Articles tagged with Ophthalmology
A computerized system can accurately detect early eye problems related to diabetes and reduce the need for expensive human screenings. The system uses digital camera images of the retina to automatically identify signs of fluid and internal bleeding associated with diabetes damage.
The Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary has received a five-year K12 grant from the National Institutes of Health to support junior clinician-scientists in translational and clinical research. The program provides financial support, mentorship, and protected research time.
A new study published in the American Journal of Ophthalmology found that 90% of children with intermittent exotropia will become nearsighted by age 20. Researchers followed 135 patients over a 20-year period and discovered a significantly higher rate of myopia development in this population compared to previously reported rates.
The guidelines provide a framework for evaluating the economic burden of visual impairment, ensuring consistent methods and high-quality estimates. This simplification will facilitate comparisons between studies and inform policy decisions.
The use of intravitreal injections has grown significantly in Canada, but only a small proportion of ophthalmologists perform the procedure. The majority of injections are performed by a small group of providers, highlighting concerns about access to treatment.
Research on ocular cancer has expanded to involve well-designed, multi-center collaborative studies that help continue the advancement of knowledge in the field. These studies allow for large patient recruitment, foster field-wide agreement on terminology, and provide cost savings by avoiding duplication of efforts.
A new predictor of cornea transplant success has been identified by the Cornea Donor Study Investigator Group. The study found that a patient's endothelial cell count six months post-transplant is a better indicator of subsequent failure of the graft rather than the donor's cell count.
A new study found that bifocal glasses can slow the progression of nearsightedness in children. The treatment was more effective than single-vision lenses and had a significant role in preventing the development of very high pathologic myopia.
A UCLA study published in the American Journal of Ophthalmology found that older women who quit smoking had a significantly lower risk of developing advanced age-related macular degeneration. The research, led by Dr. Anne Coleman, followed 1,958 women over five years and showed that even after age 80, quitting smoking can reduce AMD risk.
Researchers at the University of Iowa have found a new inherited retinal disease affecting the macula, which is an area critical for central vision. The disease causes abnormal blood vessels to form, leading to swelling or scars that can blur parts of the visual field.
Major reductions in infectious and nutritional causes of childhood blindness have led to increased focus on congenital and developmental cataracts. Further research is needed to address these issues with targeted interventions.
A study emphasizes the need for dedicated management capacity to address blindness in sub-Saharan Africa. The region has 20% of global blindness despite having only 11% of the world's population, highlighting the importance of effective management systems.
Researchers at Yale University have identified a novel protective mechanism in photoreceptors that could help preserve vision in people with eye diseases. The study found that the activation of CREB1/ATF1 is part of this pathway, which was triggered by stress and can be activated by certain drugs.
An analysis of surgical adverse events at Veterans Health Administration Medical Centers found that communication problems are the leading cause of errors, often occurring early in procedures. The study highlights the need for earlier communication based on crew resource management to prevent surgical adverse events.
A study found that individuals with hemianopia, a condition where one half of the visual field is blinded, struggle to detect pedestrians on their blind side while driving. This suggests that drivers with hemianopia should be tested individually to determine their fitness to drive.
Dr. H. Dwight Cavanagh, a renowned UT Southwestern ophthalmologist, has been awarded the Cornea Society's highest honor, the Castroviejo Medal. His groundbreaking research on corneal biology and transplantation has improved treatments for eye diseases.
The ARVO Foundation for Eye Research and Pfizer Ophthalmics are honoring Dr. Carl B. Camras with a series of awards recognizing excellence in early-career researchers working on novel vision research. The awards aim to support the development of innovative treatments and prevention strategies for eye disorders.
Researchers found that brains can be trained to consciously see invisible stimuli, which may help people with blindsight gain awareness. The study suggests a potential new line of research and treatments for acquired cortical blindness.
A new study uses bioluminescence imaging to detect eye tumors in vivo, enabling early treatment options that don't require surgery. The technology offers higher sensitivity and accuracy than traditional biopsy analysis, promising improved outcomes for patients.
Researchers found that French and Senegalese participants could detect kinship with the same rate of success, regardless of their own racial background or exposure to other cultures. This contradicts previous theories suggesting that exposure plays a crucial role in facial recognition, particularly across different racial groups.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have developed a handheld device that uses SD OCT to create 3-D images of the retina, allowing for early detection of retinopathy of prematurity. The technology can snap pictures up to 40 times faster than previous versions and is being used to analyze data on over 20 infants.
