Articles tagged with Kidney Cancer
A new study published in Cell Systems uses artificial intelligence to map regulatory networks in patient tumors and identifies four drug candidates for neuroendocrine, liver, and renal cancers. The researchers validated these candidates in cells, showing that inhibiting them significantly affected cancer cell growth.
Recent years have seen therapeutic advances in kidney cancer due to deeper understanding of the disease's biology, with improved treatments and early detection contributing to decreased deaths. Cigarette smoking and being overweight remain major risk factors for kidney cancer.
Obesity-related cancer rates in China have risen sharply among young people, with an alarming 3.6% annual increase between 2007 and 2021. The trend is particularly pronounced among those aged 25-29, highlighting the urgent need for better public health policies to address China's growing overweight and obesity rates.
A pivotal study supports belzutifan approval for patients with advanced kidney cancer, with belzutifan demonstrating a 25% lower risk of progression compared to everolimus. The HIF-2 inhibitor offers a novel therapeutic mechanism in advanced renal cell carcinoma treatment.
Researchers highlight the need to develop new anti-angiogenic agents to improve cancer treatment efficacy, citing knowledge gaps in human clinical trials. The review recommends considering tumor mutations, microenvironment, and patient profiles to select optimal AAD combinations.
Scientists have mapped over 5,000 genetic variants in the 'tumour protection' gene BAP1 that significantly increase cancer risk. These variants can be used to develop new treatments, including IGF-1 inhibitors, to slow down or prevent cancer progression.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute have mapped all possible outcomes of changes to the tumour-suppressing VHL gene, enabling clinicians to predict cancer-causing variants with 100% accuracy. The study also found that faulty VHL mutations can increase the risk of kidney cancer and may benefit from belutifan treatment.
A new biomarker has been discovered that can help predict which patients with clear cell renal cancer are at higher risk of recurrence. The 15-gene signature was found to be independently associated with worse disease-free survival and disease-specific survival in two large validation datasets.
Researchers found that only 41.5% of cancer patients could successfully book a new appointment at a clinic due to various barriers, including language issues and workflow challenges.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute have developed a new, long-lasting antibody treatment called Persistent Multivalent T Cell Engager (CA9-PMTE) that targets clear cell renal cell carcinoma. This innovative therapy has shown promise in pre-clinical models and could potentially be used to treat other difficult-to-treat cancers.
New cancer projections highlight progress in reducing incidence rates for common cancers like lung, colorectal, and prostate, but also warn of rising rates for less common types such as liver, kidney, melanoma, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
A massive study identifies new biomarkers for renal cell carcinoma subtypes, improving diagnosis and treatment. The researchers' integrative analysis of proteogenomic datasets reveals molecular features shared by clear cell and non-clear cell RCC tumors, as well as unique features to various subtypes.
A phase 3 trial shows that pembrolizumab significantly prolongs overall survival in high-risk kidney cancer patients. The treatment delays recurrences and helps patients live longer, with a 38% reduction in risk of death compared to placebo.
Researchers created a risk prediction model using patient data from six major US cancer centers. The model found that patients with high blood pressure, diabetes, and lower magnesium levels were at highest risk of moderate-to-severe kidney injury. The tool can help clinicians and patients make informed decisions about cisplatin treatment.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have reported promising results from a clinical trial testing a novel immunotherapy combination to target advanced, potentially lethal skin cancers in kidney transplant patients. Two out of six patients experienced complete tumor regression after adding a second checkpoint inhibitor to the regimen.
A new tumor spatial mapping tool will help clinicians assess the aggressiveness of cancer and personalize treatment. The tool maps the functional state of oncoproteins onto tumour images, allowing for more accurate diagnosis and informed treatment decisions.
A phase 3 trial shows that adjuvant pembrolizumab therapy significantly prolongs overall survival in patients with clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma (ccRCC) at high risk for recurrence. The treatment reduces the risk of death by 38% compared to placebo.
High levels of copper linked to poorer patient outcomes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients, according to NIH-funded University of Cincinnati Cancer Center research. The study aims to identify copper's mechanisms and test potential new treatments for ccRCC.
Researchers from MD Anderson Cancer Center reported a case of a patient with an exceptional response to pazopanib treatment for over 5 years. The study shows that pazopanib prevents or delays the progression of additional metastasis in EWSR1-NFATC2 positive sarcomas. Further studies are warranted.
A risk model based on routine blood work can identify cancer patients who are more likely to benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors, increasing treatment efficacy and cost-effectiveness. The study found that patients in the low-risk group had a higher response rate and longer overall survival compared to those in the high-risk group.
