Articles tagged with Surface States
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at Saarland University discovered that molecular dipoles in ice and shoe soles interact to create a disordered, amorphous structure on the ice surface. This interaction causes the ice to become slippery, leading to slips and falls, rather than pressure or friction.
Recent study on 2M-WS2 reveals coexistence of striped surface charge order with superconductivity, modifying spatial distribution of Majorana bound states. Experimental results demonstrate that surface charge order does not destroy bulk topology but can modify MBS positions.
Scientists have discovered a material that can harness waste heat, increasing energy efficiency and sustainability. The researchers found that thinner cadmium arsenide films exhibit higher thermoelectric sensitivity, allowing for more efficient cooling in cryogenic environments.
Scientists create high-throughput automation to calculate surface properties of crystalline materials using established laws of physics. This accelerates the search for relevant materials for applications in energy conversion, production, and storage.
Researchers at the University of Manchester's National Graphene Institute discover new physics in ancient graphite, finding a 2.5D Hofstadter’s butterfly effect that modifies both surface and bulk states.
Researchers have discovered that nanodiamonds can emit solvated electrons in water when exposed to visible light, a crucial step towards using them as photocatalysts. This discovery could lead to the development of inexpensive and metal-free processes for converting CO2 into valuable hydrocarbons or converting N2 into ammonia.
Researchers discovered a novel metallic crystal, Kagome metal, with unusual electronic behavior on its surface. The material's unique atomic structure allows for the manipulation of electrons' spin chirality, which can be controlled by applying a local voltage.
Researchers have made significant advancements in understanding the electronic structure of graphite, a crucial component in battery production. The study's findings highlight the importance of surface effects in bulk intrinsic electronic state measurements, revealing new insights into the material's electrical properties.
Scientists have successfully detected two-dimensional kagome surface states in the material RV6Sn6, offering a new approach to investigating intrinsic physics of kagome lattices. The detection was achieved using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) with real-space resolution.
Researchers at Nagoya City University have detected strongly entangled pair of protons on a nanocrystalline silicon surface. This breakthrough could enable the creation of more qubits and ultra-fast processing for supercomputing applications, revolutionizing quantum computing.
The UCLA-led team has devised a solution to enhance wavelength-conversion efficiency by exploring semiconductor surface states. Incoming light is bent using a nanoantenna array, allowing for easy and efficient conversion of wavelengths.
Scientists experimentally verify exotic surface conduction states in topological semimetals, materials that conduct on the surface but insulate inside. A new study reveals a coupled pair of electronic Weyl orbits under a magnetic field, opening doors to controlling these phenomena via external fields and interface engineering.
Scientists create and experimentally realize a pair of class I acoustic 3D Dirac points, demonstrating surface state dispersion evolution toward Weyl points. The team also designs pseudospin-polarized interface states with chirality inversion, inspiring topological device design.
Researchers at Princeton University discovered Weyl nodes in bulk CoS2, enabling predictions about its surface properties. The material hosts Fermi-arc surface states, which may enable exotic phenomena and places it among materials candidates for use in spintronic devices.
Researchers have developed a single-atom alloy co-catalyst that significantly enhances photocatalytic hydrogen production activity. By precisely controlling the Pt content in the Pd@Pt/MOF composite, they achieved an exceptionally high photocatalytic activity, surpassing its counterparts.
A survey study analyzed the mental state and ocular surface state of ophthalmologists and ophthalmic nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak in China. The results revealed high stress levels among healthcare professionals, which negatively impacted their ocular surface health.
Researchers have created a 3D phononic crystal that hosts symmetry-enforced Dirac points at the Brillouin zone corners. These points exhibit conical dispersion and vanishing density of states around them, making the material an ideal platform for simulating relativistic Dirac physics.
Researchers have identified jacutingaite as a dual-topological insulator, exhibiting both weak and topological crystalline insulator properties. The material's dual nature is attributed to strong interlayer hybridization leading to a novel hopping term, resulting in protected surface states.
Researchers have discovered quasi-1D surface superconductivity in TaIrTe4, a type II Weyl semimetal. This finding offers a novel platform for exploring topological superconductors and may contribute to the development of topological quantum computation.
Two new studies from Princeton researchers and their collaborators chart a course for restoring conductivity in fragile topology materials. The studies provide a theoretical explanation for the phenomenon, revealing that conducting surface states can reappear under specific conditions.
Researchers found that Dirac semimetals exhibit robust, conducting electronic states in 1D, challenging previous conclusions about the nature of these materials. The discovery settles the decades-old problem of whether condensed matter Dirac fermions have topologically protected surface states.
Researchers observe anomalously large superconducting gap (~3.8 meV) in thin films of β-Bi2Pd, compared to bulk single crystals with a smaller gap. First-principle calculations suggest Dirac-fermion-mediated parity mixing may cause this enhancement.
Researchers at Osaka University used angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy to probe samarium hexaboride's unusual surface conductivity. The material exhibits both strong electron correlations and topological insulator properties, enabling the development of quantum spin devices.
Researchers at UNIST have developed a new generation of solar cells using lead-free perovskites, showcasing enhanced efficiency and stability. The study demonstrates that the surface state of Cs2SnI6 is highly redox active, facilitating charge transfer through it.
A new study found that northern and northeastern China's surface temperature has increased, while wind speed decreased from 1961 to 2014. This trend indicates a stable, warm, and windless state of the surface weather conditions over NNEC.
Weyl semimetals are predicted to enable ultrafast electronics due to their unique properties. Researchers at MIPT have successfully described the behavior of surface states in these materials using topological field theory.
Scientists observed anomalous sinking phenomena in apparently fixed powder beds due to local fluidization. The final sunken depth varied with sphere density and air strength. This discovery could lead to the development of dry-type gravity separation technology for separating three objects with different densities.
Scientists have successfully mapped the potential surface of a small molecule, acetone, using resonant inelastic X-ray scattering. This technique provides direct access to the ground state potential energy surface around selected atomic sites, enabling researchers to study hydrogen bonding and its effects on molecular behavior.
A new study reveals extreme disorder in a fundamental property of the surface electrons known as the Dirac mass in ferromagnetic topological insulators. The research found that the disorder is directly related to fluctuations in the density of magnetic dopant atoms on different parts of the crystal surface.
Researchers have shown that tensile strain can lift topological order and compressive strain can shift the Dirac point in Bi2Se3 films, enhancing or destroying Dirac states. This breakthrough suggests new ways to control TI electronic properties by applying stress.
Physicists at U-M create topological insulators by doping bismuth telluride with thallium, enabling control over electrical conductivity and unique surface properties. The new approach reveals the properties of the surface states, opening doors to applications in quantum computing and Majorana fermions.
Topological insulators have surface states that are conducting and possess unique properties, including the Aharanov-Bohm effect. Hybrid structures with superconductors show promise for new physics and technological applications, such as Majorana fermions and fractional Josephson effects.
Researchers at UCLA develop topological insulator nanoribbons to enable high-performance, low-dissipation electronic devices. The team successfully controls surface conduction and demonstrates significant progress toward practical device applications.
Princeton researchers have found unique electrons that can bypass obstacles and flow efficiently on surfaces of certain materials, potentially revolutionizing electronics. This discovery opens the door to creating faster integrated circuits by leveraging the flow of surface electrons.