Articles tagged with Stem Cells
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A study by researchers at the Perelman School of Medicine reveals how T-cell exhaustion occurs in chronic viral infections, with implications for novel therapies. The team found that two distinct classes of virus-specific CD8+ T cells work together to keep the infection in check, but their long-term pressure depletes progenitor pools.
Scientists at the University of Toronto have discovered a method to transform aged stem cells into functioning-like younger ones, paving the way for growing cardiac patches from patient's own cells. This breakthrough could potentially avoid rejection and treat damaged or diseased hearts.
A study published in Genome Biology reveals a link between transposable elements and the expression of stem cell-specific long noncoding RNAs. ERV transposition may have given rise to these lincRNAs, which have important regulatory roles.
A genetically-engineered vaccine aims to prevent HIV infection by continually producing disease-fighting cells. The new approach could provide long-term protection and potentially be adapted for use against other infections.
Researchers are using bioprinting to grow cells in 3D scaffolds that can be used to regenerate tissue, with the potential to treat diseases such as cavity wounds. However, limitations include cell survival rates and guaranteeing consistent quality.
A NIST team developed a model to predict cell behavior and change, using a data-driven landscape approach. The method provides reliable numbers for the complex evolution of cell populations, crucial for biomanufacturing and stem cell therapies.
Planarians can regrow missing organs, including the intestine, after injury. Researchers identified genes that control intestinal growth and regeneration using RNA interference. The study provides insights into stem cell division, cellular events, and molecular signaling pathways involved in organ regeneration.
Researchers develop safe approach to produce stable vascular endothelial cells from human amniotic cells, opening door to treating diverse vascular disorders. The new cell-based strategy has promise in mice and may benefit millions of patients worldwide.
Researchers at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center identify a unique rat model of bladder regeneration, which may help understand regenerative processes in mammals. The study found that cells in the bladder lining proliferate and transition into stem cells to repair damaged bladders.
Researchers found that a developmental protein called fibroblast growth factor-2 drives aging muscle stem cells out of dormancy, reducing their ability to regenerate. Blocking FGF signaling improved muscle tissue repair in aged animals.
A research team at New York University has determined how cells that cause inflammatory ailments differentiate from stem cells. The study found hundreds of new genes involved in the function and development of these cells, which can be used to design new therapies for diseases such as Crohn's disease, multiple sclerosis, and arthritis.
Researchers have elucidated how muscle stem cells colonize niches for efficient growth and repair. They found that these stem cells weaken when located outside their muscle fiber niches, leading to weakened muscles. The Notch signaling pathway plays a crucial role in preventing differentiation of stem cells into muscle cells.
Researchers designed molecular beacons that bind to mRNA of three genes expressed only when stem cells transform into bone cells, allowing for real-time monitoring of gene expression. The technology provides a tool for discovering optimal conditions for stem cell differentiation and identifying desired tissue cells.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute will study the cellular mechanisms behind an experimental stem cell therapy that regenerates healthy muscle in damaged hearts. The treatment has shown promising results, with a 50% reduction in scar size and improved cardiac regeneration.
A CNIO team has created a transgenic mouse model that simulates aplastic anaemia in humans. The model shows the link between telomere impairment and bone marrow failure.
Researchers found that cells grown on different types of scaffolds vary in their ability to repair damaged blood vessels and suppress inflammation. Cells grown on porous surfaces tend to be more effective at repairing damage.
Researchers have found that plants exhibit a wide range of mechanical properties, from stiffness and strength. Fruits and vegetables are the least stiff, while densest palms can be 100,000 times stiffer. Plants' microstructures, such as cell wall composition and arrangement, contribute to this diversity.
A new study found that inhibiting myostatin promotes muscle growth without incorporating satellite cells into myofibers, raising hopes for treating muscular diseases. The research team identified a specific type of cell targeted by myostatin, paving the way for potential drug development.
Human HLA genes are evolving rapidly, improving disease-fighting abilities but complicating organ transplant matching. The vast number of variants makes it unlikely to identify a perfect match through worldwide searches.
Researchers have developed a new stem cell therapy that uses patient's own cells to regenerate craniofacial tissues, resulting in greater bone density and quicker bone repair. The treatment is best suited for large defects such as those resulting from trauma, diseases or birth defects.
Modified human stem cells helped enhance the activity of an enzyme called telomerase, which elongates telomere length. This technique increased telomere length and activity, as well as increasing cardiac stem cell proliferation, vital steps in combating heart failure.
