Researchers at CU Boulder explore galaxy NGC 6240 with two supermassive black holes, revealing how stellar winds and black hole winds combine to power down star formation. The study creates a massive cloud of gas in the shape of a butterfly, significantly impacting the galaxy's evolution.
The University of Texas at Arlington has developed a modular, multi-step water treatment system that can transform unconventional oil and gas waste into reusable water. The system requires multiple treatment modalities to remove contaminants, making it difficult to accomplish effectively and economically.
Researchers successfully created chirality-evolving gold nanoparticles with amino acids and peptides. The new synthesis method enables color modulation by controlling light polarization, paving the way for future displays.
Acute aortic syndrome is a group of conditions that can be challenging to diagnose due to similar clinical manifestations. Intravascular ultrasound imaging has been found to be useful in discerning the different forms of acute aortic syndrome, including aortic intramural hematoma.
A new study finds that Americans waste nearly a pound of food per person each day, with the amount of wasted food corresponding to harvests produced using 780 million pounds of pesticide and 1.8 billion pounds of nitrogen fertilizer annually. The study also found that higher quality diets were associated with higher levels of food waste.
A team of scientists has proposed a method to boost wireless power transfer over long distances using backward signal transmission. The study, published in Physical Review Letters, demonstrates the effectiveness of this approach in enhancing power transfer efficiency.
Dr. Jeffrey H. Samet, an internationally recognized expert in addiction medicine care and research, has been awarded the American College of Physicians' Richard and Hinda Rosenthal Award #1. He is being recognized for his innovative work in developing theory-based behavioral interventions to address substance use disorders.
A team of researchers has developed a framework to optimize fuel and resource usage in space travel. By considering multiple missions together, or campaigns, they can minimize launch mass and cost. The study also explores the use of propellant depots in space, which could significantly reduce fuel needs for future missions.
A new study suggests that adolescents and young adults with acute leukemia have a survival advantage when receiving treatment at pediatric cancer centers versus adult centers, particularly those affiliated with the National Cancer Institute. This is due to the more experienced care teams in these settings.
Researchers at Cardiff University have developed a new non-toxic method for delivering anti-cancer drugs to specific parts of the body, reducing harsh side effects. The new nanotube delivery method was found to be effective in treating breast cancer, with reduced rates of metastasis and tumour growth.
Researchers found that adult listeners can learn to recognize previously unfamiliar speakers from seeing only the motion they produce while talking, even with limited exposure. This discovery has important implications for personal and facial recognition technologies.
Researchers developed a quantitative pharmacodynamic assay for detecting apoptosis in fixed tumor tissue, resolving limitations of existing methods. The assay uses colocalization of γH2AX and cleaved caspase-3 markers to identify apoptotic cells with high accuracy.
Researchers at Max Delbrück Center found that a single spike from pyramidal cells can cause parvalbumin-expressing neurons to fire efficiently and even silence neighboring cells. This mechanism helps the brain filter subtle but important stimuli amidst noise, leading to better signal detection.
Researchers at Radboud University Medical Center have identified a unique protein in the malaria parasite's mitochondrion that could be targeted for a new vaccine. The protein, known as 'prohibitin,' plays a crucial role in the parasite's survival and is not present in human cells.
Researchers at University at Buffalo School of Management developed a new algorithm to establish pricing and allocate resources for cloud computing. The study provides practical formulas that companies can use to determine necessary resources and set charges for their customers.
A new study found that coal mining significantly reduces aquatic species abundance and richness in US streams. Despite regulations, mining continues to harm biodiversity, with some watersheds facing irreversible declines.
A new approach developed by engineers at the University of Washington and Carnegie Mellon University uses the keyboard as a two-dimensional way to access tables, maps and nested lists. The tool, Spatial Recognition Interaction Techniques (SPRITEs), lets blind and low-vision users navigate these kinds of sites much more successfully tha...
A new study published in Diabetes Care found that a tailored letter with personalized weight-gain recommendations improved pregnancy weight gain among women with gestational diabetes. The intervention, delivered via electronic health record data, resulted in a higher proportion of women meeting national weight-gain guidelines.
A new model predicts that the Martian moons Phobos and Deimos were formed from debris left over after a large impact between proto-Mars and a dwarf-planet-sized object. The model suggests that the moons' compositions will be similar to Mars, but they are expected to be dry due to lost water vapor.
A review of 41 trials involving over 1000 people with type 1 diabetes found that artificial pancreas systems provided almost two and a half extra hours of normal blood glucose levels per day. The treatment also reduced time spent in both hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia compared to other types of insulin-based therapy.
