Transmission of drug-resistant HIV-1
Researchers found drug-resistant viruses can circulate between individuals who haven
Search results for “Microbiology”
1,000+ results for "Microbiology"
Spreading antibiotics in the soil affects microbial ecosystems
Repeatedly, molecular microbiological techniques have found changes in soil bacterial communities after antibiotic use in intensive livestock production. Bacteria involved in the nitrogen cycle are particularly affected, with persistent changes even after antibiotics break down.
Poultry and diabetics at risk from gas gangrene bug
Clostridium perfringens produces a potent toxin that promotes tissue damage, inflammation, and heart effects, posing significant risks to poultry and diabetic individuals.
Fish oils reduce greenhouse gas emissions from flatulent cows
Researchers at University College Dublin found that adding fish oil to the diet of cattle reduced methane emissions by affecting the gut bacteria. This discovery offers a targeted approach to mitigating methane's potent greenhouse gas effects.
Superbug risk to war wounded
Severe injuries on battlefields increase risk of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in war-wounded soldiers. Effective personal protective equipment and medical care have improved survival rates but not mitigated the risk of wound infections.
Genes that make bacteria make up their minds
Researchers have identified the DegU protein as crucial for bacterial decision-making in biofilms. This protein enables individual bacteria to switch between different physiological processes, such as movement and biofilm production, in response to environmental conditions.
Microbes in mud flats clean up oil spill chemicals
Researchers found that microbes in coastal mudflats can rapidly degrade petrochemical residues in aerobic conditions, but slower in anaerobic conditions. The study suggests using these microbes as a natural way to clean up pollution in estuaries.
Slow-growing TB bacteria point the way to new drug development
The discovery of slow-growing Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria in TB patients' lungs may lead to the design of new anti-TB drugs. These slowly growing bacteria are non-responsive to treatment with isoniazid, contributing to prolonged treatment times and relapse rates.
Corrosion-inhibiting coatings containing 'good' bacteria
A new environmentally friendly coating has been developed using spores from a bacterium to prevent microbial corrosion of metals in seawater. The coating was found to be substantially more effective than existing treatments and could be heat cured at temperatures up to 90°C.
Seattle Times reporters win ASM public communications award
The Seattle Times reporters Michael Berens and Ken Armstrong won the American Society for Microbiology Public Communication Award for their three-part investigation into methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Washington State hospitals. The series, known as "Culture of Resistance," highlighted microbiology's role in cont...
Superbug complicates treatment of infections in cystic fibrosis
The Burkholderia cepacia complex's ability to produce exopolysaccharide slime complicates cystic fibrosis treatment, as it can form biofilms that protect bacteria against antibiotics and natural defenses. This superbug's potential for causing serious infections may have been underestimated due to its lab-grown behavior.
University of Florida professor receives IADR Research in Dental Caries Award
Dr. Robert Burne, a renowned oral microbiologist, has received the prestigious IADR Research in Dental Caries Award for his groundbreaking studies on Streptococcus mutans and the formation of oral biofilms. The award recognizes his extensive contributions to understanding caries etiology and prevention.
No hiding place for infecting bacteria
Researchers in Colorado discovered a way to disrupt Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation by targeting protein and DNA with specific enzymes. This breakthrough could lead to improved treatment strategies for infections caused by this bacteria, which are prevalent in burns, wounds, and cystic fibrosis patients.
Hospital mobile phones 'superbug' scare
Mobile phone handsets used by hospital workers are highly contagious with bacteria, including MRSA, and can lead to infections ranging from skin complaints to life-threatening illness. The study recommends strict infection-control procedures and decontamination methods to prevent the spread of infection.
SourceBMC (BioMed Central)·JournalAnnals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials·DateMar 5, 2009
Biodefense news tips
Researchers have developed new techniques to quickly identify bacterial infections and determine the best antibiotic treatment. A nanoparticle-based method can detect bacterial strains in hours, while scientists also uncovered genetic basis of morphological differences in anthrax letter material.
Special issue of BMC Microbiology spotlights standardized language for describing microbes
A universal language for describing genes involved in microbial-host interactions has been created, providing a shared vocabulary for researchers. The Gene Ontology resource will increase knowledge of molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions, ultimately leading to the design of novel disease-limiting strategies.