Researchers have documented remarkable vision improvements in three young adults with Leber Congenital Amaurosis after receiving gene therapy. The patients continue to experience increased sensitivity to light, and one patient was able to read an illuminated clock for the first time at 1 year after treatment.
A recent study shows that telemedicine can diagnose retinopathy of prematurity faster than traditional bedside ophthalmoscopy. By reducing travel and communication time, telemedicine can improve the efficiency of care for ophthalmologists.
A study published in Investigative Ophthalmolgy & Visual Science found that multiple genetic, ocular, and environmental factors contribute to the incidence of AMD. Researchers developed a predictive model using these variables, which can be used to guide prevention and treatments.
A five-year study funded by the National Institutes of Health will examine the impact of cataract surgery on everyday life for people with dementia. Researchers aim to document how restored vision improves daily tasks and overall well-being.
Researchers have discovered a series of distinct concentric zones in gecko eyes that enable exceptional night vision, leading to potential advancements in camera technology and multifocal contact lenses. The study, published in the Journal of Vision, also introduces a new method for gathering optical data from live animals without harm.
A randomized placebo-controlled study found no significant differences in electroretinography, visual function tests, or eye anatomy between men taking tadalafil or sildenafil and those taking a placebo. The study suggests that PDE5 inhibitors do not cause cumulative damage to the retina over six months.
A recent analysis found that downloads and citations are highly correlated with a 0.74 correlation coefficient, indicating that downloads can be used as an alternative metric to measure article impact. Downloads mirror citations but become available about two years earlier.
This year's Proctor Medal recipient, Joe G. Hollyfield, is recognized for his research on drusen and age-related macular degeneration. Samuel Wu receives the Friedenwald Award for pioneering retinal signaling process systems.
The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) has announced its inaugural class of Fellows, honoring members who have made significant contributions to vision research and ophthalmology. The ARVO Fellow title recognizes outstanding achievements in leadership, collaboration, and dedication to advancing the field.
A new study from the University of Gothenburg suggests that tracking a preterm infant's weekly weight gain can identify those at risk of developing eye disease ROP. The simple method could save money and allow for earlier detection, reducing the need for costly ophthalmological exams.
Four young researchers under 45 received the 2009 ARVO-AFER/Merck Innovative Ophthalmology Research Award for their groundbreaking research on glaucoma and back-of-the-eye diseases. The award recognizes outstanding investigative work that could lead to meaningful improvements in patients' lives.
A large study found that glitazone diabetes drugs increase the risk of diabetic macular edema by 60%, a condition that can lead to progressive visual loss. The study's results suggest that ophthalmologists should consider the role of glitazones when treating patients with DME.
Researchers developed a test to detect early evidence of amblyopia in infants with hemangiomas of eyelids, which can lead to permanent reductions in vision. The 'sweep visual evoked potential vernier acuity' test identified abnormal brainwave responses in the eyes affected by hemangiomas.
The school has received a record-breaking $1 million grant, including three individual awards totaling up to $925,000. The grants will support research into age-related macular degeneration, rhodopsin structure and function, and the pathogenesis of cataract and diabetic retinopathy.
A new surgical implant called Retisert has been successfully tested at the University of Iowa to treat sympathetic ophthalmia, a rare eye condition that can lead to complete vision loss. The implant provides slow-release immunosuppression to the affected eye, reducing or eliminating the need for systemic medications.
A study found that nearly 1 in 5 children with sensorineural hearing loss also have ocular disorders. Genetic testing showed that GJB2 mutations are associated with hearing loss but not additional anomalies. Early diagnosis and treatment of eye problems can benefit these patients.
A study in the American Journal of Ophthalmology reports that paintball injuries can result in rupture of the eyeball, detached retina, and even enucleation. Eye protection can prevent nearly all injuries, with over 97% of cases avoided by proper use.
A study estimates that over 1 billion individuals worldwide had presbyopia in 2005, with the condition expected to increase to 1.8 billion by 2050. Most people affected live in developing countries, highlighting a need for accessible corrective glasses and vision care systems.
A vision screening law in Florida has been linked to lower death rates from car crashes among drivers aged 80 and older. The study found that the law, which required drivers over 80 to pass a vision test before renewing their license, resulted in a 17% decrease in fatality rates among this age group.