The International Society for Advancement of Cytometry presented its 2012 awards to Dr. Leon Terstappen and Dr. Robert Leif, recognizing their innovative work in cytometry technology. The awards also honored Drs. Jan Visser and Peter Lansdorp for their significant contributions to the field and society.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have identified a new type of energy-burning fat cell, called 'beige fat,' which may have therapeutic potential for treating obesity and diabetes. Beige fat cells can burn off calories rather than store them, unlike 'white fat' cells.
The foundation awarded three-year fellowships to postdoctoral scientists conducting basic and translational cancer research, providing them with independent funding to pursue novel projects. Recipients aim to understand molecular mechanisms of gene silencing, cellular cargo transport, and immune system interactions.
Researchers have identified Lyl-1 as a crucial transcription factor in producing early T-cell progenitors, which are the first cells on the path to becoming active T-cells. Without Lyl-1, these cells are severely impaired, and mice lacking the gene exhibit T-cell deficiency and leukemia-like symptoms.
Researchers at UBC successfully reversed diabetes in mice using stem cells, restoring insulin production and reversing the disease. The study re-created the 'feedback loop' that enables insulin levels to automatically rise or fall based on blood glucose levels.
Researchers used magnets to guide iron oxide nanoparticles-laden cells to damaged heart sites, improving homing and retention. Visualizations revealed a good correlation between MRI tracking and cell fate assessment.
Researchers at Kyoto University's iCeMS have developed a process to create custom-designed porous coordination polymer architectures for high-efficiency, low-cost gas and liquid separation. The new method, called 'reverse fossilization,' transforms inorganic materials into organic structures with preserved shape and form.
Scientists at the University of Liverpool have developed methods to track stem cells in the body, improving understanding of their behavior after transplantation. They use superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and advanced imaging systems to monitor stem cell movement and behavior.
A Johns Hopkins University team found a protein molecule, p190RhoGAP, that regulates cardiac stem cells to form healthy heart tissue or blood vessels. By altering its levels, the researchers were able to improve the effectiveness of stem cell therapy in treating heart attack patients.
A 10-year-old girl's successful transplantation of a tissue-engineered vein has dramatically improved her quality of life, avoiding complications associated with synthetic grafts and lifelong immunosuppressive drugs. The procedure restored normal blood flow and significantly enhanced her physical growth.
Researchers use green fluorescent protein to detect defective genes in children with glycosylation disorders, enabling the development of targeted therapies. The tool helps identify genes causing intellectual disability, digestive problems, seizures, and low blood sugar in children.
A phase III trial showed that haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) significantly increases long-term survival compared to conventional treatment for patients with poor prognosis early diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. The study found more deaths in the conventional group, with half of them being treatment-related.
Scientists at University College London have discovered a potential new method to regenerate damaged skeletal muscle tissue using stem cells derived from amniotic fluid. The treatment resulted in improved survival rates and muscle activity in mice with spinal muscular atrophy, a genetic disease affecting one in six thousand births.
Researchers at Northwestern University have identified the molecular trigger of uterine fibroids, a single stem cell mutation that activates other cells to grow uncontrollably. The study suggests a new direction for developing therapies to treat these tumors, which affect an estimated 15 million women in the US.
Researchers have discovered that the NKCC1 protein may hold key to understanding how glioblastoma, the deadliest type of brain cancer, moves and invades healthy brain tissue. Blocking NKCC1 with a cheap FDA-approved drug slows movement of glioblastoma cells, suggesting a potential new approach to treat this aggressive cancer.
Researchers have created a new instrument that rapidly analyzes the physical properties of cells to identify cancer and other cell states. The deformability cytometer measures cells' responses to fluid flow, providing valuable information about cell health.
A Duke University Medical Center team has developed a method to convert scar tissue in the heart into functioning heart muscle cells using microRNAs. This approach eliminates the need for stem cell transplantation, potentially treating millions of people with heart failure caused by scar tissue after a heart attack.
A new study finds that bile plays a critical role in the development of Barrett's esophagus, a precursor to rare and deadly esophageal cancer. Bile shuts off genes responsible for normal esophageal lining and turns on genes producing intestine-like tissue.
Researchers at the University of Delaware have identified a protein called endoglin that regulates the creation of fat cells. By decreasing the amount of this protein on the surface of cells, it may be possible to force fat cells to transform into other cell types, potentially leading to new treatments for osteoporosis and obesity.
Researchers suggest that stem cells have intrinsic capacities for self-maintenance and evasion of differentiation. By analyzing current properties and characteristics of stem cells, the 'by default' hypothesis proposes that stem cells exist due to factors that repress cellular signals for specialization.
