Research found that southwest Greenland Ice Sheet movement decreased by 12% between 2007 and 2014, despite increasing surface melt. The study suggests that further increases in melting may not speed up the ice sheet's flow due to drainage channels established at its base.
Researchers found that rockweed substrate drenches significantly improved postharvest shelf life of petunia and tomato transplants. In contrast, foliar sprays showed no effect on drought tolerance. The study recommends using seaweed extracts as a substrate drench to enhance plant growth.
Researchers have developed a new way to enhance the effectiveness of antigen-based vaccines by mimicking the natural arrangement of multiple TLR agonists. This triply-linked activator more effectively triggers an immune response than mixing individual components, paving the way for improved vaccine design.
Research suggests that retroviral long-terminal-repeat promoters may contribute to the emergence of hepatocellular carcinoma. The study found that these elements are highly activated in liver cancer tumors and non-tumor tissue from patients with different etiologies, including viral hepatitis or alcohol use.
UC Davis researchers develop ultra-low-power sensors with near-zero power consumption, targeting continuous and passive monitoring of environments. The goal is to extend sensor lifetime from months to years, enabling always-on sensing without significant power drain.
Researchers found that living environments contribute to health disparities among US men, with integrated communities showing less difference in behaviors compared to national data. Socio-economic factors and environmental conditions play a significant role in explaining racial disparities.
The James Webb Space Telescope's Integrated Science Instrument Module has begun its final cryogenic test at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. The test, which will last several months, aims to ensure the instruments are ready for flight and can withstand the extreme temperatures they will encounter in space.
New data suggests that ancient humans played a role in the extinction of large mammals, birds and lizards in Australia. The study's findings place human predation as the most likely cause, with a 10,000-year lag between human arrival and impact on megafauna.
The electric eel has been found to possess intricate maneuvering techniques, allowing it to double its electrical shock on larger prey. Its electrical system also enables remote control over prey muscles, producing strong muscle contractions. The eel uses high-voltage pulses to track fast-moving prey and detect hidden meals.
Researchers have identified specific combinations of integrins associated with metastasis to certain organs, including lungs and liver. These 'zip code' proteins guide tumour cells to specific locations, supporting Paget's 'seed and soil' theory.
A new study reveals that 38% of state public health workers plan to leave the workforce by 2020, with those aged 25-40, racial and ethnic minorities, and those with fewer than 10 years of experience being most likely to exit. The study also highlights pay disparities between different groups in the public health sector.
Researchers have identified a new way to trigger the instructions given by the muscle protein dystrophin, which is found in muscles used for movement and in cardiac muscle cells. The study suggests using drugs that activate AMPK signaling to bypass defective steps in the protein complex pathway.
A UMass Amherst biologist is developing a new liver model using extra-embryonic tissue to study liver function and mechanisms. The model, which uses tissues from the yolk sac, offers a simpler alternative to traditional liver models, allowing for more efficient analysis of gene expression and protein production.
Researchers at the University of Rochester developed a method to analyze Instagram data to expose underage drinking patterns and demographic trends. The study found that teenagers consume alcohol more on weekends and holidays, and that different brands are followed by varying demographics.
A new study suggests that variations in complex carbohydrates found in breast milk, called human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), are associated with variations in infant growth and obesity. Higher levels of certain HMOs at 6 months of age were linked to greater fat mass, while others were protective against obesity.
A new study found that older adults were better than young adults at correcting their factual errors, with improved performance on low-confidence errors. This challenges the notion that older adults are less accurate and suggests a focus of attention driven by a desire to prioritize truth over confidence.
Climate shifts may drive up temperatures in Hawaii, allowing mosquitos into high elevation habitats where native vegetation persists. 20 Hawaiian forest bird species risk losing more than 50% of their range under climate change scenarios.
A new study finds that polygynous households in northern Tanzania have better access to food and healthier children, as well as more cattle and farmed land. However, the practice is associated with low food security and poor child health in marginalized ethnic groups.
A new study from the University of Michigan Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation found that nearly all nonprofit hospitals have written charity care policies, but many fail to notify patients about their potential eligibility or charge them fairly. Hospitals in states without expanded Medicaid reported having less generous ch...
Premature birth can be lifesaving with TPN, but it also causes liver damage. Dr. Ajay Jain is studying ways to prevent TPN-related complications in newborns.
