Articles tagged with Ophthalmology
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Researchers found that people's brains interpret visual stimulation based on assumptions about their environment. In a study examining how the brain and eye work together, participants were shown a jumping target that appeared in different locations within concentric circles.
The latest advances in genetics and genomics hold great potential for improving prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of a wide range of diseases. Recent research has shed light on the genetic causes of conditions such as vitiligo, autoinflammatory diseases, and multiple sclerosis.
A study analyzed eyes of 2520 individuals, finding larger drusen and abnormal blood vessel growth more common in whites. Whites were also more likely to develop advanced AMD and geographic atrophy, with black individuals showing potential protection against AMD.
Scientists query FDA about updating requirements for drug approval, citing limitations of current endpoints and methods. Researchers suggest alternative endpoints using new ophthalmic technologies like optical coherence tomography.
A study of 196 high myopic eyes found LASIK to be a safe and effective procedure in the long term. The results showed that 40% of patients avoided wearing glasses after surgery, while only 5% lost more than 2 lines of vision.
The collaboration between ophthalmology and facial plastic surgery has led to fresh approaches in clinical problems, exemplified by well-designed clinical studies. Articles in this issue of Archives of Ophthalmology showcase new technology and precise measurements during eyelid surgery.
Papers published in this issue highlight the value of multidisciplinary collaboration, revealing treatments that spare patients' eyes during cancer treatment and develop new techniques to increase orbital volume. These advancements demonstrate enormous opportunities for knowledge advancement through specialty collaboration.
A study found that surgical confusions in eye surgery are rare but can be serious, with the majority of cases involving incorrect lens implants. The Universal Protocol can prevent most confusions, suggesting a rate of 69 errors per 1 million eye operations.
A computer-based method to evaluate the eye's ability to distinguish object details and shape in patients with AMD could provide a more accurate way to assess the effectiveness of eye surgery or vision rehabilitation interventions. The test might help detect early detection of AMD and estimate patient potential visual acuity.
A study published in Investigative Ophthalmology and Vision Science found that visual field loss is the primary component increasing the risk of falls in older adults. Mobility training may help reduce this risk by improving postural stability and mobility.
A study found that physicians trained to perform cataract surgery in rural China showed improved vision for over 85% of patients, with nearly 96% achieving good visual outcomes. However, only 35% of patients accepted glasses prescriptions and 48% opted for surgery on their second eye due to cost concerns.
A recent study published in Journal of Vision found that humans may not be more sensitive to biological motion compared to non-biological motion. The research, led by Dr. Eric Hiris, tested the effectiveness of masks and target sizes to determine detection performance, and concluded that humans do not exhibit enhanced sensitivity.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have developed a new eye-staining technique using Lissamine green to detect early stages of dry eye syndrome. The test reveals staining patterns that indicate the severity and progression of the condition, allowing for earlier diagnosis and more effective treatment options.
Research found that glaucoma patients with fluctuating eye pressure have worse visual fields after three months and 13 years, highlighting the importance of reducing long-term IOP fluctuations. The study suggests that 'IOP modulation' rather than reduction is a more effective treatment approach for stabilizing vision.
Researchers warn of a rare but serious complication associated with eye tests in infants. Apraclonidine eyedrops used to diagnose Horner syndrome can lead to severe lethargy lasting up to 10 hours, requiring hospital admission and oxygen administration.
A study by researchers at UIC found a strong association between the use of contact lens solution AMO Complete MoisturePlus and Acanthamoeba keratitis, a rare severe eye infection. The study suggests that the solution's ability to kill Acanthamoeba is compromised, increasing the risk of infection.
The Dyson Foundation has awarded $5 million to support the development of a state-of-the-art eye care facility at Weill Cornell Medical College. The new floor is expected to open in spring 2008 and will provide advanced treatment options for patients, honoring Dr. Jackson Coleman's legacy.
Subconjunctival insulin delivery has been shown to treat degenerative and inflammatory responses in diabetic rat retinas. Low-dose periocular insulin delivery may also be a potential treatment for early diabetic retinopathy, according to researchers.
A recent study has found that children with amblyopia, also known as 'lazy eye,' exhibit poorer fine motor skills and lower perception of social acceptance. The research, led by Ann Louise Webber, used standardized tests to measure the children's motor skills and self-esteem. The results indicate that treating a child's eye condition m...