Researchers have discovered a hormone that can be produced by fat stem cells to lower blood sugar levels and improve metabolism. The hormone appears to bypass the need for insulin, sending glucose out of the bloodstream and into muscle cells.
New cell printing technology enables precise pattern formation of human cells, paving the way for advancement in tissue engineering and regeneration. Researchers demonstrated the use of acoustic droplet ejection followed by aqueous two-phase exclusion patterning to control cell placement.
A study led by Mayo Clinic researchers found that bone marrow-derived stem cells improved ejection fraction, a measure of the left ventricle's pumping ability, by 2.7% in patients with chronic heart failure. The most significant improvements were seen in younger patients and those with enriched CD34+ and CD133+ type of stem cells.
A new study found that using a patient's own bone marrow cells can help repair damaged areas of the heart caused by heart failure. The treatment increased left ventricular ejection fraction by a small but significant amount, and improved perfusion defects in patients with chronic ischemic heart disease.
The FOCUS trial found that patients with chronic ischemic heart disease who received stem cell therapy had a significant increase in left ventricular ejection fraction, with improvements correlated to the number of progenitor cells in their bone marrow. This study provides valuable insights for future therapies and trials.
Researchers develop a new approach to regenerating and transplanting organs using artificial scaffolds with patient stem cells, promising a potential solution to the organ donor shortage crisis. The technique requires no human donors, has no rejection issues, and eliminates the need for immunosuppressive drugs.
Researchers from the University of Victoria have developed a new 3D stem cell culture method, enabling scientists to study cell behavior in conditions similar to those in the body. This breakthrough has significant implications for regenerative medicine and other fields.
Scientists have developed a method to imbue yeast with magnetic properties, enabling potential applications in medical, industrial, and research settings. The technology could be used to target and isolate specific cells, guiding them toward certain manufacturing processes or interacting with non-living machinery.
A new microfluidic device can isolate target cells much faster than existing devices, using a soft membrane with nanoscale pores to guide fluid and bring cells in contact with antibodies. This technology could be used for point-of-care diagnostics and personalized medicine applications, such as cancer diagnosis.
A UCLA study reveals that migrating cells exhibit a tendency to turn right in response to environmental changes, leading to the formation of diagonal stripes resembling tissue architecture. The researchers believe this phenomenon holds promise for developing new methods for tissue engineering and organ regeneration.
Researchers at Yale University have identified a new regulator that controls p53's activity in sperm production, which could lead to breakthroughs in fertility treatments and cancer therapy. The study found that a molecule called Pumilo 1 plays a crucial role in this process.
A UCSF stem cell study conducted in mice suggests a novel strategy for treating damaged cardiac tissue after a heart attack. The approach potentially improves cardiac function, minimizes scar size, and avoids tissue rejection.
A study published in The Lancet found that infusing patients' own cardiac stem cells into the heart after a heart attack reduces scar tissue by 50%. This breakthrough suggests that healthy heart muscle can be restored after previously thought-to-be irreparable damage.
A Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute clinical trial has demonstrated that treating heart attack patients with their own heart-derived cells can help damaged hearts regrow healthy muscle. The study found a significant reduction in scar size and an increase in healthy heart muscle following the stem cell treatments.
Researchers have discovered that dynein, a motor protein, plays a crucial role in spindle alignment during mitosis. A signal from the chromosomes involving the ras-related nuclear protein (Ran) blocks LGN and dynein from attaching to the cell cortex closest to the chromosomes.
The Broad Institute has received a $32.5 million grant to launch the Klarman Cell Observatory, which will decipher how biological decisions are made in health and disease. The Observatory aims to shed light on the inner workings of cells, leading to major treatment breakthroughs.
Researchers at Kyoto University and the University of Oxford have successfully constructed a DNA motor capable of navigating a programmable network of tracks with multiple switches. The breakthrough uses DNA origami technology, allowing for autonomous nanoscale devices to produce predictable outputs based on different starting conditions.
A study in Cell Metabolism identifies serum response factor (Srf) as a crucial signal that tells surrounding muscle stem cells to multiply and join muscle fibers, controlling muscle growth. SRF's role in regulating muscle atrophy is also confirmed, with potential applications for therapies targeting its targets.
Scientists developed a way to deliver therapeutic human cells to diseased areas using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. The new process, reported in ACS' journal Langmuir, successfully attaches these nanoparticles to the outside of human cells without causing damage.