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University of Exeter


Humour used in English-language terrorist propaganda magazines to reinforce identity, study shows

The study found that Al-Qaeda, Taliban, and TTP use situational comedy to galvanize curious individuals and emphasize an 'us versus them' mentality. In contrast, ISIS uses dehumanising humour to mock rivals and create a shared identity among followers. This humour helps foster internal cohesion and creates social bonding.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalBehavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateAug 12, 2022

Amazon's growth limited by lack of phosphorus

New research shows that the Amazon rainforest's growth rate is limited by a lack of phosphorus in the soil, which could reduce its ability to store carbon and increase vulnerability to climate change. Phosphorus availability played a critical role in increasing productivity in a recent experiment.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 10, 2022

How measuring blood pressure in both arms can help reduce cardiovascular risk and hypertension

A new study found that using the higher arm blood pressure reading reclassifies 12% of people as having hypertension, who would have fallen below the threshold for diagnosis if the lower reading arm was used. The study suggests that adopting the higher reading can improve diagnosis and management of hypertension.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalHypertension·TypeObservational study·DateAug 3, 2022

Hand signals help overcome Zoom fatigue in online meetings

A study published in PLOS One found that using hand signals, such as waving or raising a hand to show empathy, can improve communication and social connection in online meetings. The research team trained participants to use these gestures, which led to better interaction, increased feelings of closeness, and improved learning outcomes.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalPLOS ONE·DateAug 3, 2022

Cloud study demystifies impact of aerosols

Aerosol particles in the atmosphere have a bigger impact on cloud cover than previously thought, increasing it by approximately 10%. Clouds hold more water before rainfall occurs due to smaller and more numerous droplets, leading to reduced precipitation. The study uses satellite data and machine learning to improve climate models.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalNature Geoscience·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateAug 1, 2022

'Sensing system' spots struggling ecosystems

A new resilience sensing system can identify areas in danger of collapse and measure the success of conservation efforts. Global average resilience has declined over the last 20 years, with regions such as the Amazon rainforest showing signs of loss of resilience.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateJul 21, 2022

Digitalize hip and knee replacement surveys to save time and improve compliance, research finds

Research found that modernizing patient-reported outcome measures with computerized adaptive testing can significantly reduce data collection time and improve completion rates. The new method uses algorithms to select relevant questions for individual patients, reducing the number of questions from 12 to just four at 90% precision.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalBMJ Open·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateJul 20, 2022

Swans sacrifice rest to squabble

Scientists studied mute and whooper swans, finding a trade-off between aggression and rest. The study suggests that providing enough foraging spots can reduce the need for aggression, allowing birds more time to rest.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalPLOS ONE·TypeObservational study·DateJul 8, 2022

Scientists discover key genes behind insect migrations

Researchers have identified over 1,500 genetic differences between migratory and non-migratory hoverflies, shedding light on the genetic pathways involved in migration. The study reveals suites of genes being activated in concert, including insulin signalling for longevity and pathways for immunity.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalMolecular Ecology·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateJul 8, 2022

False beliefs about prevalence of crime could influence jury decisions, new study shows

A new study by the University of Exeter found that people's perceptions of crime prevalence can significantly impact their legal judgments, with women and men holding different views on the frequency of certain crimes. The research emphasizes the importance of addressing these biases to ensure more informed verdicts.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalApplied Cognitive Psychology·TypeSurvey·DateJul 6, 2022

Numbers and experience count in mongoose warfare

A new study found that banded mongooses engage in lethal intergroup battles, with the number of adult males and age of oldest male being crucial factors. Experienced individuals are vital for success, while older males become liabilities beyond a certain age.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeObservational study·DateJun 13, 2022

New research gives insights into how organelles divide in cells

Scientists have identified a new pathway for peroxisome division, independent of Mitochondrial Fission Factor (MFF). The study, led by Professor Michael Schrader, reveals that PEX11β and FIS1 cooperate to divide peroxisomes, restoring normal morphology. This discovery offers potential therapeutic options for diseases caused by defects ...

