A new study from UTHealth Houston found that flu vaccination was associated with a 40% lower risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease in US adults over a four-year period. The study analyzed a large sample of patients and found that consistent flu vaccination every year had the strongest protective effect.
Izpisua Belmonte's work on cellular rejuvenation programming has the promise to improve aging and age-associated diseases, with potential therapies for new treatments. He was recognized for his innovations leading to discoveries that can reset a cell's aging clock, allowing organs to regenerate.
Researchers found that shallow lakes are linked to fertile plains, high anthropogenic disturbances, and strong water-sediment interactions, making them susceptible to eutrophication. Lake depth also predicts external nutrient load and sensitivity to human disturbance, with shallower lakes being more sensitive.
Researchers at Nagoya City University found that glycerol phosphate modification terminates matriglycan elongation, disrupting cell adhesion and promoting cancer cell migration. Enhanced GroP modification is correlated with increased PCYT2 expression in colorectal cancer tissue.
Researchers investigated how fruit flies respond to threats in groups, finding that higher threat levels trigger greater attention to social cues. The study suggests that attunement with other animals allows individuals to respond quickly and efficiently to threats.
Researchers from Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed a novel Ka band dual circular polarization transmitter, reducing signal losses and increasing transmission efficiency. The design integrates adaptive impedance tuning and calibration techniques, enabling practical devices with improved power efficiency and wide-angle coverage.
Physicists at the University of Basel have created a quantum memory that stores single photons in a warm atomic gas, allowing for efficient storage and retrieval of quantum information. The node can already be used for interesting applications, such as synchronizing randomly produced single photons.
A team of researchers has discovered a property of light that remains unchanged in complex media, allowing for distortion-free communication and sensing. By applying a novel quantum approach, they showed that all light has this invariant property, which can be exploited to correct distortions without losing any light.
An international research team applied a new dynamical model and exceptional historical data to examine major explanations for cultural complexity evolution. The study found little support for many influential theories, including the transition to agriculture and conflict theories.
Scientists successfully measured the attosecond-scale Wigner time delay in molecular photoionization, providing insights into the timing of the photoemission process. The 'double-pointer attoclock' scheme was used to disentangle the orientation-dependent behavior of molecular Coulomb interaction and molecular orbital structure.
Scientists identify PiT2-loop7 missense mutations causing inorganic phosphate dyshomeostasis, leading to primary familial brain calcification. The study reveals how these mutations affect PiT2 phosphorylation and membrane localization, reducing Pi transport activity.
A new biodegradable food packaging system reduces microbial contamination and extends shelf life, reducing waste and foodborne illness. The system uses pullulan-based fibers with natural antimicrobial agents, demonstrating a significant reduction in contamination and an increase in avocado shelf life.
The Biofinder instrument has successfully detected bio-residue in ancient fish fossils from the Green River formation, confirming that biological residues can survive millions of years. The device's capabilities make it an ideal tool for future NASA missions to detect signs of past life on other planetary bodies.
Researchers have discovered changes in the Earth's outer core, which are responsible for generating the magnetic field. According to Zhou's findings, a one-second discrepancy in SKS wave travel time indicates the formation of low-density regions with light elements such as hydrogen and oxygen.
Researchers used topological mathematics and machine learning to identify a hidden relationship between nano-scale structures and thermal conductivity in amorphous silicon. They found that the persistent homology diagram can be used as a descriptor for machine learning, achieving accurate predictions about thermal conductivities.
A study found that only 32% of hospital websites provided full compliance with the Hospital Price Transparency Rule, which requires online posting of prices for knee and hip replacement. Many hospitals also failed to provide machine-readable files or required users to provide personal information.
A new study reveals that population declines have been greatest among species that migrate to areas with more human infrastructure, habitat degradation, and climate change. The research identified 16 human-induced threats to migratory birds, including infrastructure associated with bird disturbance and collisions.
Researchers used an isomer beam to study isomer depletion in a low gamma-ray background environment. They found no evidence of isomer depletion and measured the excitation probability at less than 2×10^−5, consistent with theoretical calculations.
Researchers examine historical data and weather patterns to understand west-side wildfires' timing, size, and causes. They find that severe fires are normal for the region when looking at longer time scales, and conventional fire management tools may be less effective due to extreme winds.
Researchers at Georgia State University have identified an oral antiviral drug, AVG-388, that effectively blocks RSV's RNA polymerase, a key target for replication. The study demonstrates potent antiviral activity in animal models and human airway epithelium organoid cultures.
