A genetic study reveals that saltwater crocodiles on remote Seychelles islands were part of a western population, confirming earlier hypotheses based on external characteristics. The species' unique adaptations enabled them to colonize islands and coastal regions over long distances.
The new tool offers a comprehensive phylogenetic dataset that syncs with current taxonomy, allowing users to trace any bird's lineage and explore major evolutionary milestones. Birders can also visualize their eBird life list in context of bird orders, families, and genera.
Scientists at University of Basel and ETH in Zurich successfully changed the polarity of a ferromagnet using a laser beam. The breakthrough method could be used to create adaptive electronic circuits that can be controlled by light.
A study published in Immunity reveals that type I interferons (IFN-I) help resolve inflammation by inducing changes in macrophage mitochondria, improving their ability to remove dead cells. The researchers found that treatment with IFN-I increases macrophage uptake of apoptotic cells and reduces the expression of inflammatory genes.
Researchers developed the Ocean Equity Index to rate ocean initiatives on their recognition of stakeholders, inclusion in decision-making, and treatment. The index offers a practical way to prioritize coastal communities' rights and voices, leading to more equitable outcomes.
Researchers created a comprehensive map showing how eight different genetic mutations associated with autism spectrum disorder affect early brain development. They found that despite initial differences, these mutations increasingly impact overlapping molecular pathways as development progresses.
A new study from Lund University finds that modifiable risk factors like smoking and high blood pressure can damage brain blood vessels and increase dementia risk. Living a healthy lifestyle may help delay symptom onset in Alzheimer's disease.
A study led by researchers from the Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute has identified PARG as a new target to enhance chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. Inhibition of PARG significantly increases the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapy, leading to enhanced cell death and apoptosis in different colorectal cancer models.
Research by Rafaela Lehtme shows that bird's nest parenting, where children stay in one home and parents move back and forth, can improve well-being. This arrangement provides a stable environment for children to grow independence, shifting focus from parental rights to responsibilities.
Researchers developed a novel combined PET imaging approach to personalize radiotherapy for head and neck cancers, creating biologic maps that show tumor characteristics. This strategy led to greater than 90% predicted tumor control probability, outperforming previous literature.
A global study reveals signs of complete extinction in the Canary Islands, where a previously undetected mass mortality event was identified in mid-2022. The affected species is no longer capable of reproducing, potentially leading to local extinction with severe ecological consequences.
A new study found that young adults with complex childhood-onset conditions experience longer hospital stays, higher readmission rates, and greater use of resources in adult hospitals. These patients account for 6.7% of young adult hospitalizations but occupy 10.7% of all hospital bed-days.
Adverse experiences throughout life increase dementia and stroke risks, with depression as a mediating factor. Implementing life-course interventions addressing psychological trauma and mental health can reduce neurovascular disease burden.
A Europe-wide study reveals that pesticides have substantial effects on beneficial soil organisms, including mycorrhizal fungi and nematodes. The contamination has a major impact on soil biodiversity, highlighting the need to adapt current pesticide assessments and regulations.
A new study reveals how Parkinson's spreads from the gut to the brain via immune cells, identifying a key role for gut macrophages in transporting toxic proteins. Reducing these cells can slow disease progression and improve motor symptoms in mice.
The study analyzed US state-level adult obesity prevalence from 1990 to 2022, showing a significant increase to 42.5% by 2022 and forecasted to 46.9% by 2035. Disparities in obesity rates vary substantially by race and ethnicity.
A systematic review of 12 million births in 25 European countries found that private hospitals have a significantly higher caesarean section rate than public hospitals. Among low-risk first-time mothers, the increase in caesarean sections is attributed to non-medical factors such as local routines and financial incentives.
The InterACT programme equips postdoctoral researchers with skills to translate research into actionable insights. Seven fellows will be selected for a three-year fellowship, focusing on societal impact and stakeholder engagement.
CiQUS researcher María Giménez López leads ZEST project to develop hybrid battery based on zinc, bromine, and manganese dioxide, offering safer and scalable solutions. The project aims to create stable, efficient, and cost-effective energy storage systems with industrial partners like Fraunhofer ISE.
Treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) significantly lowers risks of limb events, cardiovascular events, all-cause mortality, and kidney disease progression compared to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in patients with diabetes. GLP-1 RAs are preferred for secondary prevention in this high-risk population.
The Huayuan biota provides a rare snapshot of ancient ecosystems following the Sinsk Event mass extinction, featuring diverse animal species, complex food webs, and fully functional biological carbon pump mechanisms. The discovery sheds light on transoceanic dispersal events and refugia for faunal migration during this critical post-ex...
