A new cascade of care model for Rhode Island aims to improve treatment for opioid use disorder by defining five stages of care and estimating gaps in care. The model highlights a significant gap between diagnosis and linkage to treatment, with only half of diagnosed individuals initiating medication-based treatment.
A team of researchers has revealed a new state of matter where Cooper pairs enable electricity to flow with some resistance. This finding challenges current theories and requires further investigation. The discovery was made using a technique that involves patterning a thin-film superconductor with arrays of tiny holes.
A new study reveals that the Jezero crater landing site is home to hydrated silica deposits, which are exceptional at preserving microfossils and other biosignatures. The rover will be able to perform fine-scale chemical analysis and provide a close-up view of these deposits to help determine their origin.
Researchers will build a quantum mechanical magnetic camera using $2 million grant from NSF, enabling them to capture snapshots of weak magnetic fields emanating from quantum materials. The device aims to reveal intricacies of magnetic interactions and may have industrial applications in quality control and medical diagnostics.
Researchers analyzed DNA samples from over 1,000 African herbivores to understand the relationship between diet, environment, and gut microbiome. They found that closely related species had similar microbiomes and diets, while domesticated animals like cattle had more sensitive seasonal changes in their microbiomes.
Researchers analyzed extensive video of Pollock at work to understand his technique, which avoided coiling instability through a combination of high hand speed and short paint height. This discovery challenges previous theories on the creation of his iconic paintings.
Brown University researchers are testing neighborhood-based intervention strategies and fentanyl test strips to combat the opioid epidemic. The PROVIDENT project aims to predict which neighborhoods are most at risk for opioid overdoses and deliver targeted interventions. Meanwhile, the RAPIDS project evaluates the effectiveness of fent...
Researchers at Brown University have developed Portal-ble, an augmented reality system that turns smartphones into portals for interacting with virtual objects. The system uses infrared sensors to track hand movements and enable users to pick up, turn, stack, or drop objects.
A recent study by Brown University researchers found that biologically diverse communities are more resistant to environmental changes and can thrive in turbulent areas. This is because highly mobile species can adapt to changing conditions by darting to safe locations or accessing abundant food sources.
A new study published in Icarus suggests that the majority of ice deposits at the lunar south pole are likely billions of years old, while some may be much more recent. The researchers used data from NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter to determine the ages of large craters and found evidence for both ancient and fresh ice deposits.
Researchers at Brown University have developed a new production method for the high-performance polymer Zylon using nanoparticle catalysts, which can produce degradation-resistant materials. The new approach reduces energy consumption and eliminates a corrosive acid that causes degradation.
A new study analyzing sediment cores from Swamp Lake reveals that climate has been the main driver of fire activity in the Sierras over the past 1,400 years. The researchers found that warmer and drier conditions promote fire, suggesting future fires may be more extensive than observed in the last century.
A team of researchers led by Brown University will develop and test an 'intelligent spinal interface' to help restore limb movement and bladder control for people with spinal cord injuries. The device aims to record signals from above the injury site and use them to drive electrical stimulation below the lesion.
A team of researchers from Brown University and Dartmouth College will use a novel approach to study quantum materials and complex quantum states. They aim to design new materials whose properties depend on correlated quantum states, which could lead to error-tolerant quantum computers.
A new study finds that kids who specialize in a chosen sport tend to engage in higher levels of vigorous exercise, increasing their risk of injuries such as stress fractures, tendinitis, and ACL tears. The study suggests moderating the amount of time young athletes spend engaging in vigorous physical activity can help mitigate this risk.
Researchers at Brown University discovered that diet can mitigate or exacerbate changes in the gut microbiome caused by antibiotics. In a mouse study, diet high in fiber and low in simple sugars protected certain beneficial bacteria from antibiotic harm.
A new study reveals that bat wing muscles are uniquely adapted to operate at low temperatures during flight, a phenomenon with implications for human exercise in extreme conditions. By understanding this adaptation, scientists hope to develop strategies to improve human performance and safety in cold weather.