A group of 17 US scientists has formed the Unified Microbiome Initiative to coordinate microbial research and inform funding recommendations. The initiative aims to integrate research objectives across disciplines to better understand the role of microbes in human health and ecological systems.
Researchers successfully mimic quantum entanglement using a laser pointer, doubling data speed in laser communication. The team demonstrated nonseparability of the laser beam's shape and polarization, enabling encoding of two bits of information.
Frequently monitoring goal progress boosts likelihood of achievement, as does publicly reporting or physically recording it. Researchers found prompting participants to monitor their progress improves behavioral performance and attaining goals.
Computer scientists at Columbia Engineering and Harvard have developed an algorithm to 3D print vibrational sounds by optimizing the shape of objects. The 'zoolophone' is a metallophone with keys in the shape of zoo animals that produces professional-sounding notes.
Researchers developed an approach to predict human genome variation by compiling data from 46 vertebrate species and applying evolutionary probability analysis. The method predicts probable mutations and identifies evolutionarily improbable variations, which may be strong candidates for adaptive evolution.
A study published in JAMA Psychiatry found that adults with schizophrenia are more than 3.5 times as likely to die as the general population, particularly due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. The research also highlights tobacco use as a key modifiable risk factor for premature death among individuals with schizophrenia.
A NASA team analyzed seven Apollo samples and found amino acids at low concentrations, likely from terrestrial sources. Isotopic analysis and molecular orientation revealed a stronger connection to Earth than previously thought, ruling out the solar wind and lunar module exhaust as sources.
Economically disadvantaged, non-English speaking Latino immigrant neighborhoods are disproportionately exposed to toxic air pollution in the US. Liévanos' study reveals a one-in-three chance of high-level air pollution in these areas.
A new study found that using e-cigarettes is related to problematic drinking, with women more likely to use them socially. The researchers suggest that e-cigarette use could make it harder for people with alcohol addiction to quit drinking.
A new study published in Social Science & Medicine suggests that having skills and freedom at work is linked to lower BMI and smaller waist size, while needing to make many decisions is linked to bigger waist size. The findings highlight the importance of considering job control components separately when assessing their impact on health.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have identified a way to test RNA and specific genetic signatures in amniotic fluid to determine fetal lung maturity. This test could help doctors decide when it is safe to deliver premature babies, allowing for better preparation and care for neonatal morbidities.
Researchers found that intestinal worm infections can increase short-chain fatty acid production, activating receptors that influence the immune system. This discovery highlights the microbiome as a new pathway for helminths to modulate host immune function.
A pharmacy-led glycemic control program is linked to improved outcomes for surgical patients with diabetes, including fewer complications and readmissions. Patients in the program had better blood sugar control, reduced hospital readmissions, and lower medical costs.
A study found that patients with glaucoma can adapt their visual scanning behavior to compensate for impaired vision and pass a standard driving test. By making more frequent head and eye movements, they can improve traffic safety and potentially be granted a driver's license in some countries.
Carnegie Mellon researchers find that practicing route-learning leads to structural brain changes in the hippocampus and improves functional connectivity between brain areas. This study establishes a critical link between spatial learning and brain alterations, providing new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive maps.
Australian researchers have found a way to boost influenza A vaccine effectiveness by adding an adjuvant, which stimulates both innate and adaptive immunity. The additive provides cross-protective capabilities, reducing the ability of the virus to infect cells and spread.
A new study suggests that lower doses of parabens, commonly found in personal care products, may stimulate breast cancer cell growth at concentrations 100 times lower than previously thought. The researchers also found that parabens can interact with other agents to increase breast cancer risk.
Researchers found that female mongooses with high stress hormone levels have fewer pups survive their first month. The study provides insight into the effects of maternal stress on offspring survival in cooperative animal societies.
Researchers found that children with mild to severe hearing loss have poorer language development than their peers, but provide well-fit hearing aids can help. Optimal early services enable hard of hearing children to catch up or close gaps with hearing peers.
Researchers have finally tracked adult American eels in the Sargasso Sea, solving a 100-year-old mystery. The study reveals that eels use magnetic field detection to navigate their 2,400km journey from Nova Scotia to the reproduction site.
