Articles tagged with Light Sources
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Burning paraffin wax candles can release known human carcinogens into the air, posing health risks. Replacing them with soy or beeswax candles may provide a healthier alternative.
The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory will receive $21.8 million in new funding from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, enabling the construction of an experimental station for studying matter in extreme conditions at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). The funding also supports upgrades and equip...
Researchers create a method to image proteins at ultrafast speeds using x-ray pulses. The technique involves injecting tiny water droplets through a 'particle gun' into the path of bright, brief x-rays, which then diffract off the protein molecules.
Researchers have developed a high-throughput protein pipeline that can analyze 40 proteins in weeks, compared to years with current techniques. This technique allows for the deciphering of extremophiles and better understanding of protein functions.
Researchers have discovered a way to transform shiny metal into black by using intense laser light, creating a new class of material for various applications. This process enhances aircraft performance by cooling electronic systems and allowing planes to dominate in flight.
Researchers observed chemical changes in Desulfovibrio vulgaris cells as they endured air exposure, enabling some to survive through orchestrated metabolic events. This study provides a new window into bacterial adaptation and processes.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute have successfully produced cadmium sulphide particles in microscopically small membrane bubbles, achieving control over nanoparticle size for the first time. The method uses biomimetic compartments similar to cell membranes to synthesize nanoparticles, offering a new approach to optical informati...
Scientists at the University of Saskatchewan and Canadian Light Source have identified a chemical fingerprint associated with Barrett's Esophagus, a precursor to esophageal cancer. The discovery uses infrared microscopy to detect biomarkers in individual cells, offering a new diagnostic tool for detecting the condition.
Lyncean Technologies will develop the Clinical High Resolution Imaging System (CHRIS) using the Compact Light Source's unique x-ray beam. The system aims to detect fine structures in soft tissue for cancer detection and other clinical applications.
Physicists at UCLA have created the world's smallest incandescent lamp, utilizing a single carbon nanotube filament that is only 100 atoms wide. The tiny lamp can study black-body radiation and its structure was imaged using an electron microscope with atomic resolution.
A new research platform at Diamond Light Source will enable cultural heritage scientists to scan and image large relics up to two tonnes in weight with incredible precision. This will help uncover ancient secrets and answer questions about the origin, history, and technology used to create artefacts.
The Compact Light Source has achieved three key milestones: first scientific publication, micro-tomographic images, and protein crystallography data set. These results demonstrate its potential to transform biomedical research with high-intensity, tunable x-ray beams.
The K-State Macdonald Lab is shifting its focus to ultrafast laser science, exploring its potential for molecular engineering, healthcare and energy innovations. Researchers are working to develop optimal laser characteristics to control reactions within molecules.
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have developed a new technique that enables creating detailed high-resolution images of cellular molecules. The method uses high-energy X-ray beams and complex algorithms to overcome current technology limitations.
Researchers at UC San Diego have developed laser-produced light sources for next generation Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (EUVL), which could make the process more efficient, simpler, and cheaper. This breakthrough may lead to advancements in flash memory chips, enabling denser and faster storage.
Scientists at NIST have confirmed that EUV photoresist sensitivity is twice the previously believed value. The finding raises concerns about optical system effectiveness in current demonstration tools. This discovery has significant implications for high-volume manufacturing processes in development.
A new study reveals that short-wavelength light, like natural blue sky light, is highly effective at stimulating the human circadian system. Exposure to multiple wavelengths of light simultaneously can result in less total stimulation compared to viewing individual colors separately, a phenomenon known as spectral opponency.
Mathematicians Dmitry Khavinson and Genevra Neumann describe how their work on the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra led them to questions in astrophysics, specifically gravitational lensing. Their result resolves a conjecture of Sun Hong Rhie, establishing that the number of zeros of certain rational harmonic functions is 5n - 5.
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt have made the first measurement of entangled states in nitrogen, resolving a long-standing debate on electron localization. The study uses COLTRIMS technology to probe the pathways of two electrons, demonstrating that electron location can only be determined for the complete system.