Researchers found an association between estimated groundwater arsenic concentration and risk of low birth weight, suggesting efforts to reduce arsenic in private wells could help more babies be born at healthy weights. The study used machine learning algorithms to estimate arsenic levels in nearly all US counties.
A new data-driven simulation model projects the national opioid crisis will worsen before it gets better, with over half a million additional deaths predicted over the next decade. The SOURCE model identifies three key strategies that could save more than 100,000 lives by 2032: fentanyl harm reduction, naloxone distribution, and recove...
Researchers found that Treponema denticola, a periodontal pathogen, induces Alzheimer-like tau hyperphosphorylation in mice. The study showed that T. denticola promotes neuroinflammation and increases tau phosphorylation at specific sites.
A scoping review of knowledge graph applications in medical imaging analysis identifies increasing trend and potential future directions. The study highlights the effectiveness of prior knowledge in medical imaging tasks, but also reveals limitations, including limited annotated data and weak generalizability.
A new study found that exposure to high levels of outdoor air pollution increases the risk of death by 20%, while living far from specialty medical clinics and near busy roads also poses a significant risk. The study's predictive model can help policymakers reduce disease burden in communities by mitigating environmental risk factors.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have developed a new method to detect deepfakes, using self-blended images that improve detection accuracy by 5-12%. The team created novel synthesized images with controlled artifacts to train algorithms and found significant improvements in detecting deepfake images and videos.
Researchers from Georgia Institute of Technology develop a new method to terminate arrhythmias by disrupting spiral waves with a single designed stimulus, utilizing a concept called 'teleportation' to move the waves out of control. This approach may reduce energy and pain compared to traditional defibrillation.
Researchers from Dartmouth's Geisel School of Medicine found a significant rate of new TB infections among Tanzanian adolescents. The study used serial testing and identified transient, persistent, and irregular conversions between positive and negative IGRA test results.
Severe brain bleeds in babies have been linked to long-term sight problems, according to a new study. Researchers analyzed data from 32 children who experienced Grade 3 or 4 intraventricular haemorrhage and found that those with more severe bleeding had worse visual outcomes.
During the pandemic, people used social media to bond with friends and family, learn new skills, and stay active. Social media use increased across all demographics, with significant increases among females and 18-24 year-olds, highlighting its potential as a source of social support.
Researchers at UCSB develop soft, semiconducting carbon-based polymer for reconfigurable logic circuits. The conjugated polyelectrolyte enables flexible and power-efficient electronics, promising a new era in computing systems.
A new study found that online lessons during the COVID-19 pandemic led to a worsening of headache symptoms or new onset headaches in over one-third of schoolchildren. The study also linked headaches to depression, anxiety, and decreased academic performance.
A new study found that children with immune-mediated inflammatory disease have a significantly higher risk of premature death, particularly from cancer and suicide. The research, which analyzed data from over 12,000 patients, highlights the need for early cancer screening and mental health support in pediatric care.
Researchers analyzed antibodies to internal and surface proteins of SARS-CoV-2, finding that profiles of internal proteins predicted survival outcomes as well as those for surface proteins. The study suggests targeting other parts of the virus could enhance COVID-19 vaccines and therapies.
Researchers led by Dr. Shuguang Zhang create method to predict design of hydrophilic variant structures of glucose transport membrane proteins, allowing for easier study in water. The new method could lead to development of antibodies to starve tumors of sugar and treat cancer metastasis.
A comprehensive survey of scientific literature suggests that nearly all known biological pathways are linked to Alzheimer's disease. The study found that immune, metabolic and depression-related pathways were consistently cited as major mechanisms contributing to the disease.
A new deep learning model can accurately identify disease-related features from images of eyes, even in low-quality images. The lightweight model is deployable on mobile devices and has better segmentation accuracy than other commercial software.
A new study found that intimate partner violence is often overlooked in custody cases, leading to longer court times and increased risk for mothers. The research suggests that documenting IPV can lead to worse custody outcomes, but also highlights the importance of addressing safety concerns.
A study found that indoor pollutants and human activities impact home biology and chemistry. Researchers detected diverse molecules from skin care products, food, and feces in a test home, with human-derived metabolites dominating the microbiome.
Researchers developed Flu-TCNQ cocrystal with integrated red emission and n-type charge transport properties. This innovative strategy enables the design of multifunctional materials with improved optoelectronic performance. The study provides an effective solution to overcome the challenges of organic material shortages.