Radioimmunotherapy: Promising treatment for HIV infection and viral cancers
Scientists at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have developed radioimmunotherapy to target and destroy HIV-infected cells. The treatment, which uses antibodies attached to radioactive payloads, shows promise in laboratory and animal studies, and is currently being tested in pre-clinical trials.
Gut bacteria can manufacture defenses against cancer and inflammatory bowel disease
Research suggests that gut bacteria convert linoleic acid into conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), which has anti-cancer properties and may provide therapy for inflammatory bowel disease. The 'good' form of CLA is found in dairy products.
Scientists discover how deadly fungus protects itself
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have discovered that the protective capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans fungus grows by linking saccharides together, allowing it to evade the immune system. This finding could lead to new therapies or vaccines against fungal infections.
SourceAlbert Einstein College of Medicine·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateFeb 3, 2009
ISU researchers develop technique for quick detection of Salmonella
Iowa State University researchers have developed a technique called tape-FISH that can test produce for Salmonella contamination in about two hours. This approach uses adhesive tape to collect a sample from the skin of the produce, which is then analyzed using Fluorescent In-Situ Hybridization.
New infant formula safety advice could prevent infant suffering
Recent research provides valuable guidance on storing wheat-based infant formulas safely. Infants can benefit from the prevention of Cronobacter species growth by using fruit juices instead of water or milk, with optimal temperatures at 4°C.
Uncultured bacteria found in amniotic fluids of women who experience preterm births
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Microbiology found that 60% of bacteria present in women with intra-amniotic inflammations were missed by traditional culture testing. The researchers identified a comprehensive list of microbial species using new DNA methods, including harmful bacteria not previously linked to preterm birth.
Scientists discover 21st century plague
Researchers found that brown rats in Europe carry several pathogenic species of Bartonella bacteria, including B. elizabethae, which can cause heart disease in humans. The study raises concerns about the existence of other reservoirs and vectors for this emerging infection.
Stomach ulcer bug causes bad breath
A recent study discovered that Helicobacter pylori bacteria can be found in the mouths of people with halitosis without showing signs of stomach disease. The researchers found a significant association between the presence of H. pylori and periodontal disease, which is also a cause of bad breath.
New bacteria discovered in raw milk
Scientists have identified new species of bacteria that can grow at low temperatures and spoil raw milk even when refrigerated. The discovery highlights the complex microbial population of raw milk and underscores the importance of developing tools to monitor cold-tolerant bacteria.
SourceMicrobiology Society·JournalINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY·DateNov 16, 2008
New type of fuel found in Patagonia fungus
A team at Montana State University has discovered a fungus that produces diesel fuel, which could offer an alternative to fossil fuels. The fungus, called Gliocladium roseum, can grow in cellulose and produce medium-chain hydrocarbons.
Rainforest fungus makes diesel
A unique fungus, Gliocladium roseum, has been discovered to produce diesel compounds from cellulose, offering a promising alternative to traditional biofuels. The fungus can make myco-diesel directly from cellulose, skipping a step in the production process.
Contact lenses are home to pathogenic amoebae
A high percentage of contact lens cases in Tenerife are contaminated with pathogenic Acanthamoeba that cannot be killed by normal contact lens solution. The infection is very painful and can cause blindness. Researchers have found that commercial contact lens solutions do not protect against amoebic keratitis.
Scientists discover bacteria that can cause bone infections
Scientists have identified a new species of bacteria that can cause bone infections, offering hope for improved diagnosis and treatment. The discovery relates to Mycobacterium species, which also cause tuberculosis and leprosy, and may lead to the development of new drugs to combat resistance.
SourceMicrobiology Society·JournalINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY·DateOct 17, 2008
Disinfectants can make bacteria resistant to treatment
Research found that low levels of disinfectants can make Staphylococcus aureus remove toxic chemicals from the cell more efficiently, potentially making it resistant to antibiotics. This increase in efflux pumps may lead to the emergence of resistant bacteria, threatening patients with infections.
