Researchers found a potential therapeutic candidate, miR-506, which blocks epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and inhibits mesenchymal markers in ovarian cancer cells. Higher miR-506 expression is associated with longer overall survival.
Researchers at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center have developed a synthetic gene circuit that can dial up or down gene expression in human cells, enabling refined research for drug resistance and cancer treatment. The circuit's precision will allow scientists to test the boundaries of genes known to confer resistance ...
A phase II clinical trial shows that selumetinib, a targeted therapy, can halt growth or shrink tumors in 15% of patients with recurrent low-grade ovarian cancer. The two-year overall survival rate is 55%, and the median overall survival has not been reached due to high patient survival rates.
Researchers at UT MD Anderson Cancer Center found that tumor endothelial cells can trigger changes in cancer cells, making them more resistant to chemotherapy and more likely to spread. This signaling process involves the activation of the Notch molecular pathway and may be targeted by existing drugs under development.
A preclinical study identifies Src, a master regulator of cancer cell proteins, as the key molecular switch affecting ovarian cancer progression. Beta blocker drugs mitigate this effect, reducing cancer deaths and mortality among patients with ovarian and cervical cancer.
Researchers from MD Anderson Cancer Center found that qigong reduces depressive symptoms and improves quality of life in women undergoing radiotherapy for breast cancer. The study suggests that qigong may prevent a delayed symptom burden and expedite recovery, especially for women with elevated depressive symptoms.
A synthetic corkscrew peptide has been shown to kill antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria by dissolving their double-layered membranes. The peptide, KLAKLAKKLAKLAK, was effective against a variety of strains of E. coli, A. baumanii, and P. aeruginosa, including multi-drug resistant strains.
Researchers discover protein OTUD7B, which regulates TRAF3's destruction and controls NF-kB pathway implicated in autoimmune diseases and cancer. Cells with intact OTUD7B suppress non-canonical NF-kB signaling, leading to increased lymphoid cell growth and hyper-responsiveness to antigens.
Researchers identified the protein OTUD7B as TRAF3's protector, revealing its role in regulating a molecular pathway implicated in immune system-related diseases. OTUD7B suppressed non-canonical NF-kB signaling, leading to increased lymphoid cell growth and hyper-responsiveness to antigens.
Dr. Nicholas Navin's new approach to genetic analysis could help researchers understand and map the complex process of cancer evolution, ultimately blocking the spread of cancer to other organs. The project aims to identify important mutations in single tumor cells at various stages of cancer development.
A Phase 2 clinical trial of ibrutinib in relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma reported a 68% overall response rate and 22% complete remission rate, with few side effects. The drug's efficacy was consistent across different patient populations, making it a promising treatment option for patients with this aggressive disease.
Researchers have developed a method to expand umbilical cord blood cells on mesenchymal precursor cells, speeding up the establishment of a new blood supply in patients. This approach has shown faster engraftment of white blood cells and platelets, resulting in improved patient outcomes.
Researchers found that a weekly dose of the targeted drug inotuzumab ozogamicin reduces side effects and maintains its effectiveness against acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in patients. The treatment showed an overall response rate of 57% with manageable toxicities.
A Phase 2 clinical trial found that combining ibrutinib and rituximab produced profound responses in high-risk CLL patients with minimal side effects. Researchers hope to further develop the treatment for this aggressive form of leukemia.
Researchers found that statin use improved progression-free survival and disease-specific survival in patients with stage III inflammatory breast cancer. Patients who took hydrophilic statins saw the greatest improvement in survival, with an average of 4.88 years.
African American women with early-stage invasive breast cancer were 12% less likely to receive the minimally invasive axillary sentinel lymph node biopsy compared to Caucasian women. The study found higher rates of lymphedema among African American women who underwent the older, more invasive procedure.
In a phase I trial, ponatinib showed promising results in treating chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), particularly for patients with the T315I mutation. The drug achieved complete hematologic responses in all 12 patients and major cytogenetic responses in 67% of those with other mutations.
A team of researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center has identified a cancer-promoting protein's pathway into the cell nucleus and discovered how it fuels brain tumor growth. By targeting this pathway, they hope to develop new treatments for glioblastoma multiforme, the most common and lethal form of brain cancer.
Men treated with proton therapy for prostate cancer reported excellent urinary and bowel function, similar to healthy controls. However, sexual function was affected by hormone therapy and other factors, with significant differences noted between groups.
A study by University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center reveals that doxorubicin's cardiotoxicity is linked to the Top2b enzyme, which drives DNA damage and affects heart muscle metabolism. The discovery could lead to a simple blood test to predict sensitivity to the drug.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center found that low depressive symptoms and longer telomere length are associated with prolonged survival in bladder cancer patients. Patients with short telomeres and high levels of depression have a three-fold risk of mortality.
A study found that enzyme levels in routine blood tests are a better predictor of liver cancer risk than hepatitis infection or other factors. The research used data from over 428,000 people and predicted 91% of liver cancer cases.
A team of researchers from MD Anderson Cancer Center has identified the LIFR protein as a novel suppressor of breast cancer metastasis. The study found that restoring LIFR expression or function could be used to block the spread of breast cancer. Loss of LIFR is associated with poor clinical outcomes in breast cancer patients.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center have identified a promising therapy for NRAS-mutant melanoma patients. By combining two drugs that inhibit proteins Mek and Cdk4, scientists found that the combination shrinks tumors in genetically engineered mouse models.
Researchers analyzed data from 29,423 adult patients and found no statistically significant increased risk of any type of cancer in those treated with biologic response modifiers. This study provides reassuring information for patients considering these therapies for their disease.