A recent study found that visually impaired individuals in Australia experience significant economic burdens due to the need for special equipment and personal care services. The study revealed median expenditures exceeding $12 million over 12 months, highlighting the importance of addressing these costs.
David F. Weeks receives the ARVO Kupfer Award for his contributions to eye research and leadership at Research to Prevent Blindness. The award recognizes his efforts to increase funding for the National Eye Institute, which has provided significant support for vision research over nearly 50 years.
A new study from the University of Illinois Chicago found that LASIK surgery is safe and effective for patients aged 40-69 years old, with reliable predictability of correction. The study also highlighted challenges faced by older adults, including difficulty with near vision after LASIK due to presbyopia.
Researchers found cases of MRSA infectious keratitis following refractive surgery in patients with no known exposure to healthcare facilities. Colonization of MRSA is common, especially among those exposed to healthcare settings.
Dr. Jayakrishna Ambati's research on macular degeneration has led to a breakthrough discovery that may help patients fight the condition. With a $750,000 grant, Ambati will develop a phase 1 clinical trial to test new therapies for age-related macular degeneration.
A study published in Journal of Vision found that people can accurately extract information from silhouetted face profiles about their front-view counterparts. The results showed a high classification accuracy for gender and age traits, with male silhouettes identified as male 83.3% of the time.
A study found that Dry Eye Syndrome (DES) significantly impacts daily activities such as reading, computer work, professional work, and watching TV. DES affects an estimated 4.8 million people in the US, with women more likely to be affected than men.
Researchers from top universities explore how crowding impacts visual recognition, finding that everyday surroundings are often crowded and unrecognizable. The study sheds light on the challenges of seeing in cluttered environments, highlighting the limitations of human vision.
The study assessed molecular testing's utility in caring for patients with genetic retinal diseases. Molecular testing confirmed a clinical diagnosis of hereditary disorders in 133 out of 266 diagnostic tests, while also identifying carrier status and ruling out familial mutations in asymptomatic individuals.
A new study found that 61% of chronic hepatitis C patients treated with Interferon developed asymptomatic retinopathy, including retinal hemorrhage and cotton-wool spots. The condition was associated with increased blood velocity and endothelial dysfunction, highlighting the importance of monitoring patients during treatment.
A study comparing LASIK and LASEK found no clinically significant differences between the two procedures. Both procedures were deemed safe, effective, and predictable for treating low to moderate myopia.
Testing preterm children's eyes at 2.5 years of age may help identify those who will develop vision problems by age 10. The study found that refractive errors, including astigmatism and anisometropia, were more common in preterm children than full-term children.
Researchers at Penn School of Medicine found that low-intensity laser treatment is ineffective in preventing complications of AMD or vision loss. Daily supplements of vitamins and minerals remain the only established way to decrease the risk of vision loss for people with large drusen.
A new survey found that Pakistani women are 30% more likely to be blind than men, with the highest incidence of blindness in regions like Punjab and Balochistan. The study also reveals lower utilization of eye care services as a contributing factor to this disparity.
Researchers created a new random-dot stereotest using a 3D display and infrared oculography to objectively assess stereopsis in children over three years old. The test's accuracy was found to be 95 percent, allowing for the study of stereovision development under natural conditions.
The Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 investigates nutrient-based factors influencing AMD progression. Dr. Yu-Guang He hopes the study will resolve the potential benefit of supplements for AMD, which affects nearly 7 million Americans.
A study by OHSU eye doctor William Mathers found a higher risk of suffering vision loss from contact lenses compared to laser vision correction surgery. This contradicts traditional assumptions that contact lenses are safer than laser surgery, highlighting the importance of proper care and cleaning.
Researchers gathered at the ARVO/Pfizer Ophthalmics Research Institute conference to discuss the current understanding of aqueous outflow pathways. The study aims to identify key unanswered research questions and explore new ideas for controlling high eye pressure in glaucoma patients.
A recent study published in Journal of Vision found that judging facial similarity in children can accurately estimate the probability that two children are close genetic relatives. Researchers used participants' ratings to transform into estimates of genetic relatedness.
Preterm infants with smaller occipital brain volumes are more likely to experience impaired visual function in early childhood. Thirty-five percent of the study infants had abnormal oculomotor control, including impaired saccades and binocular eye alignment, at two years of age.