Researchers identify a protein, PAF15, as a natural brake that prevents DNA replication from becoming overloaded and protects cells from the replication catastrophe. In cancer cells, high levels of PAF15 may create a vulnerability for targeting rapidly dividing tumor cells.
Researchers at Columbia University have observed a superfluid transitioning into an insulating phase, exhibiting properties of both liquid-like and solid-like behavior. The finding suggests that the low-temperature phase may be a highly unusual exciton solid, leaving room for further exploration and potential observation of supersolids.
A novel AI framework uses speech patterns to detect cognitive decline years before traditional tools can, offering non-invasive screening for neurodegenerative conditions. The approach analyzes complex dynamics and transitions hidden in speech to reveal subtle patterns and extract objective biomarkers from natural patient behavior.
A new fabrication method, optofluidic assembly, has been developed to create tiny 3D objects from a variety of materials, including metals, semiconductors and polymers. The technique uses light-driven flow to guide the assembly of micro- or nanoparticles within a confined space.
A new study has identified optimized immunosuppressive strategies that allow transplanted iPSC-CMs to survive without immune rejection in non-human primates. The researchers found a triple-drug regimen consisting of methylprednisolone, calcineurin inhibitors, and mycophenolate mofetil reliably prevents acute immune rejection.
Agricultural waste from crops like wheat, rice, and maize can act as a powerful carbon sink when diverted into construction products. The study finds that these materials can store carbon for decades rather than releasing it within months.
A study published in Current Anthropology analyzed hair samples from Turkana communities to understand their dietary habits, revealing a dynamic and interconnected economy. The research challenges assumptions about pastoralism and highlights the ability of herders to adapt to volatile conditions.
A Concordia University study reveals that nearly half of Montreal's elderly care facilities lack public EV charging stations within a 15-minute walk. This limits access not only for residents but also for caregivers and staff. Strategically placing new chargers in underserved areas can improve accessibility without expanding the network.
A team at Stanford University developed a new optical cavity architecture that enables efficient collection of single photons from single atoms, paving the way for million-qubit quantum computer networks. This breakthrough could lead to significant advances in materials design, chemical synthesis, and medical research.
A new study reveals that small river impoundments significantly elevate water temperatures and increase the pathogenic impact of Proliferative Kidney Disease (PKD) among brown trout. Dams create hotspots for the myxozoan parasite Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, leading to higher infection prevalence and severe disease progression.
FAIRification is made possible through a step-by-step approach using the DZD basic data set as an example. The study provides concrete recommendations for the scientific community, facilitating faster comparisons, new findings, and efficient use of existing resources.
For the first time, researchers have directly visualized how newly formed cellular organelles leave the endoplasmic reticulum and transition onto microtubule tracks inside living cells. The study reveals that the ER plays an active role in steering intracellular traffic.
A University of Waterloo scientist and international collaborators found that airborne mineral dust promotes algae growth on the Greenland ice sheet, exacerbating melting. The study reveals that phosphorus in the dust fuels the growth of pigmented glacier algae.
Researchers discovered that animals across species exhibit sunk cost bias, valuing items more if they've invested time and effort into acquiring them. This phenomenon is linked to dopamine release in the brain, influencing behavior and decision-making.
Glycosylated RNAs on the cell surface form clusters with RNA binding proteins, regulating interactions with surrounding growth factors and controlling angiogenesis. The study found that altering the amount of RNA on the cell surface can modify intracellular signaling cascades through selective interaction with growth factors.
A University of Stirling-led study finds that deforestation, farming, and urbanization can heighten the risk of zoonotic diseases like Covid-19 and malaria. The research highlights the need for careful land-use planning to protect both human health and nature.
The US administration's attacks on biomedical research and vaccination policies have severe consequences for healthcare protection and global public health. Certain scientific topics in infectious diseases and immunology have been deprioritized, and the US has withdrawn from major global public health programs.
A new optical amplifier developed at Stanford University can intensify light signals up to 100 times with minimal power loss. The device's efficiency allows it to be powered by a battery, enabling its potential use in smartphones and laptops.
Researchers have engineered gut bacteria that dim their fluorescent glow in the presence of illness, allowing for early detection of gut conditions. The developed biosensor can provide continuous monitoring through stool samples and pick up subtle changes in gut health before symptoms develop.
