Articles tagged with Metaanalysis
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new analysis of 22 trials with 15,276 participants found that common bronchodilators like tiotropium and ipratropium reduced respiratory-related deaths by 73 percent. In contrast, regularly inhaled beta-agonists increased the risk of respiratory death more than twofold.
A re-examination of beta-blocker efficacy for hypertension treatment found that the risk of stroke is more significant for patients over 60 years old. In contrast, younger patients under 60 show no increased stroke risk. The meta-analysis suggests a potential shift in beta-blocker usage guidelines.
Researchers analyzed data from 1990-2002 and found that ICDs had a significantly higher malfunction replacement rate (20.7 vs. 4.6 replacements per 1,000 implants) than pacemakers, with battery/capacitor abnormalities and electrical issues being major causes of device failures
A multi-site research team identified nearly 4,000 differentially regulated genes in mice with varying levels of alcohol consumption. The analysis revealed new candidate genes for further study, including some previously unknown, and provided valuable insights into the genetics of predisposition to drink alcohol.
A meta-analysis of 18 epidemiologic studies found a small association between soy intake and reduced breast cancer risk. The risk appeared to be greater in premenopausal than postmenopausal women, but the data have limitations due to inaccurate measurements and potential surrogate effects.
A new meta-analysis of 54 studies found no clear link between moderate drinking and reduced risk of premature death from all causes. The analysis controlled for age and illness effects that skewed previous findings, suggesting that moderate drinking may not be as protective as thought. Further research is needed to confirm these results.
A recent meta-analysis by Mark Koetse investigated the effects of energy price uncertainty on company investments. The study found that persistent high energy prices stimulate the adoption of energy-saving technologies and lead to a shift towards more energy-extensive production processes.
Pooled data from 14 randomized trials reveals a 55% relative reduction in thromboembolic events, 39% reduction in all-cause mortality, and 35% reduction in major hemorrhage with self-monitoring. Patients who can self-manage also show improved outcomes.
Researchers found that consuming three to five servings per day reduces stroke incidence by 11%, while exceeding five servings daily cuts it by 26%. Achieving recommended daily intake goals could greatly reduce stroke-related morbidity and mortality.
A meta-analysis of seven head-to-head drug-eluting stent trials found that the CYPHER Stent reduces the need for re-treatment by about 30% compared to Taxus Stent-treated patients, regardless of patient and lesion types. The CYPHER Stent's strong clinical performance is established through rigorous analysis.
A meta-analysis of 13 randomized clinical trials found that pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) use did not improve clinical outcomes in patients with advanced heart failure or those awaiting major surgery. The study suggests that PACs should only be used in specific situations where they can provide valuable guidance for treatment.
According to a meta-analysis of studies, males and females show more similarity than difference in cognitive abilities, communication, social traits, and well-being. However, motor behaviors, sex-specific aspects, and aggression exhibit marked differences.
A study found that 69% of meta-analyses in critical care had flaws, leading to concerns about the reliability of medical research. The most common issues were failure to report comprehensive literature searches and methods for avoiding bias.
A study of international adoptees found that they have fewer behavior problems than domestic adoptees, with lower rates of mental health referrals. However, clinicians should be aware of higher risks for problem behaviors in domestic adoptees who experienced neglect or maltreatment in their pre-adoptive period.
A meta-analysis of eight studies suggests that moderate dietary vitamin E intake reduces the risk of developing Parkinson's disease. However, no protective effects were found for vitamin C or beta-carotene.
A meta-analysis of 20 studies found light therapy to be an effective treatment for SAD and depression, with effects comparable to conventional medications. The study suggests that bright artificial light can help alleviate symptoms of SAD and other non-seasonal mood disorders.
A recent MIT study analyzed 17 peer-reviewed papers on melatonin and found it to be a significant sleep aid in small doses. The study challenges the common assumption that high doses of melatonin are ineffective, highlighting the need for more accurate dosing information.
Research by P.J. Devereaux et al found higher mortality rates and higher costs associated with private for-profit hospitals compared to not-for-profit hospitals. This supports a policy shift towards not-for-profit healthcare delivery, as suggested by S. Woolhandler and D.U. Himmelstein.
A comprehensive meta-analysis of 45 leadership studies found that women tend to use transformational leadership styles, which produce better worker performance and effectiveness. Women scored higher than men on one measure of transactional leadership and were more likely to be mentors and empower workers.
A new meta-analysis of 42 clinical trials involving over 190,000 patients found that low-dose diuretics significantly reduced the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and death. Low-dose diuretics were found to be more effective than other medications in preventing cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality.
A new study confirms the link between exercise and brain changes in aging humans using high-resolution MRI. Fitness slows down age-related decline in brain density, particularly in gray and white matter.
A meta-analysis of 88 studies found strong associations between corporal punishment and child behaviors, including aggression, antisocial behavior, and physical abuse. The research suggests that corporal punishment may actually cause negative outcomes for children, such as increased aggression and mental health issues.
A meta-analysis of zinc supplementation found that both height and weight increased positively in response to zinc supplements. Infants and children who were initially stunted or underweight realized the greatest benefit from zinc supplements. Zinc supplements also significantly increased serum zinc concentrations.
A meta-analysis of three studies found that low-intensity ultrasound therapy significantly reduces healing time for non-operative fractures. The treatment group showed a mean time to healing that was 6.41 times shorter than the control groups.
A recent meta-analysis and follow-up study found no immediate life-saving effect of mammography screening, but suggested that it may reduce breast cancer mortality after several years. Researchers argue that the analysis must focus on case-fatality rates rather than overall mortality rates to accurately evaluate the benefits.
A meta-analysis of 53 controlled clinical trials involving over 24,000 patients found that 10mg rizatriptan, 80mg eletriptan, and 12.5mg almotriptan showed better efficacy and consistency compared to sumatriptan. The results suggest that physicians need a variety of triptans in their repertoire to best treat patients with migraine.