Men who are overweight or obese at age 18 have a higher risk of developing 17 different cancers later in life. Higher BMI is also associated with an increased risk of mortality after cancer diagnosis for certain types of cancer.
A secondary analysis of the SWOG S0931 trial found that patients with very-high risk clear-cell renal cell carcinoma who received adjuvant everolimus after surgery had a statistically significant improvement in recurrence-free survival. The results suggest that everolimus may be beneficial for this high-risk patient population, but als...
A phase 3 clinical trial found belzutifan significantly reduces the risk of progression in patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma who had previously treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors and anti-angiogenic therapies. The drug demonstrated improved progression-free survival, higher overall response rates, and redu...
TTUHSC researchers received funding for pilot studies on photothermal tumor therapy, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and colorectal cancer screening in underserved areas. The grants support the purchase of a cell sorter and address regional health disparities.
A multi-center study found that stereotactic body radiotherapy (SABR) can achieve 100% local control and cancer-specific survival for longer than three years among patients with inoperable kidney cancer. The treatment was effective in preserving kidney function, with only one patient requiring dialysis.
Researchers have identified a specific error in the NOTCH1 gene that causes rare kidney cancer reninoma. The study found that using existing drugs targeting this gene could serve as an alternative treatment for patients where surgery is not recommended.
Researchers found that DPP4 inhibition increased sunitinib efficacy in RCC spheroids and upregulated DPP4 in sunitinib-resistant cells. This suggests potential repurposing of DPP4 inhibitors to target therapy resistance in renal cell carcinoma.
Researchers developed an AI-based assessment tool to evaluate two-dimensional pictures of tumor samples, identifying previously underappreciated features such as tumor microheterogeneity and immune properties. These features are associated with improved overall survival among patients taking immune checkpoint inhibitors. The tool has t...
A large long-term study found that good cardiorespiratory fitness in young men is associated with a significantly lower risk of developing nine specific cancers, including a 40% reduced risk of liver cancer. Higher fitness was also linked to lower risks of rectal, pancreatic, and bowel cancers.
A large-scale study found that exercise programs for dialysis patients lead to significant improvements in physical fitness, quality of life, and reduced hospital stays. Personalized exercise plans showed low costs per training unit, making them a viable option for standard healthcare coverage.
Researchers at UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center confirmed genetic variants of unknown significance are verified mutations that increase the risk of kidney cancer. The findings could lead to new treatment options for people with hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC).
Researchers found that younger age is associated with an increased risk of heart failure in adolescent and young adult cancer survivors treated with sunitinib or sorafenib. Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of health complications and death among AYAs diagnosed with cancer, with hypertension being a common complication.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center have engineered a new model of aggressive renal cell carcinoma, highlighting molecular targets and genomic events that trigger chromosomal instability. The loss of interferon receptor genes plays a pivotal role in allowing cancer cells to become tolerant of chromosomal instability.
A patient with kidney cancer overcame several metastases with temsirolimus, leading researchers to identify key mutations that make this treatment effective. The study found that patients with USP9X mutations have altered autophagy and respond better to temsirolimus.
A new study found that obesity is associated with an increased risk of certain cancers, with stronger links in female patients for gallbladder and endometrial cancer. The study also revealed differential effects between sexes on colorectal, esophageal, and liver cancer.
Patients with advanced kidney cancer who receive second-line treatment with a combination of atezolizumab and cabozantinib do not experience improved progression-free survival or overall survival compared to those treated with cabozantinib alone. The study also finds higher toxicity levels in patients receiving the combination therapy.
Researchers from the UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center are presenting findings on combination therapies for breast cancer and a potential new treatment for patients with recurrent glioma. A phase 3 study evaluating vorasidenib versus placebo in patients with residual or recurrent grade 2 glioma with an IDH1/2 mutation is also be...
A new Northwestern Medicine study found young adult cancer survivors (18-39 years old) are 2.6 times more likely to develop heart failure when treated with anthracyclines. The incidence is highest among leukemia and other specific cancer types.
Research reveals both metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity types linked to increased risk of various obesity-related cancers, with stronger association in metabolically unhealthy obesity. Metabolically unhealthy women face higher risks for endometrial, liver, and kidney cancers.
A targeted kinase inhibitor added to a two-drug immunotherapy combination slowed the progression of advanced kidney cancer, with patients experiencing significantly improved progression-free survival. The median PFS was 11.3 months for those on nivolumab and ipilimumab alone, compared to not yet reached in the three-drug group.
