Researchers retrieved clues to ancient ocean chemistry and global greenhouse gas accumulation from 130-million-year-old sediments. The study provides a high-resolution record of seawater sulfate changes, shedding light on the interactions between the Earth's atmosphere, land, and ocean systems during the Cretaceous period.
A German Border collie named Rico demonstrated a vocabulary size comparable to that of language-trained apes, dolphins, sea lions, and parrots. The dog learned the names of unfamiliar toys after just one exposure, using fast mapping abilities similar to those seen in human language acquisition.
Researchers at the University of Oregon have developed a method to organize small gold nanoparticles into linear chains with controlled interparticle spacing, essential for creating electronic and optical applications. The technique uses DNA as a template and has high reproducibility, tolerance for structural defects, and high yield.
A recent study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that overexpressing a selenium-containing enzyme in mice led to insulin resistance and obesity. The researchers suggest that antioxidants, like selenium, may be harmful by neutralizing free radicals necessary for insulin signaling.
Researchers found that genes critical for learning and memory are reduced in older brains, while those associated with stress and repair mechanisms are elevated. These changes suggest that gene damage may be contributing to age-related cognitive decline.
Research suggests a link between seasonal variations and the timing of menopause, with spring and autumn equinoxes showing a significant peak in menstrual cycle cessation. The study's findings support the idea that environmental factors play a role in regulating female reproductive functions during declining fertility.
A randomized controlled trial found that yoga is as effective as aerobic exercise in improving measures of fatigue in multiple sclerosis patients. The study also showed improvements in physical health and quality of life among participants.
Schwartz aims to develop a computer model of self-assembly within cells, which will help researchers understand mechanisms controlling chemical reactions and identify promising drugs that can target viruses effectively. The grant also supports teaching advanced methods in biological modeling and simulation.
Researchers found that older adults with Alzheimer's symptoms can still use implicit memory to perform tasks, similar to young adults. By training these individuals using repetition and practice, their performance can be improved, according to a new study.
The detection of molecular nitrogen in interstellar clouds promises to enhance our knowledge of interstellar chemistry and the formation of planets. FUSE, a satellite-telescope designed at Johns Hopkins, allowed astronomers to probe dense clouds where N2 is expected to be dominant.
Researchers found that under drought conditions, tropical forests and desert ecosystems have similar maximum rain-use efficiency, a measure of total plant growth per unit of precipitation. This discovery indicates an upper limit to ecosystem productivity, which may impact climate change scenarios.
Researchers have identified two types of hub proteins, 'party' and 'date', which interact with partner proteins in different ways. The study's findings suggest that removing non-hub proteins has little effect, while eliminating hubs causes a significant increase in connection length, implying a more complex network structure.
The oldest Antarctic ice core has been analyzed, revealing eight ice ages and warmer periods over the past 740,000 years. The study's findings suggest that without human influence, the present warm period could last at least another 15,000 years.
A new study found that the brain's amygdala interacts with memory-related brain regions during emotional memory formation, contributing to its emotional resonance. The researchers discovered a significant correlation between activity in emotion- and memory-related brain regions during emotional memory formation.
Deforestation in the Amazon leads to faster land heating, causing localized upward motions that enhance cloud formation and increase rainfall. The effects are most pronounced during the dry-to-wet season transition period.
A breakthrough in brain-machine interface technique uses electrocorticographic (ECoG) activity to record brain surface signals, enabling humans to control computers with their minds. The study achieved high accuracy rates and promises potential applications in prosthetic limb control for individuals with disabilities.
Scientists have identified a genetic basis for alcohol response in roundworms, discovering that subtle variations in the NPR-1 gene affect tolerance. The study found that strains with higher levels of NPR-1 protein exhibit reduced ability to recover from alcohol exposure.
A novel mutant gene variant of MLH1 significantly increases the risk of colon cancer among Israeli patients, with a 40-percent lifetime risk. Researchers discovered the gene in Sephardic and Ashkenazi Jews, Muslim and Christian Arabs, and other ethnic groups, suggesting its widespread presence globally.
The new EPICA ice core provides a complete record of the past interglacial period, allowing scientists to study it in detail. This will help separate human-caused impacts from natural climate fluctuations, providing valuable insights into climate change and its effects.
Researchers found that Cox-2 inhibitors slowed disease progression in men with recurrent prostate cancer by inhibiting tumor growth and increasing programmed cell death. The study showed significant results in 22 of 24 patients, with a 92% reduction in PSA levels after three months.