Researchers at Brown University and Hebrew SeniorLife will create a collaborative research incubator to support trials aimed at improving care for people living with dementia. The grant will fund up to 40 pilot projects that test non-drug, care-based interventions.
A new mathematical model is comparing the spread of Hepatitis C virus to that of mosquito-borne malaria, sparking creative ideas for reducing transmission. The study suggests replacing infected needles with new ones or changing the ratio of infected to uninfected needles could be effective in preventing the spread.
Researchers at Brown University developed a simple method to isolate trophoblast cells from cervical swabs, which carry the complete fetal genome. This technique enables less invasive diagnosis of genetic disorders in developing fetuses, increasing the proportion of trophoblasts by 700%.
Researchers have discovered that graphene-lined clothing could be an effective mosquito barrier. The ultra-thin yet strong material acts as a physical barrier that mosquitoes are unable to bite through, while also blocking chemical signals that trigger their urge to bite.
A team of Brown University researchers developed a new computer model to simulate the way red blood cells become misshapen in sickle cell disease. The model can be used to quickly and inexpensively pre-screen new drug candidates, potentially identifying promising treatments for the genetic disorder that affects millions worldwide.
Research findings suggest a narrow depth range of six to 10 kilometers for magma chambers to erupt repeatedly, due to water vapor bubbling and crust expansion. This 'sweet spot' is found between pressures of 1.5 and 2.5 kilobars, allowing the chamber to grow without erupting.
New research published in PNAS reveals that human epithelial cells form fractal-like branching structures under certain conditions, mirroring the self-assembly of particles suspended in a liquid. This discovery sheds light on tissue formation and cellular behavior.
A new study found that individuals are swayed by their peers to punish more often, with victims being more easily influenced than impartial jurors. Group decisions can increase punishment recommendations by 40%, highlighting the potential for conformity in moral dilemmas.
Researchers discovered that adding an organic solvent to common water-based turbulent heat exchange systems can boost their capacity to move heat by 500%. This approach achieves 10 times more improvement than other methods, revolutionizing heat exchange in HVAC and large-scale applications. The additive is non-corrosive, non-flammable,...
Researchers from Brown University found that people with high vitamin A intake had a 17% reduced risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma, the second-most-common type of skin cancer. The majority of vitamin A came from diets rich in fruits and vegetables.
Brown University's new Center for Addiction and Disease Risk Exacerbation (CADRE) will focus on the intersection of substance use and disease, establishing a clinical laboratory to collect blood samples and measure chemical markers. The center aims to reduce the burden of substance use through innovative research projects.
Brown University researchers will work with state and community partners to implement and evaluate a treatment program for people in community-based justice supervision. The program aims to improve outcomes for a larger set of people, including those on parole and probation, who are disproportionately affected by opioid use disorder.
Researchers found that teachers' different treatment of black and white students accounted for 46% of the racial gap in suspensions. The analysis also showed that about 21% of the gap could be explained by differences in school characteristics and student behavior, but not differences in misbehavior itself.
Researchers have discovered a new type of neuron that acts as the brain's metronome, keeping time regularly and improving rodents' ability to detect faint sensations. This finding is significant as it supports the long-hypothesized role of gamma rhythms in synchronizing brain signals.
A new study predicts that up to a quarter of the world's conifer species will face extinction by 2070 due to climate change. Species native to smaller islands are most at risk, with some expected to be pushed out of their fundamental niche and tolerance range.
The study reveals the dynamics of chemical reactions in unprecedented detail, capturing the excitation of a single electron in a molecule. The researchers used ultra-high-speed x-ray pulses to take snapshots of molecular motions at different stages, enabling them to analyze and reconstruct the shape of the molecule as it unfolded.