The development of fluorooxoborate crystal NH4B4O6F (ABF) resolves the field challenge of meeting all criteria for VUV NLO materials. ABF achieves excellent VUV transparency, a strong NLO coefficient, and substantial birefringence while fulfilling practical criteria such as large crystal size and high laser-induced damage threshold.
This review synthesizes current applications of AI and smart devices in MASLD care, discussing their benefits and limitations. AI models leverage EHR, laboratory data, and multi-omics information to predict risk and severity, while also enhancing medical imaging interpretation and liver histopathology assessment.
The American Society of Hematology released guidelines on the diagnosis of light chain (AL) amyloidosis, a rare and life-threatening disease of the bone marrow. The guidelines outline best practices for diagnosing the disorder, which typically takes about three years to diagnose.
Restoring ecosystem function in Europe's drylands can reverse desertification by re-establishing natural water redistribution processes. Functional restoration focuses on rebuilding simple structures to restore these networks, recover vital ecosystem services and support major policy frameworks.
A randomized controlled trial with 24 adults found that consuming 6-7 ounces of beef per day did not impact risk factors for type 2 diabetes or other cardiometabolic health markers. The study suggests that regular beef intake supports heart health and does not adversely affect blood sugar regulation or inflammation.
Research from City St George's University of London found self-employed individuals report 24% higher stress levels than non-self-employed counterparts over a six-year period. Cortisol levels also remained elevated throughout the day, suggesting prolonged exposure to daily stresses.
A study by researchers at Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe has developed a method to resolve phase ambiguity in measuring cosmic birefringence. The technique may provide clues to unknown physical theories and dark matter, reducing uncertainty in observations.
The 2024-25 Timor-Leste Fish Consumption Survey found that the country is eating more fish than ever before, with an average of 8.7 kilograms per person per year. The survey provides valuable data for planning evidence-based fisheries and aquaculture investments to strengthen food security and improve diets.
Researchers have developed a non-invasive method to estimate blood oxygen levels in heart failure patients using standard cardiac MRI. This breakthrough could spare thousands from undergoing risky tube procedures, allowing for safer and more frequent monitoring.
Researchers developed a novel tool using extracellular vesicles to introduce genetic modifications into Pneumocystis murina fungus. The modified fungus expressed introduced genomic modifications, potentially leading to new therapeutics for HIV/AIDS and organ transplant patients.
A Kennesaw State University researcher is working on a new type of robotic hand that can move more naturally, enabling robots to handle objects with greater precision. The research uses advanced artificial intelligence to replicate human-like behavior, allowing robots to interact with their environment in a more intuitive way.
ISM0676 demonstrates excellent metabolic stability, superior efficacy at low doses, and a favorable safety profile, leading to significant body weight reduction and improved body composition. The compound's synergistic efficacy with Semaglutide supports its further clinical development as an obesity treatment.
The Kraft Prize for Excellence and Innovation in Community Health recognizes organizations driving measurable improvements in community health. The prize recipient will receive $100,000 and tailored support from the Kraft Center.
A review of 300 peer-reviewed studies found roadkill being used to map species distributions, monitor disease and environmental pollution, study diets, track invasive species, supply museum collections, and discover new species. This approach offers ethical advantages by avoiding live capture and handling.
The new platform developed by UVA Health scientists can produce vaccines much faster, cheaper, and more easily than traditional approaches. The platform's proof-of-concept demonstrates its ability to produce highly immunogenic vaccines that can be manufactured at extremely low cost.
A new study suggests an experimental peptide, TXM-CB3, reduces recurring seizures and protects brain function in preclinical studies. Early treatment with the peptide shows significant benefits in reducing seizure activity and improving cognitive function.
Lipid droplets regulate diverse cellular processes in cancer, including membrane biosynthesis and metabolic homeostasis. Targeting lipid metabolism may disrupt tumor survival and counteract immune cell-mediated protumorigenic effects.
ABCA–ABCG transporters play a crucial role in biliary secretion, with mutations leading to various hepatobiliary disorders. Next-generation genetic testing enables tailored management, while emerging therapies hold promise for cholestatic diseases. Genetic counseling is recommended for family planning and risk assessment.
A new system integrates terahertz spectroscopy with deep learning to accurately image, detect, and classify explosives. It achieved a remarkable average classification accuracy of 99.42% at the pixel level for exposed samples.
The Society for Laboratory Automation and Screening (SLAS) has developed a comprehensive framework to educate scientists on laboratory automation, addressing the growing gap between technology adoption and training pathways. The project aims to create shared standards for automation education, expanding access to training across instit...