especially those accessible by public transport, plays a critical role in landscape aesthetics.
Dynamic audiovisuals increase spectator attention, but inhibits conscious processing
A study by Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and Pablo de Olavide University found that dynamic audiovisual editing increases attention by reducing blink rates and stimulating brain activity in the visual processing areas. In contrast, continuous editing stimulates cognitive processing activity in frontal lobe regions.
Most complete study on Europe's greatest Hadrosaur site published
A recent study published in PLOS ONE provides the most comprehensive analysis of a Hadrosaur bone bed in Europe, shedding light on the lives of these ancient herbivores. The research reveals that young individuals were more abundant than adults, suggesting a natural population dynamic.