A new genetic disease has been identified that causes abnormal brain development in children, resulting in severe learning difficulties. Researchers have discovered the underlying cause of the condition by analyzing changes in a protein coding gene called GRIA1, which helps move electrical signals around the brain.
The University of Houston research team has successfully developed a method for 3D printing organic semiconductor devices using multiphoton lithography, enabling the creation of highly conductive microstructures. The technology has potential applications in emerging fields such as nanoelectronics and bioelectronics.
A research team developed a novel super-resolution microscopy technique combining metal-induced energy transfer and single-molecule localization microscopy. The method achieves isotropic three-dimensional imaging of sub-cellular structures, allowing for high-resolution analysis of protein complexes and organelles.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 16 studies involving 76,373 participants found a significant association between visual impairment and cognitive decline in older adults. The study highlights the need for further research on the effectiveness of treating sight problems to prevent cognitive impairment and dementia.
A new CDC study confirms that COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy significantly protects infants from severe illness and hospitalization due to COVID-19. The risk of hospitalization among babies was reduced by approximately 80% during the Delta wave and 40% during the Omicron wave.
Researchers discovered that porous cell membrane formation allows cancer-inducing proteins to escape and promote tumor growth in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-associated liver cancer. The release of IL-33 and IL-1β from senescent hepatic stellate cells accelerates cancer development by suppressing anti-tumor immunity.
Researchers discovered increased cell cycle activity and proliferation in cardiomyocytes after heart surgery, allowing for remuscularization of the left ventricle. The study identified key genes involved in pathways regulating heart development and cell proliferation.
Researchers have developed an app to help doctors identify patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) at risk of developing infections, allowing for earlier treatment. The app uses blood test results and genetic data to predict patient risk, improving treatment outcomes and reducing pressure on the healthcare system.
A new method using four frequencies of applied voltage improves impedance cytometry for measuring cell size and shape, enabling faster and more accurate biological experiments. The technique reveals specific characteristics of living single cells without damaging them.
Researchers have designed a new anaerobic reactor using polyurethane foam, reducing nitrogen removal costs in Brazil. The system achieves high nitrogen removal efficiency by creating an environment that optimizes denitrification.
A newly developed wearable sensor patch worn on the neck may predict concussion risk in high-impact sports like American football or judo. The device detects sudden neck strain, such as whiplash, and has shown a strong positive correlation with results from sensors inside a test dummy.
The American College of Radiology has issued risk mitigation guidance to help healthcare institutions conserve contrast media supplies amid a global shortage. Two healthcare systems, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and the University of North Carolina, have implemented strategies that reduced their contrast use by at least 50%.
A new analysis of ancient and contemporary genomes shows that more than half of historical groups experienced founder events, leading to reduced genetic diversity. This research has significant implications for scientists studying human genetic variation and the discovery of disease-causing mutations.
A new study reveals that over half of human populations worldwide have experienced sharp dips in population size due to founder events, associated with geographic isolation, hunter-gatherer lifestyle, or cultural practices. This analysis technique, ASCEND, will help identify groups at high risk of genetic diseases.
Researchers developed a bioadhesive containing allantoin and epidermal growth factor to promote wound healing. The study found that the bioadhesive effectively revived skin without sutures, resulting in minimal scarring and hair follicle loss.
Research published by the American Psychological Association found that states with hate crime laws protecting LGBTQ populations have lower rates of suicide attempts among both sexual and gender minority students, as well as heterosexual students. Overall, suicide attempt rates decreased by 16% in those states.
A fourth dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine provided high protection against severe outcomes from Omicron infection among elderly residents in Israeli long-term care facilities. The vaccine also offered modest protection against COVID-19 infections among this population during a surge in Omicron variant cases.
Researchers at Stowers Institute for Medical Research have developed a precise model for the stinging organelle of the starlet sea anemone, revealing its complex architecture and firing mechanism. The findings could lead to beneficial applications in medicine, including microscopic therapeutic delivery devices.
A new study in Science found that many species of turtles and tortoises have slowed or switched off senescence, challenging evolutionary theories. Out of 52 species, 75% show extremely slow senescence, and 80% have slower senescence than modern humans.
A multidisciplinary study by the University of Minnesota found that girls and boys show similar rates of concerns for autism spectrum disorder when screened earlier. The research identified subtle differences in core symptoms but corrected for these biases to reveal a 'high concern' group with an equal sex ratio.