A new AI tool, DEPLOY, has been developed to predict DNA methylation and classify brain tumors into 10 major subtypes with remarkable accuracy. This technology addresses the need for rapid diagnosis and availability of tests in hospitals worldwide.
Researchers from ANU and UoN unlock the secrets of carboxysomal carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme crucial for cyanobacteria's efficient carbon dioxide capture. This discovery holds promise for engineering climate-resilient crops that can produce more food while reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Research from ANU and UQ found that people on the autism spectrum are predisposed to PTSD, with mild stress triggering traumatic memories. The study pinpointed brain mechanisms responsible for this occurrence, shedding light on hypersensitivity to stress.
A new study from Australian National University reveals that Pacific cities were established around AD 300, 700 years earlier than previously thought. This discovery sheds light on the indigenous innovation of urbanisation in the Pacific, which developed before Western influence.
New research from ANU and other institutions predicts Australia will experience megadroughts lasting over 20 years, with consequences exacerbated by climate change. The study also found that 20th-century droughts in southwestern and eastern Australia were longer on average than pre-industrial times.
A team of researchers from the Australian National University has identified a gene mutation responsible for causing psoriasis, which can also lead to psoriatic arthritis. The discovery could improve diagnosis and treatment for patients with these conditions, reducing stigma in the community.
Researchers at ANU and CSIRO discovered three distinct species of delicate mouse in Australia, previously considered a single species. The discovery sheds light on the conservation status of these tiny rodents, which have evolved over five million years.
A recent study from Australian National University reveals that many native bird species are facing uncertain futures due to factors like island isolation, adaptability to agricultural areas, and evolutionary uniqueness. The researchers found that slow-breeding species with larger body sizes tend to struggle with environmental changes.
Researchers from ANU discovered a new ability of Atypical B cells (ABCs) to fight infectious diseases like malaria. ABCs play a crucial role in developing T follicular helper cells that generate powerful antibodies.
Researchers at Australian National University developed a new method to accurately spot underground nuclear tests, including those conducted in secret. The approach achieved a 99% success rate in classifying known explosions, including those conducted by North Korea from 2006 to 2017.
A protein called Ku70 can be activated to help overcome bowel cancer by detecting damaged DNA in cells. The protein prevents cancer cells from becoming more aggressive and spreading, keeping them dormant. Researchers hope this breakthrough will lead to improved early detection and treatment methods.
Researchers used ALMA to study the motion of gas in ancient spiral galaxy BRI 1335-0417, detecting seismic waves that reveal the galaxy's dynamic growth. The findings suggest that gas was streaming into the galaxy or colliding with smaller galaxies, fueling star formation at a rate hundreds of times faster than modern galaxies.
Researchers have conducted the most comprehensive genome analysis of Indigenous Australians, revealing hundreds of thousands of unique DNA variations. These findings hold promise for tailored treatments addressing health inequities and improving outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.
A previously unknown function of the DECTIN-1 protein has been discovered, which exacerbates severe autoimmune diseases in its mutated state. The researchers believe they can control the immune system by turning the protein on and off, offering new treatment options for autoimmune disease and cancer.
A major global study found that animals are being pushed to their physical limits as they struggle to adapt to rising temperatures sparked by human-caused climate change. This is leading to widespread displacement, particularly among marine life that will be forced to abandon their habitats in search of cooler pastures.
Researchers have improved the accuracy of past Antarctic ice sheet melt predictions, providing a more realistic forecast of future sea level rise. The new model suggests a contribution of 9.8 meters from the Antarctic ice sheet, reducing previous estimates of 20-52cm by 2100.
A new study finds that AI-generated white faces are perceived as more realistic than human faces, highlighting a potential threat to people of color. The researchers attribute this discrepancy to the disproportionate training of AI algorithms on white faces, which can lead to the reinforcement of racial biases online.
Archaeological findings suggest that First Nations people buried dingoes alongside humans, indicating a close relationship and almost-human status. The care taken to bury the animals reveals a diet heavily influenced by human scraps, highlighting substantial relationships between humans and dingoes prior to European colonization.
Researchers developed a non-invasive blood test using nanotechnology and AI to detect early neurodegeneration signs of Alzheimer's disease. The test could be done by GPs, providing near real-time results for patients, potentially improving health outcomes.
A 64-year-old Australian woman was infected with Ophidascaris robertsi, a parasitic roundworm common to carpet pythons, after handling native grass contaminated with the parasite's eggs. The case highlights the risk of zoonotic diseases and the importance of food safety when foraging in areas where wildlife is present.
A new study reveals that climate change and plate tectonics played a crucial role in shaping the uneven distribution of animal species across Wallace's Line. Species from Asia were more successful at adapting to Australia's climate, while Australian species struggled to thrive on tropical islands.
The discovery of the Protosterol Biota, dated to at least 1.6 billion years ago, reveals a previously unknown 'lost world' of complex eukaryotes that thrived in ancient oceans and lakes. These microscopic creatures are believed to have been the first predators on Earth, playing a pivotal role in shaping ecosystems.
Physicists at ANU developed nanoparticles to increase the frequency of light that can be seen by cameras, enabling analysis of tiny objects down to one billionth of a meter. This technology could help create microscopes with higher resolution and mitigate issues associated with conventional optical and electron microscopy.
Researchers at ANU and AMRI used micro-CT scans to study a fossilized plesiosaur's stomach contents, finding 17 previously undiscovered fish vertebrae. This study provides insights into the evolutionary history of extinct organisms and helps predict how modern marine life may respond to climate change.
