Researchers have developed semitransparent perovskite solar cells with high efficiency, enabling the creation of tandem devices that boost performance. The breakthrough could lead to transparent solar cells on windows, generating electricity from sunlight.
Australian scientists have discovered a new and effective way to treat high-risk blood cancer in children. A combination of ruxolitinib with commonly used anticancer drugs showed enhanced treatment efficacy in two out of three patient-derived xenograft models, achieving long-term suppression of leukaemia growth.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in understanding how the production of antibodies is regulated in human cells, using cutting-edge technologies to sequence genes in individual cells. This knowledge could lead to enhanced antibody production in vaccines and treatments for diseases such as autoimmunity and allergy.
A new study reveals widespread plastic pollution in Galapagos seawater, beaches, and animals, with over 400 plastic particles found per square meter on some beaches. Microplastics were also discovered inside more than half of the marine invertebrates studied, posing a potential threat to the ecosystem.
A study of 4,763 individuals found that those with frequent depressive symptoms were more likely to experience rapid kidney function decline over a median follow-up period of 4 years. The study suggests that high depressive symptoms may be an important modifiable risk factor for chronic kidney disease.
The ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group presented new research results on patients with breast and HPV-associated throat cancers. A phase III trial found platinum chemotherapy ineffective in preventing recurrence of basal-like triple-negative breast cancer, while a study on severe joint pain in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-p...
Researchers from Alfred Wegener Institute found that fin whales regularly inhabit waters surrounding Elephant Island, indicating a notable achievement in the fin whale population's recovery. The study suggests that protecting this habitat is crucial due to frequent visits by cruise ships and extensive krill fishing.
A new brain stimulation technique, sonothermogenetics, has been developed by combining ultrasound and genetics to activate specific neurons in the brain.
Researchers found a decline in social connectedness among Medicare beneficiaries after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study suggests that the pandemic had a significant impact on older adults' social relationships and overall well-being.
The COLCORONA study suggests that colchicine, an anti-inflammatory drug, could be used to prevent COVID-19-related complications in non-hospitalized patients with at least one risk factor for disease progression. The study's primary endpoint was the composite of death or hospitalization in patients with COVID-19.
A new study published in Science Advances reveals that the pre-industrial Southern Hemisphere was much smokier than previously thought, shedding light on the future impacts of global climate change. This research used ice core samples to determine the amount of smoke aerosols in the pre-industrial atmosphere.
Experts identify four under-researched areas critical to advancing symptom management in progressive MS, including fatigue, mobility impairment, pain, and cognitive impairment. Rehabilitative therapies show promise for managing these symptoms and improving physical and cognitive function.
A study by researchers at the National Institutes of Health found that open, expressive family life can moderate the effects of pre-adoption adversity on adopted children's cognitive ability and development. In contrast, rule-driven households with conflict may increase the risk for behavioral problems.
Researchers advocate for updated ventilation standards, including pathogen control and flexible systems, to combat airborne virus transmission. The new guidelines aim to improve indoor air quality, reducing healthcare costs and increasing labor productivity.
Researchers have created DNA-based materials with tunable properties, which can be controlled by adjusting the level of supercoiling. These materials have potential applications in drug delivery and tissue regeneration.
Researchers at TU Dresden developed a theoretical model that explains how electrons move through three-dimensional materials, even when their electric transport appears two-dimensional. The findings have implications for topological quantum phenomena and could lead to powerful quantum technologies.
Researchers captured the internal motor structure of Mycoplasma mobile, revealing an internal chain structure causing the external appendage structure to move in a specific direction. The study provides insight into the gliding motion mechanism and could lead to understanding human replications of it.
A new Yale study finds that seabed burrowers were helpful in creating conditions for complex animal life to expand. Bioturbation altered the chemical makeup of the sea and oxygen levels, fostering the emergence of increasingly productive ecosystems during the Cambrian explosion.
Methylene Blue, a century-old medicine, has been found to be an effective UVB blocker that absorbs UVA and UVB rays, promotes DNA damage repair, and is safe for coral reefs. The study suggests it could become an alternative sunscreen ingredient, supporting the environment and human skin health.
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine reveals worsening socioeconomic disparities in respiratory health in the US over the past six decades. The researchers found that individuals from lower-income backgrounds are more likely to experience respiratory problems and have poorer lung function.
A recent study found that adults with cerebral palsy receive significantly less physical therapy for musculoskeletal disorders, despite greater risk of secondary comorbid conditions. The researchers underscore the need for increased clinical awareness and improved screening strategies to address this inequity in healthcare.