Researchers at the Canadian Light Source synchrotron have determined the structure of the enzyme responsible for the Norwalk virus's genetic replication. This breakthrough could lead to the development of drugs that can effectively treat outbreaks of this highly contagious and untreatable bug.
PETRA III will be one of the world's leading sources for short-wavelength X-rays, enabling innovative research in medicine, materials science, and molecular biology. The new facility will feature 14 experimental stations and a unique combination of light sources, attracting scientists from Germany and abroad.
The Department of Energy has made significant progress in deploying key scientific facilities to capture world scientific leadership. The updated Facilities for the Future of Science: A 20-Year Outlook highlights the agency's commitment to advancing research in fields like fusion energy, advanced computing, and materials science.
Scientists generate most energetic terahertz pulses ever produced, allowing for the observation of cross-phase modulation and opening up new possibilities for materials research and light source technologies. The breakthrough could lead to innovations in fields such as biological molecule imaging and homeland security.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory developed a bio-friendly nano-sized light source capable of emitting coherent visible light across the visible spectrum. This innovation enables single cell endoscopy, integrated circuitry for nanophotonic technology, and advanced methods of cyber cryptography.
A new fiber-based light source promises to improve the inspection of food, produce, paper, currency, recyclables and other products by providing a bright, rectangular beam of light. This design enables line-scan cameras to sort products at higher speeds with improved accuracy.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory have successfully generated extremely short light pulses using a new technique that could be used in the next generation of light source facilities. The team observed superradiance, a phenomenon where light intensity grows as it interacts with an electron beam.
Researchers develop innovative process to combine low-energy photons in sunlight into higher-energy shortwave photons, boosting solar cells' efficiency. This breakthrough could enable the use of previously lost light energy, leading to a significant increase in solar cell efficiency.
Researchers at the University of Central Florida have successfully demonstrated an extreme ultraviolet light source with 30 times the power of previous attempts. This breakthrough has significant implications for the next generation of computer chip production, as EUV light sources are critical components in stepper machines used to pr...
A new method for rendering realistic hair in computer animation has been developed by Cornell researchers, allowing for more accurate simulations of light scattering and diffusion. This breakthrough reduces computation time by 87.5%, enabling the creation of more realistic blond and light-colored hairstyles.
Scientists create new OLED technology that enables 100% efficiency and prolongs lifetime by using a fluorescent dye, paving the way for mass-manufacturable, low-cost lighting solutions. The invention has the potential to revolutionize interior lighting and transform ceilings into giant light panels.
The CLS prototype has successfully produced its first X-ray beam, demonstrating the feasibility of compact synchrotrons. This breakthrough offers new opportunities for researchers to access high-quality, tunable x-ray beams in university and industrial labs.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute are developing smart lighting sources with improved spectral power distribution, polarization, and color temperature to enable new functions in various fields. These innovations have the potential to reduce energy consumption, dependency on oil, and greenhouse gas emissions.
A new lensless imaging technique has been demonstrated, allowing for direct imaging of ultra-fast changes in the collective behavior of atoms and molecules at the nanoscale. The technique uses coherent X-ray light to achieve 10 times better spatial resolution than current methods.
Researchers at Wright State University have discovered a way to convert zinc oxide, commonly used in baby powder, into a light-emitting source. This breakthrough has the potential to replace traditional lighting with a more efficient and cost-effective option, resulting in significant power savings of up to $12 billion per year.
Rensselaer researchers have developed an omni-directional reflector (ODR) that enhances LED brightness, accelerating the replacement of conventional lighting. The new technology has significant implications for energy savings and reducing mercury exposure, which can cause health problems.
NIST's new portable 'rainbow' source enables precise color calibration across the entire visible light spectrum, addressing uncertainty in instruments measuring ocean and atmospheric properties. The highly portable source has been ordered by NOAA to reduce uncertainties in satellite calibrations.
Lyncean Technologies announces a tabletop synchrotron light source, Compact Light Source, to boost scientific productivity and enable new medical imaging techniques. The Compact Light Source is a breakthrough in X-ray technology developed on licensed technology from Stanford Linear Accelerator Center.