Low sensitivity of clinical signatures
New research found that many published clinical genomic signatures have high specificity but very low sensitivity, making them inadequate for most clinical applications. The study suggests that a rigorous approach to evaluating signature quality is necessary to improve the accuracy of sequence-based diagnostics.
SourceBMC (BioMed Central)·JournalAnnals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials·DateSep 24, 2008
New life found in ancient tombs
Researchers have discovered two new species of bacteria growing on the walls of Rome's ancient tombs, which may help preserve these sites. The bacteria, belonging to the Kribbella group, can produce enzymes and antibiotics with useful properties.
SourceMicrobiology Society·JournalINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY·DateSep 24, 2008
Cancer-causing gut bacteria exposed
A team of scientists has discovered that a molecule produced by a common gut bacterium activates signaling pathways associated with cancer cells. The research, published in the Journal of Medical Microbiology, sheds light on the way gut bacteria can cause colon cancer.
Serious disease in pet lizards caused by new bacteria
Researchers have discovered a new bacterium responsible for dermatitis and septicaemia in desert-dwelling lizards. The discovery could help control the disease and protect endangered species, particularly those bred in captivity for release into the wild.
SourceMicrobiology Society·JournalINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY·DateSep 18, 2008
Infectious heart disease death rates rising again say scientists
Despite medical progress, infective endocarditis death rates are rising again, driven by antibiotic-resistant bacteria and degenerative heart valve disease. Early surgery can save lives but requires expert care and precise timing.
Color-coded bacteria can spot oil spills or leaky pipes and storage tanks
Scientists have developed a colour-coded bacteria system to quickly detect oil spills and pollution, providing a more environmentally friendly alternative to current methods. The technique uses harmless bacteria that can detect different chemicals and warn of spreading pollution.
Protein opens hope of treatment for cystic fibrosis patients
Scientists have identified a direct role for the missing protein CFTR in cystic fibrosis, allowing it to recognize and clear lung-damaging bacteria. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments and prolong the lives of patients, who currently face a high risk of death before their 35th birthday due to chronic lung infections.
Bleeding gums linked to heart disease
Researchers found that oral bacteria can cause platelets to clot in blood vessels, blocking blood flow and leading to heart attacks. Studies demonstrated that certain proteins on the bacteria play a crucial role in this process, highlighting the need for new treatments and vaccines.
Food poisoning bacteria prefer duck to beef on meat factory surfaces
Researchers found that Listeria monocytogenes can survive on meat factory surfaces more effectively when competing with Pseudomonas fluorescens, a common food spoilage bacteria. The presence of duck juices at optimal temperatures allows for higher attachment levels of Listeria.
Switched-on new nanotechnology paints for hospitals could kill superbugs
Scientists have discovered that tiny particles of titanium dioxide can kill bacteria and destroy dirt when exposed to UV light. The new paint formulations show improved antibacterial efficiency, with some reducing bacterial survival by up to 80%.
Titanium work surfaces could cut food poisoning cases say scientists
Researchers found that titanium coating can reduce the attachment of bacteria like E. coli to food contact surfaces, making them easier to clean and reducing the risk of cross-contamination. The study suggests that hygienic surfaces with comparable scratch sizes retain bacteria poorly, which can be achieved through titanium coatings.
Bacteria's sticky glue is clue to vaccine says scientist
Sticky glue secreted by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria may hold the key to creating an effective vaccine against MRSA. Researchers have found that manipulating this natural compound can stimulate the right immune response, offering a potential solution to the growing problem of antibiotic-resistant infections.
Light-activated treatments could solve MRSA problems after surgery
A new light-activated antimicrobial treatment has shown promise in killing a wide range of bacteria, including drug-resistant MRSA, in infected wounds and burns. The treatment uses indocyanine green dye activated by near-infrared light to produce toxic molecules that rapidly kill the bacteria.
Oil-eating microbes give clue to ancient energy source
Scientists discover diverse microbes that can consume hydrocarbons without oxygen, reflecting early appearance of these compounds as nutrients. Understanding their role may help access natural climate change control.
Bacteria stop sheep dip poisoning fish and bees
Researchers found 8 types of bacteria that can degrade synthetic pyrethroids in sheep dip tanks, potentially preventing soil and river contamination. These microorganisms could be added to prevent environmental pollution.