The Chain Reaction Innovations program at Argonne National Laboratory aims to accelerate the development of sustainable energy technologies. Eighty-three innovators from 26 states have been selected to participate in a two-year program focused on enhancing energy efficiency or sustainability, and overcoming complex scientific challenges.
A new study found that Republicans are more persuasive than scientists in correcting misinformation about climate change, despite being associated with denial. The researchers suggest that citing Republican elites endorsing the scientific consensus may be an effective way to persuade citizens.
Researchers present a case study on ischemic secondary mitral regurgitation, highlighting the importance of multidisciplinary teams in managing this complex condition. Newer technologies provide new hope for patients, improving outcomes and treatment options.
The NTU Singapore robot assembled an IKEA chair with precision and speed, demonstrating its capabilities in dexterous manipulation. The robot uses a 3D camera and robotic arms equipped with grippers to pick up objects and execute tasks.
A new study found that corals on the northern Great Barrier Reef experienced a catastrophic die-off following the extended marine heatwave of 2016. The amount of coral death was closely linked to the amount of bleaching and level of heat exposure, with the northern third of the reef being the most severely affected.
Researchers have designed and synthesized molecules that can interact together to assemble complex molecular structures at the nanoscale. By mimicking biological self-assembly processes, chemists can learn new methods of chemical synthesis for nano/micro-structures.
Researchers have discovered a new material science concept that uses light to expand a two-dimensional nanosheet at incredible speeds. The nanosheet can expand up to 5.7% of its original size in sub-milliseconds, making it potentially useful for artificial muscles and soft robotic systems.
A collaborative effort found that CD32 identifies actively infected cells, not latently infected ones. The study challenges recent results suggesting CD32 as a preferential biomarker to identify HIV reservoirs.
Ancient European horse breeding practices likely contributed to the limited paternally-inherited Y chromosome diversity in modern horses. Selective breeding during the Iron Age may have reduced genetic variation, as humans prioritized reproductive success of selected stallions. The Roman Empire's shift towards male-based selective bree...
Researchers used computer-based methods to compare the physiological behavior of Neanderthals to today's humans, finding that their noses were able to transport twice as much air to the lungs than modern humans. This unique feature allowed Neanderthals to thrive in Ice Age environments and power their more strenuous lifestyle.
Researchers found that married patients with melanoma are more likely to present with early-stage tumors and undergo sentinel lymph node biopsies, leading to better patient outcomes. The study analyzed over 52,000 patients with no distant metastases from 2010 to 2014.
A study found that larger reserves and species similarity are key to effective conservation, but not all species receive equal protection. The research highlights the need for targeted attention for certain species in sagebrush country.
To address escalating costs of targeted cancer drugs, a Penn-led group proposes three solutions: defining minimum clinically meaningful effect sizes for FDA approval, Medicare negotiating prices for targeted cancer drugs, and prioritizing effective treatments by clinical benefit and price. The recommendations aim to balance clinical be...
A new study reveals the existence of a pseudogap state in 1T-TiSe2, which shares similarities with high-Tc cuprates. The discovery indicates that CDW and superconductivity do not compete in this material, providing insight into the superconducting mechanism and its interplay with CDW.
A new study developed a mathematical correction to improve crowd estimates by accounting for individual bias and social information. Researchers found that collective intelligence is highly predictable and can be improved with the right rules for collective estimation.
A large population of U.S. veterans with mild, moderate, or severe traumatic brain injury were found to have a higher risk of developing Parkinson's disease. Those with mild traumatic brain injury had a 56% increased risk, while those with moderate to severe injuries had an 83% and 71% increased risk respectively.
Researchers found that female POMC neurons fire faster than male's due to the expression of gene TAp63, leading to increased energy expenditure and protection against weight gain. This novel mechanism may facilitate future gender-specific therapeutic strategies for obesity and related disorders.
Rice University scientists discovered that salt reduces the temperature at which elements interact in a chemical vapor deposition furnace, making it easier to form atom-thin layers. This process allows for the creation of novel materials with customized properties.
A new Mayo Clinic study reveals that transplanted livers regulate the host's immune responses and have a protective effect on other organs. This finding may pave the way for reduced immunosuppression needs in transplant patients.
A recent study found that the Pacific Walker circulation (PWC) weakens significantly after strong tropical volcanic eruptions (SVEs), leading to changes in rainfall patterns and extreme climate events worldwide. The research suggests that the cooling effect of SVEs on the Maritime Continent plays a dominant role in weakening the PWC.