A Cornell University-developed technology provides an antidote for deadly pesticides that kill wild bees and cause beekeepers to lose around a third of their hives every year. The antidote delivery method has now been adapted to effectively protect bees from all insecticides, and inspired a new company, Beemmunity.
A partially-compliant robot hand using a Crossed Flexural Hinge (CFH) was developed to increase lifting power while minimizing damage in collisions. The CFH-jointed robot hand demonstrated 46.7% more shock absorption than a pin joint-oriented robotic hand and could hold objects weighing up to four kilograms.
Researchers at University of Michigan identify key questions in developing lithium metal solid-state batteries for increased EV range and improved safety. However, addressing these challenges, such as ceramic production and battery management system design, is crucial to their commercialization.
Scientists found that platinum chemotherapy can cause genetic changes in children with neuroblastoma, leading to increased risk of secondary leukemia. The study's findings could lead to identifying high-risk children and tailoring their treatment plans to reduce this risk.
Researchers developed a machine learning model to predict patients requiring dialysis or critical illness leading to death in COVID-19 hospitalizations. The XGBoost without imputation method outperformed other models with higher precision and recall, using data from electronic health records.
A new study from Yale University found that a ban on flavored vaping products in San Francisco's school district led to a doubling of conventional cigarette smoking among high school students. The study suggests that flavor bans may inadvertently push youth toward cigarettes, highlighting the need for caution and alternative policies.
The Mesaverde Group in the Wyoming-Utah-Colorado region is characterized by four tectonically driven classic wedges with large basinward and landward shoreline shifts. A new K-Ar illite dating application constrains the timing of subduction in West Sarawak, Borneo, offering insights into the dynamic interaction between tectonic control...
Researchers found cardiac troponin I levels elevated in ICU patients with COVID-19, associated with higher mortality rates. Elevated cTnI levels are a prognostic factor for ICU admission and mortality in COVID-19 patients.
A new study led by Katie Barott found that climate change-resistant corals can thrive in different environments and maintain their resilient qualities after transplantation. The research suggests that these hardy corals could serve as a founding population to restore reefs in the future.
Research comparing adults born very preterm or very low birth weight to those born full term found a significant difference in average IQ scores, with VP/VLBW individuals scoring approximately 12 points less than term-born adults.
Researchers investigated mRNA vaccination response in Israeli cancer patients. Patients with cancer who received the vaccine showed seropositivity, indicating an immune response against SARS-CoV-2. The study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of mRNA vaccines in this vulnerable population.
Researchers will use a new framework to understand people's behavior in large-scale cooperation problems, including caring for the climate. The five-year study aims to explain cultural and demographic variability of rule-following and how it shapes cooperative behavior.
The study reveals that the environment can have contrasting effects on localization in quantum systems, depending on the strength of disorder and interaction. This discovery suggests new ways to protect quantum devices from noise and potentially grant them novel properties.
A team of researchers from USTC developed a novel Ni-W-Cu alloy, demonstrating 4.31 times higher efficiency than traditional platinum-based catalysts in alkaline medium hydrogen oxidation. The alloy maintains high activity for up to 20 hours and shows excellent resistance to CO poisoning.
A study found that exoskeleton-assisted walking improved bowel evacuation time and stool consistency in participants with chronic spinal cord injury. The intervention plan included walking, not just standing, and resulted in notable improvements in bowel function.
Researchers from Hokkaido University revealed a molecular mechanism for plant flowering under low-nitrogen conditions. The FBH4 protein, regulated by SnRK1 activity, controls gene expression essential for flowering and nitrogen recycling.
A study in Lombardy, Italy found that SARS-CoV-2 reinfections are rare events, with patients who have recovered from COVID-19 having a lower risk of reinfection. The observation was limited by the timing of the study, as variants had not yet spread.
Researchers have discovered a novel consortium of bacteria that can prevent and treat chronic immune-mediated colitis in humanized mouse models. The treatment targets the source of inflammatory bowel disease, restoring normal gut function and reducing symptoms.
A new study from the University of Chicago and Harvard Medical School found no relationship between low-value care exposure and favorable patient ratings. Despite concerns that catering to patient satisfaction may lead to worse outcomes, the researchers eliminated patient-level factors and gained a less-biased look at the relationship,...
