The LSU School of Social Work has been awarded a $3.73 million grant to improve the quality of life for Louisiana residents and families living with Alzheimer's disease. The program, LA-GWEP, will train social workers, nurses, and physicians in dementia-friendly integrated practice.
African countries study finds that 87.5% of mosquito bites occur indoors, while bed-time bites account for 79.4%, highlighting the need for effective vector control measures.
The Russian Science Foundation has granted funding to 14 young scientists and six scientific groups at Ural Federal University, focusing on migration, demographic modeling, and nanomaterials. Researchers aim to develop a super-prolonged medication delivery system using hybrid organic-inorganic materials.
A team of researchers found a peculiar tooth composition in great white sharks and their relatives, which is similar to that of the fossil shark Palaeocarcharias stromeri. The shared tooth histology indicates that this small shark gave rise to one of the most iconic shark lineages.
Large ensembles of Antarctic ice sheet simulations show increased uncertainty in sea level projections. Marine ice sheet instability amplifies and skews uncertainty in projected sea level rise.
Researchers captured high-resolution images of a gene-editing tool called CRISPR-Cas9 using cryo-EM technology, revealing new information about its mechanism. The findings hold promise for developing more efficient and precise versions of the enzyme to correct disease-causing DNA mutations.
The new microrobots can load, transport and deliver cellular material with greater speed and less damage than traditional methods, opening up a wide range of applications in life sciences and beyond. They also enable precise control over cell behavior, which is crucial for regenerative medicine and neural repair.
A British-German study found that environmental factors had a significant influence on species success in the past, but became less important around 170 million years ago. The shift was attributed to the rise of planktonic algae with calcified shells, which changed the rules of evolution.
Researchers found magnetic anomalies resembling those formed at mid-ocean ridge plate boundaries, suggesting Tamu Massif formed by mid-ocean ridge 'spreading' rather than as a shield volcano. The discovery weakens the accepted analogy between eruptions of continental flood basalts and oceanic plateaus.
The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission has licensed Purdue University's Reactor Number One as the first entirely digital nuclear reactor instrumentation and control system. This upgrade enables capabilities like predictive analytics, machine learning, and artificial intelligence, making reactors safer and extending their lifetime.
A study found that fish die-offs in Wisconsin lakes are strongly linked to heat waves and warmer surface water temperatures. By mid-century, fish kills are expected to double, and by 2100, they will quadruple.
For high-risk patients, treatment continuation outweighs rare side effects; rapid bone loss occurs after denosumab discontinuation. Long-term studies showed no increased fracture risk with continued treatment.
Scientists have captured atomic-level images of active CRISPR enzyme Cas9, providing new structural information on its mechanism. The images show how the enzyme cuts DNA strands and reveals the importance of domain movement during reaction, which could lead to improved genome-editing tools.
A new probe has been developed to help surgeons detect cancer cells during surgery, with the potential to improve surgical outcomes for patients. The probe uses fluorescence imaging and has been published in Chemical Science, a study led by RCSI researchers.
A new study created the first comprehensive genomic map of fat cells, revealing unique features that appear to 'hard-wire' different types of fat. The findings may guide future research into the drivers of harm arising from fat build-up in different parts of the body.
The article highlights the impact of fluoride on reducing dental caries, citing studies that showed a marked reduction in caries experience in fluoridated cities compared to non-fluoridated control cities. The widespread use of fluoride toothpaste has also been credited with improving oral health and quality of life for populations wor...
A study by Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA) suggests that Switzerland can transition to a low-CO2 energy system by reducing building heating requirements by 42%, electrifying 3/4 of remaining heating needs, and increasing electrification of private car journeys to 20%.
A survey of 1,263 people found that discussing global warming leads to increased learning of key facts about the scientific agreement on global warming. This knowledge in turn influences beliefs and promotes more climate-related conversations.
A new Northwestern University study found that biracial individuals are stereotyped as attractive and not fitting in, regardless of their specific racial background. The researchers examined six different biracial groups and found no systematic patterns in how people stereotype them.
Researchers studying a $750,000 grant at the University of Illinois Chicago aim to understand how various mining dusts contribute to lung disease. They plan to collect dust samples and expose mice to different combinations to determine the most damaging mixtures.