Researchers have developed a device that combines a tiny camera, computer, and transparent display on glasses to improve the visual abilities of people with tunnel vision. The study shows significant improvements in object detection and reduced search time for patients.
Dr. Ambati, a University of Kentucky researcher, has received the prestigious 2006 Lew R. Wasserman Award for his work on age-related macular degeneration. The award comes with a $55,000 grant to support his research and will be used to hire additional staff.
A survey by ARVO found that the major factor limiting the use of human eye tissue is a lack of availability meeting stringent criteria. Researchers are exploring ways to manage the shortage, including working closely with eye banks and clarifying experimental needs.
Lloyd P. Aiello, MD, PhD, and Ashim K. Mitra, PhD, have been selected to receive the 2007 ARVO/Pfizer Ophthalmics Translational Research Award for their outstanding achievements in ophthalmology research.
Dr. Bazan's work on lipid pathways in the retina and docosanoids has been recognized with the ARVO Proctor Medal. As Director of Louisiana State University's Neuroscience Center, he continues to advance our understanding of inflammation and apoptosis.
A new cue, dynamic half-occlusion, is used to perceive motion in depth when unmatched features are observed. The study enhances the potential for creating more effective simulation of motion in 3D displays and virtual environments.
Guyton, a renowned pediatric ophthalmologist, has been awarded the ARVO's Weisenfeld Award for his exceptional work on strabismus and amblyopia. He is also a respected educator and leader in the vision community, with numerous awards and honors to his name.
A total of 34 cases of fungal keratitis were reported among soft contact lens wearers, with all cases caused by the fungus Fusarium. The average age of patients was 34.9 years, and most used ReNu brand contact lens solution.
The Allergan Foundation has donated $2 million to support eye research, clinical care, and education at the University of California, Irvine. The donation will help develop a new facility dedicated to retinal diseases, including diabetic retinopathy and macular degeneration.
Researchers used gold beads to visualize slow phenomena in the eye, such as growth and fast eye movement. The study showed that three-quarters of the implanted beads remained stable over six months.
Researchers used a virtual 'forest' to test navigation skills, finding that good navigators rely on internal representations of the environment rather than just visual information. The study suggests that understanding how individuals use visual and non-visual cues can inform rehabilitation protocols for people with visual impairments.
Dr Jacquelyn Bond is studying the ASPM protein to understand its role in brain development and its connection to microcephaly. The research aims to uncover the pathways involved in brain development and determine how aberrations in these pathways lead to microcephaly.
The ARVO/Pfizer Ophthalmics conference aims to improve research and clinical care in areas of ophthalmology related to preventable vision loss and blindness. The meeting will explore topics such as angiogenesis, neovascularization, and vasoproliferation.
In 2005, Research to Prevent Blindness awarded over $7.9 million in grants to support eye disease research at 46 medical schools nationwide. The funding enabled significant breakthroughs in understanding and treating various eye conditions, including cataracts, glaucoma, and macular degeneration.
Researchers found that visual details are retained in working memory despite distractions, contradicting the idea of information loss. The study suggests a specialized system for processing real scenes, with implications for understanding development, aging, and attention disorders.
The Case Department of Ophthalmology at Case Western Reserve University has been awarded a $110,000 grant by the Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB) organization. The grant will support research into blinding eye diseases.
A comprehensive vision restoration-rehabilitation program facilitated access to new eyeglasses, cataract surgery, or low-vision care for 31% of eligible nursing home residents. The study found that without such assistance, only 2% of identified patients received cataract surgery.
Ophthalmic surgeon Simon Kelly disputes the claim that private cataract services have improved English cataract patients' care. He attributes the increase in surgery rates to targeted capital for NHS facilities and practice improvements within the National Health Service (NHS).
Miller's research on photodynamic therapy of neovascular age-related macular degeneration and Schuman's development of optical coherence tomography have led to significant advances in the diagnosis and management of glaucoma and retinal diseases.
A research team led by Professors Lamb and Pugh has been awarded the Proctor Medal for their comprehensive analysis of molecular events underlying photoreceptor response to light. Their work enables straightforward use of the electroretinogram in analyzing deficits in various basic and clinical situations.
Dr. Gragoudas is being recognized for his groundbreaking work on protein beam irradiation and photodynamic therapy for intraocular melanoma and neovascular age-related macular degeneration. He has made significant contributions to the clinical practice of ophthalmology, particularly in the study of retinal vascular diseases.