A study of over 6,000 participants found that those consuming more than 550 milligrams of magnesium per day had a brain age approximately one year younger by 55 compared to those with normal intake. Increased magnesium intake was also associated with lower risk of dementia and better cognitive function.
Seismologists from ANU have documented evidence of a distinct layer inside the Earth's inner core, known as the innermost inner core, which is a solid metallic ball. This discovery provides a new way to probe the Earth's inner core and its centremost region.
Researchers from Australian National University have developed a new plant-inspired technology to extract valuable minerals, metals, and nutrients from resource-rich wastewater. This approach could offset 13.4% of global agricultural demand for phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium, and provide electricity for 158 million households.
Researchers at Australian National University and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre found that targeting the Menin protein can reactivate dormant genes, making cancer cells visible to the immune system. This discovery could lead to more effective treatments for lymphoma and lung cancer by combining Menin inhibitors with existing therapies.
Researchers at Australian National University found that plants in southeast Australia have shifted towards less productive growth strategies over the last 4,000 years, due to drier and unstable conditions. This trend is likely to continue under expected more frequent droughts, threatening ecosystem benefits for humans.
Scientists from the Australian National University have discovered that the world's oldest large organisms, Ediacara biota, ate bacteria and algae sourced from the ocean floor. The findings provide new insights into the physiology of our earliest animal ancestors.
Researchers at Australian National University have developed a new way to boost the performance of silicon photovoltaic cells. By adding passivating contacts, they significantly reduce electrical losses and increase productivity.
Researchers from Australian National University confirmed the existence of a large core at Mars' center, measuring approximately 3,620 kilometers in diameter. This discovery sheds light on the Red Planet's magnetic field and its significance for sustaining life.
A team of researchers, working with Traditional Owners in the Tanami desert, discovered 12 boab trees with carvings that tell the stories of Indigenous Australians. The ancient art is equally significant as rock art and is now in danger of being lost due to the tree's soft inner wood.
Researchers found population declines were much larger than previously thought, with Tonga's main island experiencing a decline of 70-86% after European contact. The study used aerial laser scanning data and archaeological records to estimate the pre-contact population size, which was significantly higher than previous estimates.
Native Australian rodents have been mapped using DNA analysis, providing a clearer picture of their evolutionary history and spread across the Pacific. The study reveals that mountain formation in New Guinea five million years ago triggered the spread of native rodents across the region.
A global study reveals that COVID-19 has led to a significant increase in orphaned children worldwide. The analysis, conducted by researchers at Australian National University, found that fertility rates, poverty, vaccine coverage, and disease prevalence contribute to the risk of children losing one or both parents during the pandemic.
Researchers have discovered the oldest clinical case of Klinefelter Syndrome in a 1,000-year-old skeleton from Portugal, providing new insights into the prevalence of the condition throughout human history. The study used a combination of genetic, statistical, and anthropological analysis to confirm the diagnosis.
Researchers from ANU uncovered three ancient burials on Alor Island, showcasing different mortuary practices that may relate to multiple migratory routes. The findings provide new data for understanding the evolution and diversification of burial practices in Southeast Asia.
New research reveals that food production is a major stressor on the planet, impacting biodiversity loss and climate change. The study identifies key interactions between Earth system processes, such as green water and nutrient runoff, which must be considered in designing and implementing sustainable agriculture policies.
A team of researchers from Australian National University developed a mathematical model to simulate the impact of prolonged exposure to zero gravity on the cardiovascular system. The model assesses the risk of fainting or medical emergencies when stepping out of a spacecraft on Mars, providing crucial insight for human mission planning.
A team of climate scientists predicts the East Antarctic Ice Sheet could contribute up to 5m to sea levels by 2500 if greenhouse gas emissions aren't reduced. Limiting global warming to well below two degrees Celsius can avoid this worst-case scenario.
Researchers at Australian National University and James Cook University identified a natural mechanism that enables plants to limit water loss without compromising CO2 uptake. This discovery has significant implications for the agricultural industry, potentially leading to drought-tolerant crops that can withstand extreme weather events.
Scientists discover guanylate-binding proteins that can directly kill specific types of bacteria, offering new treatment options for drug-resistant infections. These proteins can also be used in combination with existing antibiotics to enhance treatment effectiveness.
A study by Australian National University found that at least 25,245 people in remote communities had access to non-compliant drinking water services. The researchers also identified 408 locations with poor water quality, including 40% of Indigenous communities. A national drinking water database is urgently needed to address these gaps.
Researchers at ANU have created a new way to synthesize bicyclic peptides, which can attach to specific proteins to fight diseases. The new method allows for more control over the final product and can be automated, increasing accessibility for biomedical researchers.
A new study from Australian National University finds that electric vehicles can handle the distances required to travel to essential services in remote and regional Australia. The results show that 93% of residents could do these trips with even lower-range electric vehicles, without needing to recharge en route.
Physicists at ANU developed translucent slides that produce two distinct images by manipulating light direction. This technology could lead to new devices for faster and cheaper internet, as well as innovative applications in future technologies.
A study by Australian National University researchers found genetic evidence of ancient migration and intermingling between Austronesian peoples and local populations in Wallacea. The findings suggest a significant maritime migration occurred between 3,000 to 3,500 years ago.
A new study reveals that women in marine science face significant barriers to leadership, including social isolation, underrepresentation, and stereotyping. To overcome these challenges, researchers suggest creating family-friendly environments, informal networking opportunities, and support from superiors and peers.
A 390-million-year-old fossil vertebrate has been classified as a member of Sarcopterygii, a group of lobe-finned fishes. The discovery sheds new light on the evolutionary history of four-limbed animals and their early ancestors.