Researchers will test the effectiveness of a mechanical chest compression device to treat out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest. The study aims to improve survival rates, which have remained stagnant for 30 years, and has the potential to benefit millions.
Scientists discovered that certain brain systems remain intact in individuals with Alzheimer's disease, enabling the retention of implicit memory capabilities. Structured training programs may be an effective approach to improving cognitive function.
A low-cost robotic vehicle has been designed to detect land mines in rough terrain, marking their location with a spray of paint. The device can be controlled from up to 500 feet away and is estimated to cost $1,000 or less, including detection sensors.
A recent study suggests that exercise is the predominant lifestyle determinant of bone strength in young women, with daily calcium intake showing little impact on adult bone mass. The research found that physical activity accounted for between 16% and 22% of variation in hip bone mineral density and bending strength.
A study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology found that maternal grandmothers are closer to their grandchildren than other grandparents. The researchers discovered that preferential investment stems from genetic uncertainty, with maternal grandmothers being the closest followed by paternal grandfathers.
Researchers have identified a possible connection between the IRF1 gene and tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. By adding interferon to antiestrogen therapy, tumors may become sensitive to treatment, potentially inhibiting new cancers or disease reoccurrences.
Research found that women's intercourse frequency increased during fertile days, peaking at ovulation. The study of 68 women over three months showed a 24% increase in intercourse during fertile days compared to the rest of the cycle.
Boston University's CMLD program develops methodologies for diverse, high-quality chemical libraries needed for biological research and drug discovery. The e-lab notebook provides web-based access to protocols and tools for outside researchers to synthesize new compounds.
Physicists have developed a new method to calculate top quark mass with improved precision, allowing researchers to explore the previously inaccessible energy range of the Higgs boson. This breakthrough could lead to a better understanding of how particles acquire mass and solve one of science's great conundrums.
A team led by Tohru Saito will install an upgraded weather station on Mt. McKinley, measuring relative humidity, barometric pressure, and wind speed from an outcrop at 19,000 feet elevation. The station will transmit data every 30 minutes to IARC and be available worldwide.
Researchers found thimerosal exposure in mice led to autism-like behaviors, including abnormal responses to environments and brain abnormalities. The study suggests a potential connection between genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers for autism, highlighting the need for further research and intervention strategies.
Researchers will examine submicroscopic bubbles in Martian meteorites to search for evidence of water on Mars. They will also use a new instrument to predict future volcanic eruptions by analyzing fluid inclusions in rocks.
Researchers developed a simple, pocket-sized risk-prediction tool to calculate the chances of dying within six months for patients after a heart attack or unstable chest pain episode. The tool combines nine variables and has been proven accurate in predicting patient outcomes.
Researchers developed a practical risk score to predict survival in patients with advanced dementia, considering factors like Activities of Daily Living score, sex, cancer, and oxygen therapy need. The tool offers an improvement over existing guidelines, providing reasonable accuracy for estimating six-month prognosis.
Researchers found that women with ovarian cancer typically experience symptoms 20-30 times per month and have more severe and recent-onset symptoms. In contrast, women with benign masses or controls have fewer and milder symptoms.
The University of South Florida's (USF) PhD program in health education has been ranked one of the top programs in the nation, according to a recent study. The program excelled in both student and faculty variables, including publications, editorships, and external research funding.
Research shows that hospital employees' casual conversations about patient cases can breach patient privacy, leading to identity theft and social stigma. The study highlights the need for healthcare providers to teach privacy awareness and skills.
Researchers found that expressing LARGE protein in cells from patients with distinct gene defects can restore alpha-dystroglycan's ability to bind to the extracellular matrix, leading to improved muscle structure and function. This approach may have clinical benefits for patients with muscular dystrophy.
The study found that minority groups are underrepresented in cancer clinical trials, with Hispanic patients representing only 3.1% of trial participants. Additionally, elderly patients, both minorities and whites, were strikingly underrepresented compared to their younger counterparts.
Research found that adults with high blood concentrations of lead or cadmium were almost three times more likely to develop peripheral artery disease, a condition similar to coronary artery disease. The study suggests that low-level exposure to these metals may be problematic in terms of cardiovascular disease risk.
Researchers found that approximately 50% of gemcitabine dose was converted to an active form, while the remaining 50% remained inactive. This discovery highlights the need for alternative treatment schedules for cancer patients undergoing gemcitabine infusions.