Researchers analyzed outcomes for 144 Colorado patients who had lymph node sampling at the time of surgery for kidney tumors between 2005 and 2019. They found no statistically significant difference in clinically significant complications between patients who underwent more extensive lymph node sampling than those who didn’t.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center found that tumor-associated macrophage clustering in the stromal compartment is associated with poor outcomes. The study developed a score based on gene expression to predict macrophage clustering, which also predicted disease stage and survival.
A Phase I trial of CD70-targeting CAR T cell therapy ALLO-316 demonstrates encouraging response rates and disease control rates in patients with metastatic ccRCC. The treatment had a manageable safety profile, with no cases of GVHD or ICANS observed.
Researchers have identified a biomarker signature that can predict which patients with kidney cancer will respond well to immunotherapy. The signature is based on the number of immune cells in and around tumors, the amount of dead cancer tissue, and mutations to a tumor suppressor gene called PBRM1.
The LSU Health New Orleans Louisiana Tumor Registry released the sixth report of statewide cancer incidence rates by census tract, finding that 81% of tracts met criteria for all cancers combined. Census tracts with statistically higher incidence rates were found in parishes including Orleans, Lafourche, and St. Bernard.
A phase 2 study found a 92% disease control rate with the combination of belzutifan and cabozantinib in pre-treated advanced kidney cancer patients. The treatment has a manageable safety profile, providing a potential alternative for patients experiencing disease progression on immunotherapy.
A new study of over 200 people with premature aging syndromes caused by abnormally short telomeres suggests that chromosomal instability may not be the reason for increased cancer risk. Instead, immune system cells that age and die prematurely may play a role in cancer predisposition.
A new study has discovered a connection between a mitochondrial metabolite and the activation of an inflammatory response. Fumarate, produced in the mitochondrion, triggers mitochondrial damage that releases genetic material into small vesicles, leading to inflammation.
The HALP score, a novel immune-nutritional marker, has been linked to prognostic ability in different cancer types. It integrates indicators of immune status and nutritional status, showing promise as a cost-effective biomarker.
The CALYPSO study assesses the efficacy of combined MET and PD-L1 inhibition in patients with MET-driven metastatic papillary renal cancer. Response rates were 29% for all patients and 53% for those with MET-driven tumors, with improved progression-free survival observed in MET-driven status.
A new study links genetic changes in kidney cancer to patient outcomes, identifying four groups of patients based on mutation presence. This research may lead to more effective prediction of recurrence risk and personalized treatment for thousands of patients annually.
A decade-long international study has linked genetic changes in kidney cancer to patient outcomes, identifying four groups of patients based on specific genes. The findings suggest that tumour DNA sequencing may provide a more effective way to predict patient risk of kidney cancer recurrence.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins Medicine have identified a novel mechanism of tumor formation in kidney cancers, highlighting the role of overactive mTORC1 signaling pathway and loss of the TSC tumor suppressor gene. Activation of microphthalmia transcription factors (MITF) family by unopposed mTOR signaling may lead to abnormal cell gr...
A study found that cryoablation, a freezing-based treatment, reduces cancer-specific mortality in patients with early-stage renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) measuring between 3 and 4 centimeters. In contrast, heat-based thermal ablation has been shown to have a higher risk of death from kidney cancer for these patients.
Researchers identified genes associated with aggressive clear cell renal carcinoma, a subtype of kidney cancer. Anticoagulant therapies may enhance cancer treatment efficacy. Specific genes involved in blood clotting and insulin transport were found to be linked to disease progression.
Scientists have identified a potential therapy to reduce the side effects of cisplatin chemotherapy, which can cause kidney toxicity and neuropathic pain. Istradefylline, an approved Parkinson's disease drug, has been found to mitigate these harmful effects while preserving cisplatin's anti-tumor properties.
A gene signature of four specific genes (SAA1, SAA2, APOL1, and MET) predicts the risk of tumour spreading and survival in kidney cancer patients. The study identified a link between the microenvironment and immune system inhibition.
The PROSPER RCC trial showed no difference in recurrence-free survival between arms, with higher adverse events reported in the nivolumab arm. The trial's results inform future research on neoadjuvant trials in high-risk renal cell carcinoma.
A targeted kinase inhibitor added to a two-drug immunotherapy combination slowed the progression of advanced kidney cancer in previously untreated patients. The three-drug combination showed a 27% lower risk of progression or death compared to the two-drug control, with a median progression-free survival of 11.3 months.
A recent study published in the Journal of Urology found that robotic IVC thrombectomy is not inferior to standard open surgery and has lower complication rates. The robotic approach also showed a lower blood transfusion rate, making it an attractive option for patients with optimal candidacy.