A visual aid designed for parents of children with minor head injuries helped them communicate with emergency medicine physicians and make informed decisions about their child's care. Parents who used the decision aid had better understanding of symptoms, relative risk of brain injury, and pros and cons of CT scans.
Researchers used deep convolutional neural networks to discriminate between signal and background tracks in the PandaX-III experiment, improving detection efficiency by 62% compared to traditional methods. The technique enhances our understanding of neutrinos and their role in matter-antimatter asymmetry.
A study by New York University researchers found that training business managers and staff to recognize signs of an overdose and administer naloxone can save lives. The intervention, which included a 90-minute training session, improved participants' knowledge and attitudes towards responding to overdoses.
The Morris Animal Foundation is providing $850,000 in grants to support critical health challenges facing wildlife, including lead poisoning and a newly discovered cancer. These studies will help ensure the survival of endangered species through improved veterinary care and disease prevention.
A new study found all ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from US retail meat were resistant to at least three antimicrobial classes, carrying various types of CTX-M type ESBL genes. The presence in food-producing animals and retail meat supplies may contribute to a greater incidence of infections.
Exposure to artificial light at night increases fish's willingness to take risks, emerging quicker from hiding places and swimming in riskier areas. However, it does not affect their social behavior or swimming speed.
A new outbreak of Acanthamoeba keratitis has been identified in contact lens wearers, with a threefold increase in cases since 2011. Poor hygiene, contaminated water, and improper use of contact lenses are linked to the risk of developing the disease.
A new SLAS Technology special issue showcases life sciences researchers who are using IoT technologies to optimize laboratory systems. The articles explore various applications of IoT in laboratories, including end-to-end sample tracking, automation, and instrument design.
Researchers at CSU will develop an economic model to identify how different groups may gain or lose water access due to changing water availability and allocation rules. The goal is to inform decisions by modeling various scenarios of water supply and allocation.
The SWEEPER robot, developed by an international research consortium, can harvest ripe fruit in 24 seconds with a success rate of 62 percent. Additional research is needed to increase work speed and reach higher harvest success rates.
Researchers at Wayne State University have developed a nanoplatform technology that works in combination with existing chemotherapeutic drugs to reverse drug-resistance in renal cell carcinoma. The technology uses tumor hypoxia-directed nanoparticles to target the root cause of the problem and has shown promising results in animal trials.
Researchers developed a neural-network model that perceives contextual optical illusions like humans, advancing knowledge of human visual system. The model includes feedback connections between neurons, which improve artificial vision by addressing context-dependent weaknesses.
Researchers found that 86% of patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma showed elevated T cell activity after receiving the DNA vaccine. The study also describes a patient who developed metastatic disease but achieved remission after anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.
A study published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine found that using solid fuels for cooking is linked to a higher risk of hospitalization or death from respiratory diseases. The research, conducted in China, suggests that switching to clean-burning fuels can significantly lower this risk.
The European Academy of Cancer Sciences (EACS) has issued a position paper to improve cancer research and care in Europe. The paper emphasizes the need for coordinated efforts between researchers, healthcare systems, and policymakers to decrease cancer incidence and increase cure rates.
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine shed light on mechanisms underlying prion disease progression and identified a potential target for treatment. Inhibiting p38 MAPKα enzyme prevents nerve connection damage and promotes recovery.
Scientists at Boston Children's Hospital have identified a potential new treatment for adenoid cystic carcinoma by targeting the MYB gene in zebrafish. The study found that retinoic acid derivatives effectively shut off the MYB gene, slowing tumor growth and validating its efficacy in human cells.
A study of 50,000 people found that over 80% of those with identifiable genetic risk for breast, ovarian, prostate, and pancreatic cancer are unaware they carry the gene. The findings highlight the need for effective DNA-based screening to identify high-risk individuals before a cancer diagnosis.
Researchers developed innovative business models for space-related start-ups, including DIT Space, which commercialized satellite images and created competitive advantages. The study highlights the growth of space entrepreneurship worldwide, with a focus on Central America.
A new HIV immunotherapy study has demonstrated the safety and tolerability of a cell therapy approach involving ex vivo expansion of T cells. The study found that the treatment was well-tolerated with few adverse events, although no significant enhancement of the magnitude of the HIV-specific immune response was observed.
A recent study used an artificial intestine to investigate how changes in diet affect the microbiome. The research found that a switch from a western diet to one composed exclusively of dietary fats led to increased populations of fatty-acid metabolizing bacteria and decreased production of short chain fatty acids, which are compounds ...