A new study reveals a previously undocumented process where melting glacial ice sheets further accelerate ice melt and sea level rise by making the ocean's surface layer less salty and more buoyant. Fresh glacial meltwater prevents deep mixing in winter, allowing warm water at depth to retain its heat and cause further glacial melting.
The Building a Healthy Temple Diabetes Self-Management Support program integrates spirituality and health education to help Hispanics with type 2 diabetes manage the disease. The 14-week program aims to prevent complications such as amputation, kidney failure, and blindness by providing a supportive community.
Researchers at PTB have successfully measured some important properties of the thorium-229 nucleus using optical methods, bringing scientists closer to developing an optical nuclear clock. This breakthrough uses laser excitation to monitor the nucleus's behavior and could lead to a more precise atomic clock.
Researchers found that graphene's Poisson ratio, which determines material capability to shrink or extend in transverse dimension, varies depending on the applied tensile force. This discovery could help create new materials with required exotic properties and improve existing technologies.
New research from Duke University Medical Center found that ACL tears occur the same way in women and men, contradicting previous theories. The study used forensic analysis to examine bone bruises on knees of athletes with torn ACLs, revealing no significant difference in injury mechanism between sexes.
High-risk atherosclerotic plaque and cancer cells exhibit reprogrammed metabolism, which can be targeted with drugs to limit inflammation. The study proposes a novel approach for identifying dangerous plaque using PET cameras.
A team of scientists led by Professor Lim Chwee Teck at NUS has won a US$1.2 million Human Frontiers Science Program Research Grant for novel multidisciplinary work on cell collective migration on curved surfaces, aiming to advance tissue growth and repair in regenerative medicine.
Researchers developed a method to measure proton nuclear resonance dispersion profiles at low magnetic fields, revealing the water exchange rate of tumor cells. This enables direct assessment of tumor status and metabolic activity, which is characteristic of aggressive and highly metastatic tumors.
Researchers found that pepper plants metabolize triclocarban, an antibiotic commonly used in personal care products, into other molecules. The study suggests that these metabolites may have negative health effects, highlighting the need for further research on the impact of environmental triclocarban exposure on human health.
Scientists detected airborne polychlorinated biphenyl compounds in kitchens, linked to sealant decomposition. Higher levels were found in newer homes and emanated from finished cabinetry.
Scientists found that dominant Eurasian 500-hPa geopotential height anomalies can persist from winter to the following spring. This persistence is linked to a triple sea surface temperature anomaly pattern in the North Atlantic, which triggers an atmospheric wave train over the region.
Researchers found that simply being told a musician is professional changes the way the brain responds to music, with more activity in pleasure and reward regions for 'professional' recordings. Overcoming this bias requires conscious effort, as participants who resisted the bias showed increased executive control.
Researchers have developed a concept to preferentially inhibit pain-transmitting neurons using direct electrical current. The new approach could reduce side effects of conventional devices, allowing for more precise targeting of pain-transmitting nerve cells.
Researchers designed a scale-up nanoporous membrane centrifuge for reverse osmosis desalination, proving its feasibility through molecular dynamics simulations. The design overcomes two major obstacles: scaling up and fouling prevention, offering a self-cleaning mechanism and improved energy efficiency.
Assistant Professor Karin Gravare Silbernagel will investigate differences in recovery between males and females with Achilles tendinopathy, exploring individualized treatment approaches to improve outcomes. Her research aims to better understand the variabilities in tendon injuries and develop more efficient treatments.
Researchers at TU Wien and Medical University of Vienna have discovered that T cell antigen receptors operate alone, contrary to previous assumptions. This groundbreaking finding has significant implications for understanding immune responses and developing effective therapies against cancer and autoimmune diseases.
The European Commission considers a partial ban on valproate use in pregnancy amid concerns about physical abnormalities and developmental problems. Experts debate the balance between treatment efficacy and risk, highlighting the need for informed patient choice and regular review.
Researchers discovered malaria parasites in 21% of white-tailed fawns in Florida, with infected deer more likely to die during the first year. The study's findings suggest that young animals are particularly vulnerable to these parasites.
A world-first study found that people released from prison who have both mental illness and substance use problems are at a significantly increased risk of suffering injury. The research, conducted by the University of Melbourne, identified hospital records for 1307 people released from seven Queensland prisons over a five-year period.
A new study shows that rapid expansion of British Columbia's Take Home Naloxone program significantly reduced opioid overdose deaths. Between January 1 and October 31, 2016, the program prevented 226 deaths or 26% of all possible overdose-related deaths in that time period.