Researchers at University College London have pioneered a single-dose radiotherapy approach for breast cancer treatment that is as effective as traditional radiotherapy and avoids potential damage to nearby organs. The treatment, TARGIT-IORT, has been shown to reduce the risk of fatal cardiovascular disease and other cancers in patients.
The La Jolla Institute for Immunology has partnered with Synbal, Inc. to develop multi-gene, humanized mouse models for COVID-19 research. These new models are expected to provide a better understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease severity, enabling the development of more effective vaccines and therapies.
A study of 45 million mobile users in the US found that poorer communities spent less time indoors during lockdowns, with lower earners often unable to afford stay-at-home orders or working from home. This disparity worsens social inequality and puts vulnerable groups at greater risk from COVID-19.
A survey study found associations between having a family member incarcerated and decreased well-being and life expectancy among US adults. The study also identified other factors that contribute to these negative effects on well-being and life expectancy.
Researchers at EPFL's Integrated Systems Laboratory have developed a system that can measure propofol concentration in patients as they're being operated on, adjusting doses accordingly. The device uses machine learning to provide accurate measurements, overcoming the challenge of propofol sticking to needles
A breakthrough study uses oral tactile visualization of complex 3D structures to improve accessibility in STEM education for blind and visually impaired students. Students recognized structures by mouth at 85.59% accuracy, similar to recognition by eyesight using computer animation.
A new model predicts that rising temperatures in the UK will increase the risk of West Nile virus outbreaks, which are spread by mosquitoes with no vaccine available. The risk is currently low but expected to rise as temperatures increase.
The SNMMI Virtual Annual Meeting will convene over 6,000 attendees to share breaking news and research in precision medicine, focusing on early diagnosis, effective therapy delivery, and optimized treatment monitoring. The meeting features hundreds of scientific abstracts and a cutting-edge exhibit hall.
Researchers found that landowners who have talked to a wildlife professional are more likely to secure attractants, emphasizing the importance of collective factors in improving wildlife-human coexistence. Effective communication and outreach could increase behaviors by highlighting social influence and neighborly norms.
A large genetic study suggests that going to bed earlier may be associated with a lower risk of major depression. The study found that one-hour earlier sleep timing corresponded to a 23% lower likelihood of having a major depressive disorder. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind this effect and how shifting sl...
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen conducted a study on stem cell transplantation, revealing that one drug is more effective than previously thought due to its impact on cell signaling pathways. This discovery may lead to improved drugs for both stem cell mobilization and HIV treatment.
The Heart Failure 2021 congress showcases the latest evidence on preventing and managing heart failure, including the impact of COVID-19 and digital health. Researchers will present data on improving quality of life for patients with heart failure through medication, physical activity, diet, and implantable devices.
The Cornell Farmworker Program is expanding its efforts to reach New York state's diverse farmworkers with critical health and legal information. The grant will help integrate on-the-ground training with Cornell University research across colleges.
Researchers develop microscopic theory of magnetoelectric effect in FeCr2O4 ferrimagnet, revealing two effective mechanisms for electric polarization and optical absorption. The study enhances prediction of electron-deformation coupling parameters, crucial for magnetostriction applications and critical temperature control.
Researchers reviewed various nanofibrous membranes for their filtration efficiency and pressure drop, highlighting the trade-off between mechanical adsorption and electrostatic adsorption in nanoparticle removal. Six filter classifications were also presented, including net/nanofiber and conductive filters.
Haizhen Wang, a MUSC Hollings Cancer Center researcher, has received a $225,000 Young Investigator grant from the Melanoma Research Alliance. She will investigate the function of protein CDK6 in T-cells to improve melanoma therapy outcomes.
A recent study finds that countries around the Baltic Sea are not respecting their binding international agreement to reduce agricultural pollution, leading to excess algae growth and eutrophication. The researchers identify shortcomings in compliance with important reduction measures in all nine signatory countries.
Dr. Caroline Krejci is developing a new system that allows farmers to choose trusted drivers, providing more control and autonomy at lower costs. The project aims to reduce fees paid to middlemen and increase convenience for farmers.
Researchers found that Japan's mimamoru approach allows children to nurture social and interpersonal skills on their own by not intervening in conflicts. This approach maximizes learning through minimal intervention, encouraging kids to solve problems independently.
A new study uses liquid biopsy analysis to detect and classify childhood tumors based on their unique epigenetic signatures. This approach enables minimally invasive diagnosis and monitoring without the need for tumor biopsies, holding promise for improved treatment outcomes and personalized therapies.