NIST has developed a way to accurately measure retroreflectivity, resolving measurement problems that hindered defining minimum standards. The new facility will provide calibration services early in 2004.
Researchers at Jefferson Lab are conducting an experiment to demonstrate energy recovery, which could lead to more efficient and powerful accelerators. By recirculating high-energy electrons, they aim to reduce RF energy usage while maintaining beam quality.
Scientists at the NSLS have made significant discoveries, including the structure of anthrax's edema factor protein and a mechanism for high-temperature superconductivity. Researchers are also developing more efficient compounds to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions and creating new methods for examining protein structures.
Physicists have discovered that entangled photons, a phenomenon in quantum physics, can create smaller features on lithographic masks than classical physics allows. This breakthrough could enable manufacturers to continue miniaturizing and speeding up computer chips, potentially breaking the Moore's law barrier.
Fred Schubert's Photon Recycling Semiconductor Light-Emitting Diode (PRS-LED) combines up to three wavelengths of light to produce highly efficient, long-lasting white light. The PRS-LED is 15-20 times more efficient than conventional bulbs and has a lifespan predicted to last up to 50 years.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have successfully produced sub-picosecond pulses of synchrotron light, extending the spectral range from infrared to x-ray wavelengths. The technique enables scientists to capture atomic motion and chemical reactions on a timescale almost incomprehensibly short.
Researchers at Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics successfully produce novel molecule by trapping single atom between two mirrors with highly reflecting surfaces. The molecule is created when an individual atom absorbs a light quantum and forms a bound state, exhibiting periodic energy exchange with the light field.
Scientists confirmed the presence of oxygen VI in the galactic halo, indicating extremely high temperatures approaching half a million degrees Fahrenheit. The discovery provides strong evidence for supernovas pumping hot gas into the corona, supporting a long-held hypothesis about the galaxy's recycling process.
A new Hubble image captures the entire stellar life cycle in a single photograph, showcasing various stages of star formation and evolution. The galaxy NGC 3603 is home to multiple starburst clusters, young massive stars, and a blue supergiant nearing its supernova fate.
Astronomers have detected the first observational evidence for hypernova remnants in galaxy M101. The two remnants, MF83 and NGC5471B, are among the largest known supernova remnants and have X-ray luminosities about an order of magnitude brighter than brightest supernovae.
A team of scientists has discovered a young and previously unknown supernova remnant located just 700 light years away from the Vela supernova remnant. The remnant is exceptionally close to Earth, with an age of at most 1500 years, making it the nearest supernova remnant to have occurred during recent human history.
Researchers found that ultraviolet light triggers a harmful chemical reaction in the skin, leading to premature aging and cancer. The study reveals that a natural component of human skin, previously thought to be a 'nature's sunscreen,' actually contributes to skin damage.
Astronomers used an instrument to collect light from 1000 objects, discovering seven compact blue galaxies beyond 2 billion light years away
Researchers capture first 'snapshots' of protein molecule converting light into chemical energy in under one billionth of a second. The breakthrough could lead to new optical computer mechanisms and insights into biomolecules.
Researchers at the University of Florida have built a 300-foot experimental runway to study the effects of lightning strikes on existing runway lighting systems. The runway, equipped with various lighting systems, will be struck by lightning-induced electrical discharges from rockets launched into dark skies.
A handheld laser device can detect sickle-cell anemia and track cell structure changes, distinguishing between cancerous and non-cancerous cells. The device is expected to reduce analysis time for victims of terrorist biological or chemical attacks, facilitating prompt treatment.
Researchers have created a new tool to correct distortions in microscopes, allowing for enhanced resolution and accuracy in studying tiny surfaces. The innovation uses an electron mirror to cancel aberrations caused by lenses, leading to practical applications such as smaller miniature probes and improved instruments.
Researchers have discovered a powerful energy source inside the nucleus of a Seyfert galaxy, challenging previous theories and providing new insights into the formation of galaxies. The findings suggest that both types of Seyfert galaxies may harbor quasars, with the power source located behind an obscuring 'fat torus' or doughnut girdle.