Every year, thousands of people in impoverished communities die from snakebites due to the unavailability and high cost of anti-venom treatment. Despite efforts to address this issue, many countries remain unable to provide affordable solutions.
Recent policy changes in Europe's agricultural sector could lead to higher sugar prices, increased production of high-fructose corn syrup, and more affordable sugary foods. This may disproportionately affect lower socioeconomic groups and widen health inequalities.
Researchers created a compact photonic switch on silicon nanostructures, enabling ultrafast optical pulse switching at femtosecond rates. This device could revolutionize computing by transferring data at tens and hundreds terabits per second, outperforming traditional electronic devices.
A University of Sussex study reveals that rehearsing information immediately after being given it strengthens memory, as the posterior cingulate region of the brain activates when laying down and rehearsing a memory. This area integrates episodic details into knowledge and understanding, making memories resistant to forgetting.
Researchers at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center are studying cooling techniques for 3-D integrated circuits, which will be stacked on top of each other like skyscrapers. The team aims to develop methods that can efficiently remove heat from these tightly packed chips, which is essential for space-based applications.
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed a 'spring-mass' walking system that combines passive dynamics with computer control, allowing robots to blindly react to rough terrain and maintain balance. The technology has the potential to enhance legged robots and enable new roles in industries such as manufacturing and firefig...
Researchers studied a 320-million-year-old fossil using X-ray microscopy, revealing evidence of its digestive system for the first time. The discovery sheds light on the early evolutionary history of echinoderms and highlights previously unknown differences between ancient and modern species.
Research in India and Democratic Republic of the Congo found that households with continuous piped water supplies had lower rates of dysentery and typhoid fever, but no association with overall diarrheal illness or child growth. Interrupting water supply can negate health benefits.
A Dartmouth-led study investigates the resonance of relativistic electrons with electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves in the Van Allen radiation belts. The findings reveal that low proton temperature is the primary factor influencing the lower minimum resonant energy, contrary to previous assumptions about high density.
A study by Aalto University and the University of Oxford reveals that bodily maps of touch are tightly linked to social relationships, with pleasure caused by touching influencing what areas can be touched. The results highlight the importance of non-verbal communication in maintaining social relationships.
A new study found an association between prolonged TV viewing and increased risk of death from most major causes, including cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and Parkinson's disease. The researchers suggested that sedentary behavior may be an indicator of overall physical inactivity.
A new study spanning two generations in the US found that women have surpassed men in bachelor's-degree attainment and white-collar jobs, yet continue to earn less. Women have increased their mobility across generations better than men, leading to a gender revolution in education and job attainment.
MyICU provides a two-way communication platform for patients and family members to access important information, share updates, and request meetings with the care team. The app also includes a journal section where patients can record personal and medical information after discharge, facilitating healing and recovery.
Seals are having no significant impact on commercial fish populations off the south and west coasts of Ireland, according to a new study. The researchers found that seals primarily eat smaller fish, which are abundant in numbers, thereby not competing with fishermen for the valuable stocks.
Wayne State University has received a $3 million NSF grant to transform its STEM teaching approaches, incorporating evidence-based instructional practices. The goal is to enhance student engagement, retention, and graduation rates, particularly for underrepresented minorities.
The UC3M is investigating a system that replicates human behavior. This technology could be used to predict social crises, create more realistic robots and AI avatars. The project aims to understand individual behavior using experiments with thousands of participants.
Researchers discovered a protein called Zmiz1 that sticks to the Notch gene, triggering its cancer function. Deleting Zmiz1 from Notch eliminates the cancer effect while preserving normal health functions.
Researchers discovered that inhibiting cGAS enzyme rescues mice from two lethal autoimmune diseases, suggesting a new therapy for AGS and SLE. The findings build on previous studies identifying cGAS as a sensor of innate immunity, paving the way for potential treatments.
Researchers found that insulin stimulates the release of dopamine in the brain, leading to a feeling of pleasure. The study also suggests that people may choose high-carb or low-fat meals based on their insulin levels, potentially affecting weight and type II diabetes.
Experts at UEG Week 2015 reveal compelling evidence of the link between excess body weight and colorectal cancer risk. Men who gained at least 10 cm in waist circumference over 10 years experienced a nearly 60% increased CRC risk, with obesity doubling this risk for those with Lynch Syndrome.