Researchers developed an image averaging method to enhance low-quality CCTV footage, significantly improving human and computer facial recognition accuracy. The technique allows for a standardized way to create digital snapshots from multiple camera angles, aiding law enforcement in suspect identification.
Dr. Boukrina is investigating the role of reading deficits in aphasia rehabilitation, developing benchmarks for identifying high-risk patients and exploring effective treatment options. Her research aims to improve cognition, mobility, and long-term outcomes for individuals with neurological disabilities caused by stroke.
A new genomic study reveals five distinct groups of DNA sites driving unique forms of type 2 diabetes, with potential implications for personalized treatment approaches. The research identifies subtypes based on genetics and physiology, which could help physicians tailor interventions to individual patients.
A recent study published in NeuroImage found that breast milk is associated with improved brain connectivity in premature babies. The research, conducted by the University of Edinburgh, suggests that exclusive breastfeeding for at least three-quarters of hospital days can lead to better long-term outcomes for pre-term infants.
Researchers have discovered a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, which may lead to new treatments. Humanin, a naturally occurring mitochondrial peptide, decreases with age and is associated with an increased risk of diseases linked to older age.
Lyme borreliosis is a vector-borne disease in Europe caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. A recent study found that infection can occur within 24 hours of an adult tick bite and as soon as 12 hours for nymph bites, highlighting the importance of prompt removal of infected ticks.
Drexel researchers have developed a breakthrough method to create invisibly thin antennas using MXene material, which can be sprayed on flexible surfaces like fabrics or electronics. The new technology has the potential to enable seamless integration of antennas with smart devices and the Internet of Things.
A study by Duke University Medical Center found that adults with irregular sleep patterns weigh more, have higher blood sugar, and a higher risk of heart attack or stroke. Regular sleep schedule was associated with better heart and metabolic health outcomes.
A team of researchers from five institutions will study the effects of changing mountain snowpack on water availability, agricultural risks, and economic impacts. The project aims to inform policymakers and farmers about adapting to fluctuating water availability and creating more resilient food systems.
Tropical Storm Trami is expected to intensify through Saturday, bringing powerful storms with cloud tops as cold as minus 70 degrees Fahrenheit. A flash flood watch has been issued for Guam and the northern Marianas due to heavy showers and thunderstorms associated with the storm.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have developed a physiological test to predict autism risk in pregnant mothers. The study found that differences in plasma metabolites indicate an increased risk of having a child with ASD, with a relative risk of 18.7 percent vs 1.7 percent.
A new research project, backed by the Innovation Fund Denmark, aims to standardize fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) treatment for Clostridium difficile diarrhea. The project will develop a secure feces bank and screen future feces donors to ensure high safety and effectiveness.
A synthetic organelle created in a lab modelled membraneless organelles found to drive efficient sugar processing by balancing substrate and enzyme interactions. Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology used this setup to explore cellular biochemistry, discovering unexpected nuances in organelle chemistry.
A clinical trial is testing infusions of two potent, HIV-specific antibodies to evaluate their safety and effectiveness in suppressing HIV. The study aims to provide a potential alternative to daily antiretroviral therapy.
Researchers found that a program designed to reduce stress in cancer patients can be taught to therapists across the country and effectively improves mood. The study involved 15 sites and 158 patients with various types of cancer, showing significant improvement on measures of mood and physical activity.
Case Western Reserve University researchers have discovered a way to predict which lung cancer patients will benefit from chemotherapy based on the arrangement of immune cells. This information may aid in decision-making for routine tissue-slide images, potentially sparing patients from invasive treatments.
A new study reveals that black women are more likely to skip hormone therapy treatments for breast cancer, with barriers including cost, side effects, and difficulty adhering to treatment plans. The study highlights the need for culturally competent behavioral interventions to improve outcomes for all women with breast cancer.
A Mayo Clinic study found that enrollment in an opioid controlled substance agreement significantly reduces primary care visits, hospitalizations, and specialty visits among patients with chronic health conditions. The agreement also leads to increased radiology visits, but not emergency department services.
A new study reveals that protein galectin-1 has anti-inflammatory properties capable of minimizing damage to kidney cells by hypoxia and reperfusion, common processes in transplants. Galectin-1 may provide an alternative to corticosteroids for ischemia-reperfusion injury.
A new study elucidates the structure of lactoferrin, a protein that binds tightly to free iron ions to prevent damage to proteins and DNA. The researchers discovered that an amino acid plays a key role in the conformation stability of the protein.