Food soil stuck to surfaces can hold bacteria in food processing factories
Tiny amounts of food soil can act as a reservoir for pathogenic bacteria in food processing factories. The study suggests that using more precise methods to detect food residue and micro-organisms on surfaces can lead to improved hygiene practices, including the use of targeted cleaning products.
Copper-bottomed guarantee for safe shellfish in restaurants
Researchers develop simple method to make shellfish safe by introducing copper ions into fish tanks, killing 99.99% of Vibrio bacteria within 40 hours.
Brush your teeth to reduce the risk of heart disease
Researchers have discovered a link between gum disease and heart disease, suggesting that controlling gum disease could reduce the risk of heart attacks. The study found that heat shock proteins produced by bacteria can initiate atherosclerosis, a condition that causes "furring" of the arteries.
Compost heap bacteria could provide 10 percent of UK transport fuel needs
Researchers have developed a new strain of bacteria that can convert waste plant fibre into ethanol, providing a potential solution to the UK's transport fuel needs. The process is energy-efficient and uses agricultural waste materials, offering greater environmental benefits than traditional biofuels.
Catching the blood cell bus gives fatal yeast infection a clean getaway
Scientists discovered that Cryptococcus yeast cells hide inside macrophages and use them as vehicles to travel through the body before attacking and spreading. This new escape mechanism allows the yeast cells to evade antifungal drugs and the immune system, making fatal infections harder to treat.
Living sensor can warn of arsenic pollution
Scientists have discovered a living sensor bacteria that can thrive in cold temperatures and clean up arsenic contamination. The discovery also opens up possibilities for developing an arsenic biosensor to warn of pollution escapes into watercourses or drinking water supplies.
Milk may help bacteria survive against low levels of antibiotics
Scientists have discovered that milk may help prevent Staphylococcus bacteria from being killed by low concentrations of antibiotics. This could lead to a better control of mastitis, reduce disease costs, and lower the risk of antibiotic-resistant bacteria spreading.
Rattlesnake-type poisons used by superbug bacteria to beat our defenses
Scientists discovered that biofilm bacteria produce harmful chemicals, including a protein similar to rattlesnake venom, which can cause disease progression and resistance to antibiotics. This research has significant implications for the treatment of hospital superbugs, cystic fibrosis, and cancer.
Energy-saving bacteria resist antibiotics
Bacteria use multifunctional enzymes to save energy and produce cell wall components, making them resistant to fluoroquinolone antibiotics. This 'moonlighting' activity protects the enzyme DNA gyrase from attack by antibiotics.
Early trigger for type 1 diabetes found in mice, Stanford scientists report
Researchers found that interferon-alpha plays a key role in the onset of type 1 diabetes by triggering an immune response that destroys pancreatic beta cells. This discovery could provide new insights into the disease and potentially lead to new treatments.
New and improved test for West Nile virus in horses
A new test for West Nile virus in horses has been developed, which could be modified for use on humans and wildlife. The test is highly effective at diagnosing infections and provides accurate results, making it useful for tracking the ecology and epidemiology of the disease.
Survivors of 1918 flu pandemic protected with a lifetime immunity to virus
New research reveals that infection with the 1918 influenza virus granted survivors lifelong protection against the disease. Antibodies produced by these individuals proved effective in blocking the viral infection in mice.
New bacterial species found in human mouth
Scientists discovered a new Prevotella species in the mouth, which could help understand oral diseases. The finding confirms that oral bacteria can invade tissues and individual cells, paving the way for new prevention measures and treatments.
SourceMicrobiology Society·JournalINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY·DateAug 10, 2008
Potential new drug target to fight tuberculosis identified
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College have identified a key membrane protein, Rv3671c, essential to Mycobacterium tuberculosis' defense against immune cell acidification. Disabling this protein makes the bacterium vulnerable to acidification and killing.
Francisella tularensis: Stopping a biological weapon
A vaccine for tularemia, caused by Francisella tularensis, is being developed as the disease's potential as a bioterrorism agent has increased. Researchers have made progress in understanding the bacterium's pathogenesis and identifying potential targets for a vaccine.