A study by the University of Warwick found that neither fully machine-like nor human-like autonomous vehicle driving styles were optimal, but a blend of both may be best. Passengers showed increased confidence with each run in both styles.
Research on coralline algal diversity reveals fewer species and less diversity in urchin barrens compared to kelp forests with sea otters. The study suggests that cryptic species identification alters ecosystem dynamics perception.
A study by Rutgers University found that grandparents allow their grandchildren an average of two hours of screen time during a four-hour visit, highlighting the need for parental guidance. Grandparents, particularly fathers, tend to permit more interactive screen time, while mothers and younger children benefit from stricter rules.
Researchers developed two new algorithms that can identify patients at high risk of HIV and may benefit from preventive care. The models use data from patients' electronic health records to flag potential candidates for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) medication, which is over 90% effective in preventing HIV acquisition.
Researchers found that nitrogen heterocycles, common in young Earth and solar system, formed similar genetic precursors under varied atmospheric conditions. These modified heterocycles may have served as subunits of peptide nucleic acids (PNAs), a proposed precursor to RNA.
Scientists at FLEET discovered novel magnetic properties in 2D structures with potential for ultra-high speed and low-energy electronic devices. The study reveals antisymmetric giant magnetoresistance in van der Waals Fe3GeTe2/graphite/Fe3GeTe2 tri-layer heterostructures.
Bias and honesty are key factors in determining source credibility, a study by Ohio State University researchers found. People tend to distrust biased sources, even if they believe the information is true. In contrast, untruthful news isn't the only issue for consumers; objective sources can still lose credibility if perceived as biased.
A research team has elucidated the complex degradation pathway of the polysaccharide Ulvan from marine algae, revealing the biochemical function of 12 enzymes. The findings have significant implications for future biotechnological applications and improve our understanding of the marine carbon cycle.
Researchers at MUSC discovered that thioredoxin, a powerful antioxidant molecule, can extend the life of adoptive T-cells and improve anti-tumor activity. This finding suggests that treating human T-cells with thioredoxin before administration may increase cell viability and improve the effectiveness of immune-based therapies.
An observational study found caregiver depression associated with more emergency department visits for patients with dementia, including a 0.7 increase in visits per person-year. Caregivers with depression had higher rates of ED use (1.5 vs. 0.8 visits) compared to those without depression.
Researchers identified two key elements of animal life cycles: pace (reproduction rate and lifespan) and shape (mortality rate across lifespan). This study provides insights into conservation strategies and predicts winners and losers from the global environment crisis.
The National University of Singapore's quantum satellite SpooQy-1 carries a quote from The Golden Record 2.0, a play written for the NUS Arts Festival, to test a quantum light source enabling future secure communication. The satellite, built by CQT and the NUS Centre for the Arts, honours Singapore's diversity and globalised world.
Researchers found that ancient plants coevolved with megafaunal grazers to disperse their seeds, making them easy to harvest. The discovery sheds light on the early domestication of small-seeded grain crops like quinoa and amaranth.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have developed a window film that captures solar energy during the day and releases it as heat at night, helping to regulate indoor temperatures. The film uses a specially designed molecule that changes color when it absorbs sunlight, allowing it to capture energy.
A mathematical model explains relationship between oceans' carbon storage and environmental disruptions during mass extinctions. The study suggests that Earth's carbon cycle determines the magnitude of disruption, with external inputs influencing surges resulting from mass extinctions.
A new special report by The Hastings Center examines the psychosocial impacts of genetic information, highlighting both potential harms and limitations. Studies suggest that genetic testing can have negative effects on individuals and families, particularly in contexts where stigmatization or anxiety is heightened.
Semi-arid regions in northern China have expanded significantly over the past 60 years due to climate change. The drying trend is linked to a weakened East Asian summer monsoon and amplified by land-atmosphere interactions. This expansion increases the risk of desertification, food insecurity and water scarcity.
Researchers have developed polyvalent iodine-based reagents for organic synthesis, replacing toxic compounds and enabling reactions at room temperature. The mildest reagent is suitable for oxidizing natural compounds, while the most powerful reagent synthesizes fluorinated alcohols.
Researchers from HSE University used machine learning to discover that stem-loops and quadruplexes contribute to 20-30% of genome breakpoints in cancer, with varying impacts on different types of cancer.