The ARVO Foundation and Merck are offering prestigious global ophthalmic research awards to young scientists aged 45 and under. The awards aim to encourage innovative research in critical areas of ophthalmology. A total of $70,000 in grants will be awarded annually for two categories: glaucoma and back-of-the-eye diseases.
A survey of 124 eye patients found that 76.6% identified as Christian, with 69.4% reporting prayer is very important to their sense of well-being. The study suggests acknowledging patients' spiritual beliefs can enhance the healing process and establish trust between patients and physicians.
A new study published in the Journal of Vision found that fixing a driver's gaze on specific targets along a curve results in smoother and more stable steering. Researchers believe this technique could inform the development of next-generation in-car driving assistance systems.
A new study offers hope for adults with untreated amblyopia, finding that the brain regions responsible for vision can adapt in adulthood. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) therapy has been shown to improve contrast sensitivity in patients' amblyopic eyes for at least 30 minutes.
A new experimental technique has yielded improved vision in patients with retinal degeneration, with seven of ten patients showing significant visual gains. The procedure involves transplanting fetal retinal cells along with their attached retinal pigment epithelium to replace damaged photoreceptor cells.
Patients with hemianopia benefit from prism glasses that expand their visual field, improving obstacle avoidance and daily mobility. A new study has shown significant benefits for patients wearing these glasses, with 47% reporting them as 'very helpful' after 12 months.
The American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery (ASCRS) will participate in a study with the US FDA to examine the impact of LASIK on patients' daily lives. The study aims to identify ways to enhance patient care, improve screening and counseling, and better understand quality of life.
A landmark study shows that corneas from older donors (up to 75 years old) are as successful for transplants after five years as those from younger donors. This finding allows for the expansion of the donor pool, addressing a shortage in the Dallas area.
Researchers found that people's brains interpret visual stimulation based on assumptions about their environment. In a study examining how the brain and eye work together, participants were shown a jumping target that appeared in different locations within concentric circles.
The latest advances in genetics and genomics hold great potential for improving prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of a wide range of diseases. Recent research has shed light on the genetic causes of conditions such as vitiligo, autoinflammatory diseases, and multiple sclerosis.
A study analyzed eyes of 2520 individuals, finding larger drusen and abnormal blood vessel growth more common in whites. Whites were also more likely to develop advanced AMD and geographic atrophy, with black individuals showing potential protection against AMD.
Scientists query FDA about updating requirements for drug approval, citing limitations of current endpoints and methods. Researchers suggest alternative endpoints using new ophthalmic technologies like optical coherence tomography.
A study of 196 high myopic eyes found LASIK to be a safe and effective procedure in the long term. The results showed that 40% of patients avoided wearing glasses after surgery, while only 5% lost more than 2 lines of vision.
The collaboration between ophthalmology and facial plastic surgery has led to fresh approaches in clinical problems, exemplified by well-designed clinical studies. Articles in this issue of Archives of Ophthalmology showcase new technology and precise measurements during eyelid surgery.
Papers published in this issue highlight the value of multidisciplinary collaboration, revealing treatments that spare patients' eyes during cancer treatment and develop new techniques to increase orbital volume. These advancements demonstrate enormous opportunities for knowledge advancement through specialty collaboration.
A study found that surgical confusions in eye surgery are rare but can be serious, with the majority of cases involving incorrect lens implants. The Universal Protocol can prevent most confusions, suggesting a rate of 69 errors per 1 million eye operations.
A study published in Investigative Ophthalmology and Vision Science found that visual field loss is the primary component increasing the risk of falls in older adults. Mobility training may help reduce this risk by improving postural stability and mobility.
A computer-based method to evaluate the eye's ability to distinguish object details and shape in patients with AMD could provide a more accurate way to assess the effectiveness of eye surgery or vision rehabilitation interventions. The test might help detect early detection of AMD and estimate patient potential visual acuity.
A study found that physicians trained to perform cataract surgery in rural China showed improved vision for over 85% of patients, with nearly 96% achieving good visual outcomes. However, only 35% of patients accepted glasses prescriptions and 48% opted for surgery on their second eye due to cost concerns.
A recent study published in Journal of Vision found that humans may not be more sensitive to biological motion compared to non-biological motion. The research, led by Dr. Eric Hiris, tested the effectiveness of masks and target sizes to determine detection performance, and concluded that humans do not exhibit enhanced sensitivity.