Researchers at Newcastle University have identified a naturally occurring antibiotic called kanglemycin A that is effective against rifampicin-resistant Tuberculosis. The compound was found to bind to the same groove as rifampicin but with extended structures, allowing it to maintain its affinity and inhibit the bacteria.
A new study by KU Leuven reveals the hidden costs of cobalt mining in the Democratic Republic of Congo, including high levels of cobalt in children's urine and increased DNA damage. The research highlights the need for sustainable cobalt mining practices to mitigate environmental and health impacts.
Researchers have made the first direct observations of water in lipid bilayers used to model cell membrane fusion. The study provides new insights into diseases associated with disrupted cell fusion and could lead to treatments for degenerative diseases.
A new MIT model has been developed to reduce false positives in credit card fraud detection, achieving a 54% reduction in incorrect flagging of legitimate transactions. By extracting more than 200 detailed features for each individual transaction, the model can better pinpoint unusual spending habits and improve accuracy.
A new investigational steroid called vamorolone has been found to replicate the benefits of prednisone while reducing its side effects, offering hope for patients with chronic inflammatory diseases. The study identifies nine potential biomarkers for inflammatory diseases that could serve as a fingerprint for chronic inflammation.
Researchers developed a microtissue model of the heart to study how environmental stress affects normal and abnormal heart tissue. The study found that mutant cells contracted abnormally and arrhythmically under stress, similar to HCM patients.
Researchers developed a novel immunochromatographic method to detect multi-resistant bacteria in blood cultures with 100% certainty. The new method reduces testing time from up to 72 hours, enabling faster treatment and potentially curbing the spread of resistant pathogens.
A KAIST research team has reported a stretchable pressure insensitive strain sensor by using an all solution-based process. The new electronic skin can distinguish mechanical stimuli analogous to human skin and can be uniformly coated on 3-dimensional surfaces.
A new study led by Harvard University researchers finds that mammal spines have gained new regions during evolution, which enabled them to adapt to different environments. The research challenges the long-held idea that mammal-specific characteristics emerged from a single ancestral blueprint.
Research by American Psychological Association reveals that girls exhibit better reading and writing ability than boys as early as the fourth grade. The achievement gap widens further with age, particularly for writing tasks. Experts attribute this to factors such as peer pressure, learning disabilities, and differences in brain function.
A special Festschrift dedicated to Dr. Mathilde Krim celebrates her life and medical career, featuring articles on HIV research and a range of scientific studies contributed by the Krim Fellows. The issue highlights key findings on CD4-HIV-1 envelope interactions and the complex role of immunoglobulin A in HIV, among other topics.
A study analyzed TV ads for ACA health insurance plans, finding a shift towards targeting younger, healthier individuals and emphasizing financial assistance, as well as a decline in mentions of 'ObamaCare' or 'Affordable Care Act'. The researchers suggest this trend may be related to low public understanding of the law.
Researchers from Aarhus University have developed a simpler and safer way to introduce sulfur-containing fragments into chemical compounds. The new method uses a gold-based catalyst to promote the hydrothiolation of olefins, providing high yields and avoiding the need for handling flammable gas.
Researchers have detected matter falling directly into a black hole for the first time, with gas spiraling in at 30% of the speed of light. The discovery sheds light on chaotic accretion and its implications for supermassive black holes.
Researchers have identified a link between inflammation and cancer growth in HER2-negative breast cancers, revealing anakinra as a potential treatment target. Anakinra, an existing anti-inflammatory drug, reduces gene expression of IL1b and other cytokines, improving symptoms and quality of life for some patients.
Subtle changes in protein regulation can cause severe face and brain developmental abnormalities, highlighting the importance of striking a healthy balance between too little and too much cell death. The study suggests that excessive or inadequate cell death during embryonic development can lead to devastating birth defects or cancer.
Researchers found that the gene sequence for serotonin uptake is nearly identical in human and octopus genomes, suggesting serotonin regulates social behavior in both species. The study used MDMA to enhance prosocial behaviors in octopuses, mirroring its effects on humans.
Researchers use computer models to predict how molecules will behave in certain reactions, controlling the emergence of specific products with desired stereochemical structures. This breakthrough enables chemists to design additives that can select the right product outcomes, revealing new insights into chemical processes.
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi used NASA's Kepler mission and asteroseismology to determine precise rotational patterns of Sun-like stars, challenging current science on stellar rotation. They found that equatorial regions spin up to two and a half times faster than mid- to high latitudes.