The study reveals that the equilibrium between nose microbes and host has an impact on pneumococcal acquisition density, particularly with viral co-infection. Different microbiota constellations are associated with varying levels of inflammation, viral replication, and pneumococcal carriage receptiveness.
Researchers developed a new technique to enhance the infection-fighting potential of natural chemicals and test them quickly. Three synthetic molecules were found to be four times more effective at killing bacteria than their natural predecessor.
A team of UT Austin chemists has received a $1 million grant to develop an innovative new coating for silicon-based solar cells that could increase their efficiency by up to 20%. The coating uses organic dyes to convert more sunlight into electricity, reducing heat losses and energy inefficiencies.
Researchers develop a new method to detect rheumatoid arthritis by analyzing hand blood content using infrared spectroscopy. The technique can provide an early diagnosis and assess treatment effectiveness, potentially leading to better long-term outcomes for patients.
Researchers discovered theta oscillations play a role in navigation and memory formation, reactivating location-specific activity patterns during virtual reality navigation. This finding may help identify novel biomarkers for neurological disorders like Alzheimer's.
Researchers found that adjusting a single molecular parameter, the molecular quadrupole moment, can tune the energetics in organic films. This effect enhances long-range Coulomb interactions in organic materials.
A tiny fibre-optic sensor has the potential to save lives in open heart surgery and during surgery on pre-term babies. The continuous cardiac flow monitoring probe is a safe way to give real-time measurement of blood flow.
A new evidence review suggests that few nutritional supplements or dietary interventions offer any protection against cardiovascular disease or death. Some may even cause harm, according to a meta-analysis published in Annals of Internal Medicine.
Researchers found that brain networks are spatially and functionally fluid, with rapid changes in network activity over time. This challenges the long-held assumption that brain regions contribute to each network in a fixed way.
A Duke University study found that worm offspring of mothers who experienced nutrient stress during pregnancy were better equipped to handle starvation later on. This is due to changes in insulin signaling transmitted via eggs, which helped the larvae develop normally and avoid reproductive abnormalities.
A new study found that over three-quarters of biology conferences lack codes of conduct, while those that do often fail to address key issues like sexual misconduct. The authors recommend improving codes by making them apparent, centering marginalized groups' experiences, and establishing clear reporting channels.
Researchers identify a genetically aberrant protein that promotes rare form of liver cancer in adolescents and young adults. A targeted drug combination slows down uncontrolled cell growth, offering hope for improved treatment options.
Researchers found that every fourth osteoarthritis patient was prescribed opioids, with codeine and tramadol being the most commonly used. Despite not being recommended as a first-line treatment, opioids were still given to nearly a quarter of patients, highlighting a significant challenge in addressing osteoarthritis pain management.
Researchers at University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed a method to create pieces of 'smart' glass that can recognize images using optics and artificial intelligence. The glass uses tiny bubbles and impurities to bend light in specific ways, enabling real-time image recognition without power or sensors.
A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences finds that polyphosphate induces the formation of amyloid fibrils from beta-2 microglobulin proteins in dialysis patients. High levels of polyphosphate promote the formation of thicker, more stable amyloid fibrils under normal pH conditions.
Research suggests that older adults who experience cognitive impairment, dementia, or delirium after a hip fracture are more likely to experience functional decline and disability. Despite this, some older adults can recover and regain mobility after surgery.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have found that sanitation systems can recover resources such as nutrients, water, and organic material, which can be used to improve ecosystem services. These services include water purification, nutrient cycling, food provisioning, and climate regulation, among others.
Researchers found Snowball's movement diversity is not limited to humans, suggesting an innate ability to respond to music with intentional movements. The study proposes five traits that may explain the shared natural ability to dance in humans and parrots.
A new nanotheranostic system uses silica-coated bismuth-ferrite harmonic nanoparticles to combine diagnostic imaging with targeted drug delivery, overcoming limitations of previous approaches. The system allows for medically safe release of therapeutics upon near-infrared light activation.
Researchers found that immune cells were six times more active in tumours resistant to cetuximab. Immunotherapies designed to boost the immune system could be effective against these cancers. A phase II clinical trial has begun to test this approach.
Small mammals use roadside vegetation foraging in Canada, contrary to assumptions that wildlife passages are only for crossing. The study suggests maintaining habitat between highways could attract animals to roads, increasing the risk of collisions.