Researchers at UT MD Anderson Cancer Center show how PKM2 contributes to brain tumor formation and growth by influencing histone proteins. Higher levels of PKM2 expression and H3 phosphorylation are correlated with shorter survival and higher grade tumors.
Genomic deletions in cancer cells eliminate tumor-suppressor genes, but also expose vulnerabilities to other essential genes. Researchers found that targeting the redundant function of these genes can kill malignant cells. The study identified ENO1 and ENO2 as key targets for therapy.
A recent study found that radiation therapy after lumpectomy can help prevent mastectomy in early-stage breast cancer patients, particularly those with high-grade tumors. The research, published in the Journal Cancer, contradicts current national treatment guidelines.
Researchers identified six genes with driving mutations in melanoma, three of which have recurrent 'hotspot' mutations caused by UV light exposure. The study provides potential targets for new treatments and offers insights into the frequency and characteristics of driver mutations.
A preclinical study found that normal p53, a tumor suppressor gene, makes breast cancer chemotherapy with doxorubicin less effective. Senescent cells produced by non-mutated p53 fueled the relapse of tumors. The research challenges the existing paradigm and is another step closer to personalized cancer medicine.
Researchers found that Skp2 E3 ligase promotes Herceptin resistance in breast cancer by activating the Akt kinase, which also regulates glucose metabolism. The study suggests that blocking Skp2 could inhibit glycolysis and provide a new approach to cancer treatment.
In a phase I clinical trial, dabrafenib successfully shrank tumors in 9 out of 10 patients with brain metastases. The drug also showed activity in other cancer types with the BRAF mutation. Researchers recommend an oral dose of 150 mg twice daily for future trials.
A hybrid vaccine has demonstrated a 43% reduction in risk of recurrence, with an estimated rate of 10.3% compared to 18% in control group, in patients with varying levels of HER2 expression.
Researchers identified a cell surface protein ganglioside GD2 that flags breast cancer stem cells as potent tumor-generating cells. A small molecule drug triptolide inhibits GD3 synthase, essential to GD2 production, and stymies cancer growth in preclinical tests.
Researchers discovered a population of low-PSA prostate cancer stem cells that are resistant to hormone therapy and chemotherapy. These cells can differentiate into other cancer cell types and have long-term tumor-propagating capacity.
A study from the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center found that Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation (APBI) is associated with a higher risk of later mastectomy, increased radiation-related toxicities and post-operative complications compared to traditional whole breast irradiation.
Researchers discovered that mutant Kras manipulates metabolic pathways to support tumor growth and progression in pancreatic cancer. The study found that turning off the oncogene caused tumors to regress and metabolic changes correlated with gene expression changes.
Researchers create iPhage particles that penetrate cells using penetratin, targeting specific organelles like mitochondria and ribosomes. They discover a peptide ligand that disrupts ribosomal function, killing cancer cells and reducing cell survival in malignant and non-malignant cells.
Researchers found four proteins dysregulated by the PI3K/mTOR pathway associated with poor survival in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. These findings suggest potential new prognostic factors and therapeutic targets for treatment.
A combination of cixutumumab and temsirolimus shrank tumors in some patients with treatment-resistant Ewing's sarcoma or desmoplastic small-round-cell tumors, with two achieving complete responses. The study suggests that managing side effects is vital to maintaining the therapy and slowing disease progression.
Researchers identify non-canonical activation of Gli1 protein through the mTOR pathway, promoting esophageal cancer development. A combination of RAD-001 and GDC-0449 inhibits tumor growth by targeting both pathways.
A phase III clinical trial shows that ruxolitinib relieves severe symptoms and extends survival in patients with myelofibrosis. The drug also shrinks swollen spleens, a hallmark of the disease, and improves quality of life for many patients.
Researchers found that Aurora-A phosphorylates p73, preventing it from detecting DNA damage and triggering programmed cell death. This allows cancer cells to resist chemotherapy and radiation treatment, making them harder to treat.
A study employing mouse models and genomic analysis of human tumors identified the Smad4 gene as a driver in bone metastasis, while 14 other genes were found to be associated with human prostate cancer prognosis. Telomerase activation confers new strengths on tumors, enabling them to progress and acquire deadly characteristics.
Researchers found that inhibiting telomerase triggers alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) in cancer cells, leading to increased expression of PGC-1ß gene. Targeting PGC-1ß weakens mitochondria function and enhances anti-telomerase therapy.
Researchers have developed a reformulated imatinib that prevents and reverses morphine tolerance in rats, offering new hope for treating chronic intractable pain. The study's findings suggest the potential to reduce debilitating side effects associated with morphine use.
Researchers found a powerful cause-and-effect relationship between elevated platelets and ovarian cancer progression. Tumors stimulate platelet production, which strengthens the disease, reducing survival rates in patients with thrombocytosis.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that fetal exposure to radiation increases the risk of developing testicular cancer in male mice. The research suggests that DNA-damaging agents, such as radiation, may be responsible for the increasing incidence of testicular cancer in young Caucasian men.
A new immunotherapy for companion dogs with advanced-stage non-Hodgkin lymphoma improves survival by nearly four-fold, increasing median tumor-free survival by nine months. The treatment combination prolongs survival while maintaining quality of life.
Research team led by Edward T. H. Yeh discovers that SENP1 regulates SUMOylation of STAT5, essential for lymphoid development of T and B cells. Without SENP1, STAT5 cannot be activated or recycled, leading to severe defects in immune cell development.