Researchers have successfully stored and retrieved kilobyte-scale image files using artificial metabolomes, demonstrating a proof-of-concept for wider ranges of molecule-based data storage. The study's findings suggest that small molecules can store more information density than DNA and offer potential for in-solution computations.
A team of researchers has identified the atomic interactions that stabilize the liquid, yet condensed phase of FUS, a protein associated with ALS and frontotemporal dementia. Understanding these molecular interactions could lead to the development of therapeutics to prevent disease-associated aggregation.
A new study found that while the New York Sepsis Initiative improved overall sepsis care, hospitals treating mainly white patients saw greater increases in protocol compliance than those serving more black patients. This disparity raises concerns about the potential exacerbation of racial disparities in healthcare.
A new study by Brown University researchers found a 25% increase in fatal opioid overdoses after cold weather snaps compared to days with average temperatures of 52 degrees. The study suggests that agencies should consider scaling up harm-reduction efforts during periods of cold weather.
A new study suggests that a strange mineral deposit near the landing site of NASA's next Mars rover is likely sourced from ancient volcanic explosions. The research provides tangible evidence for the importance of explosive volcanism on early Mars, shedding light on the water budget, groundwater abundance, and atmospheric thickness.
Seven former FDA commissioners and a new paper suggest the FDA should become an independent agency to protect science-based drug safety decisions from political interference. The authors propose safeguards, including six-year terms for commissioners and budgetary independence, to ensure the agency's mission is upheld.
A team of scientists found that opsin 3, a protein related to rhodopsin, regulates melanin production in human skin cells. Without opsin 3, the skin produces more pigment, resulting in darker skin color. The study reveals a new paradigm for opsins and may lead to treatments for pigmentation disorders.
A mindfulness-based smartphone app was found to reduce self-reported daily cigarette consumption and decrease brain reactivity to smoking images in study participants. Those who showed the greatest reduction in cigarette consumption also exhibited decreased brain activity in a region associated with craving.
A Brown University researcher has developed an algorithm that allows robots to mimic human handwriting and drawing, enabling them to communicate more fluently with humans. The robot can reproduce words and sketches in various languages with high accuracy, making it a significant step towards better communication between people and robots.
A team of researchers has detailed the final fate of levitating Leidenfrost droplets, finding that smaller drops escape and larger ones explode violently. The study's findings suggest that contaminants play a crucial role in determining the droplets' behavior, with minute quantities having significant effects on their lifetime.
Brown University researchers discovered that unexpectedly good outcomes enhance the memory of specific events, which may have implications for treating individuals with depression. The study found that participants were better at remembering specific images from rounds where they had a high likelihood of winning.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded a $2.7 million grant to the Leadership Alliance to support expanded mentoring opportunities for underrepresented groups in biomedical science. The grant will provide funding for workshops, research career development, and one-on-one mentoring for students and junior faculty from historicall...
A study by Brown University researchers found that stroke patients who receive more physical therapy have lower readmission rates, with those receiving 75 minutes or more of PT being 14% less likely to be readmitted. However, the amount of occupational therapy had minimal impact on readmission risks.
A team of Brown University scientists has developed a framework to apply mathematical models of uncertainty to social scenarios, proposing three interrelated methods people use to reduce social uncertainty. The first method, automatic inference, involves predicting another person's behavior based on appearance and social norms, while t...
In a study published in Physical Review Letters, researchers reveal that repulsive interactions between Cooper pairs themselves hold them in check in insulating materials. This finding could lead to new manipulation methods for superconducting devices and the design of novel electronic components.
Researchers have developed a water-based hydrogel material that can be placed directly on the heart to prevent stretching of the heart muscle, a common problem after a heart attack. The patch outperformed existing patches and showed promising results in reducing post-heart attack damage.
Researchers used X-ray Reconstruction of Moving Morphology (XROMM) to track catfish catching and swallowing prey, revealing coordinated movements of bones and muscles. The findings suggest that different tasks require varying levels of coordination.