A study of 2,115 male patients found that symptoms like urgency and weak urine stream are strongly associated with sexual dysfunction, but not sex drive. The findings may help researchers develop new treatments for both lower urinary tract symptoms and sexual dysfunction.
The new web site features a discussion forum, image gallery, and interviews with prominent researchers discussing the state of the science. It also includes information on degree programs, funding opportunities, and conferences, making it a valuable resource for biogeoscience enthusiasts and professionals.
Astrophysicists have found a solution to the long-standing problem of dwarf galaxies in supercomputer simulations, validating the cold dark matter theory. The new simulations suggest that small dwarf galaxies could have been more massive in the past and formed stars before being consumed by larger galaxies.
A University of Michigan researcher suggests that obesity in developing nations is a result of the body's attempts to cope with childhood malnourishment. The phenomenon is similar to yo-yo dieting, where dieters who have deprived themselves gain weight at faster rates than non-dieters when they begin eating normally again.
The study found that cancer research participation is low across all patient groups, particularly among the elderly, racial and ethnic minorities, and women. The analysis of data from the National Cancer Institute Clinical Trial Cooperative Group revealed significant disparities in trial enrollment rates by age, sex, and racial/ethnic ...
The study found that 85% of cancer patients use prayer as a common non-medical therapy for healing, while 25% change their diets or use mega-vitamins to improve their health. Patients often don't discuss these therapies with their doctors due to communication gaps.
A small clinical trial showed that 22 out of 27 patients experienced improvement in symptoms such as weakness and pain after taking pentoxifylline for eight weeks. Researchers believe the drug may help reduce inflammation and improve quality of life for those with radiation fibrosis.
A new paper by Chris Phoenix and K. Eric Drexler argues that self-replication is not necessary for building an efficient molecular manufacturing system, contrary to previous understanding. Instead, simple robot-arms in larger factories are a more practical solution.
A recent study by Cohn et al. found that 82 percent of U.S. homes contain mouse allergens, with kitchen floors being the most contaminated area. The study, conducted across the entire country, highlights the need for clinicians to consider rodent and cockroach problems as risk factors when treating allergy and asthma patients.
A study using earstones reveals that both totoaba and gulf corvina rely on brackish water in the Colorado River estuary for their early life, which is now threatened by freshwater diversion. The research provides evidence of human impact on these species' decline.
The winners operate in the UAE, Australia, Barbados, and Indonesia, showcasing a balance between tourism and nature conservation. The awards recognize companies making significant contributions to protecting natural areas, cultural heritage, and promoting sustainable tourism.
In Volvox carteri, colonies become sexual when exposed to high temperatures, releasing pheromones to guarantee mating partners. This response is linked to the activation of the sex-inducer gene, which promotes the production of a pheromone in reaction to increased oxidants produced by free radicals.
A study of 223 patients with early-stage, initially untreated prostate cancer found that disease progression increased significantly after 15 years of follow-up. After 10-15 years, most cancers had an indolent course, but progression rates decreased over time.
Nearly half of patients prescribed statins fail to fill their prescriptions often enough or stop taking the drug altogether due to high out-of-pocket costs. Co-pay levels above $20 increase the likelihood of non-adherence, with four times more patients stopping medication when co-pays exceed $20 compared to those under $10.
A recent study highlights the importance of implementing sanitary growing and harvesting conditions worldwide to reduce the risk of human disease outbreaks linked to fresh produce. Plant pathologists emphasize the need for good quality irrigation water and sanitary worker conditions, particularly as international imports increase.
A new study reveals that children with Progeria experience progressive nuclear structure and function defects due to the accumulation of defective Lamin A protein. The findings provide critical insights into the cause of heart disease and cellular aging in this fatal disease.
Researchers developed a reliable animal model to test new drugs for retinoblastoma, a deadly childhood cancer. The model has already identified a promising new treatment being studied in clinical trials.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory found that adding calcium to a high-temperature superconductor increases its ability to carry electric current. The study used a YBCO bicrystal and transmission electron microscope to visualize the effects of calcium doping on grain boundaries, revealing a 35% increase in current flow.
Researchers found that a caterpillar's adaptation to a specific fruit's chemical composition allows it to survive without triggering the plant's defense mechanism, providing a stable food supply. This unique dietary preference also shields the caterpillar from parasites, enabling it to thrive in an otherwise hostile environment.