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalJournal of Cell Science·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 9, 2022

AI learns coral reef 'song'

A new AI method can distinguish between the overall sounds of healthy and unhealthy coral reefs, making it a valuable tool for monitoring reef health. The technique uses machine learning to analyze sound recordings and track the progress of reef restoration projects.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalEcological Indicators·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateMay 27, 2022

No 'echo chambers' in Reddit climate debate

A recent study on Reddit climate debates found little evidence of echo chambers, instead revealing a mix of polarized discussions and deliberate debate. The researchers analyzed over 18,000 posts and 267,000 comments from 93,850 users to examine topics, information sources, and community dynamics.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalEnvironmental Communication·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateMay 27, 2022

Drug resistance molecule can spread though bacterial 'communities'

A new study by the University of Exeter found that antibiotic-resistant plasmid molecules can spread quickly through bacterial communities, making them more resistant to antibiotics. This raises concerns about the potential for antimicrobial resistance to spread in environmental settings and impact human health.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeExperimental study·DateMay 26, 2022

People must be 'heart' of climate action

The research highlights the importance of social science in engaging people and societies, ensuring a green transition that promotes wellbeing, equity, and fairness. The study suggests that both profound societal change and technical improvements are needed to meet climate goals.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalPLOS Climate·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateMay 26, 2022

Newly discovered ancient Amazonian cities reveal how urban landscapes were built without harming nature

Researchers uncovered intricate settlements in Bolivia's Llanos de Mojos savannah-forest, featuring elaborate structures and a vast network of reservoirs. The cities were built alongside nature, employing successful sustainable subsistence strategies that promoted conservationism and maintained rich biodiversity.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalNature·TypeObservational study·DateMay 25, 2022

'Democracy' governs mass jackdaw take-offs

A team of researchers found that jackdaws use a form of 'consensus decision-making' to decide when to leave their roosts en masse. By combining recorded calls with tests in which pre-recorded calls were played, the team discovered that birds effectively 'cast a vote' through calling out to reach a consensus.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalCurrent Biology·TypeObservational study·DateMay 23, 2022

Satellites and drones can help save pollinators

Researchers at the University of Exeter are using satellites and drones to track the availability of flowers for pollinators. This technology could be combined with behavioral studies to better understand the impact of human activity on pollinator habitats, leading to more effective conservation efforts.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalFrontiers in Ecology and Evolution·DateMay 20, 2022

'Traffic calming' boosts breeding on coral reefs

New research shows that motorboat noise disrupts parental behaviors in coral reef fish, but reducing noise levels improves breeding success. On quieter reefs, 65% of nests contained offspring, compared to 40% on busy reefs. The study suggests that acoustic sanctuaries can help build resilience on coral reefs.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalNature Communications·TypeObservational study·DateMay 20, 2022

Deep ocean warming as climate changes

New research suggests that 62% of warming in the subtropical North Atlantic is stored in the deep ocean below 700m. The study estimates a further 0.2°C warming in the next 50 years due to climate change.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalCommunications Earth & Environment·TypeObservational study·DateMay 17, 2022

Asking for ideas boosts collective action

New research found that seeking ideas and perspectives from fellow group members can boost collective action among racial and ethnic minorities. Positive everyday experiences with fellow minority group members are a key driver of collective action, contrary to the focus on unjust treatment.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalJournal of Experimental Social Psychology·DateMay 13, 2022

Historic graffiti made by soldiers sheds light on Africa maritime heritage, study shows

Researchers at University of Exeter discovered engravings in Tanzania's Zanzibar archipelago made by soldiers on guard duty, revealing ships that sailed on the western Indian Ocean during the 19th century. The graffiti depict various vessel types, including European-style frigates and settee-rigged ocean-going vessels, providing valuab...

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalAzania Archaeological Research in Africa·TypeObservational study·DateMay 6, 2022

UK wildlife watchers welcome 'ecological refugees'

UK wildlife recorders generally welcome newly arrived bird and insect species due to climate change, but have reservations about invasive species that harm native animals. The survey suggests that public opinion plays a crucial role in managing these arrivals, with scientific evidence being a key factor.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalPeople and Nature·TypeSurvey·DateApr 27, 2022

Origin of complex cells started without oxygen

Eukaryotes emerged in an anoxic environment in the ocean, and their mitochondria-bearing cells likely resulted from a merger between archaea and bacteria. This finding contradicts the long-held view that oxygenation of Earth's surface environment led to eukaryogenesis.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalNature Ecology & Evolution·TypeLiterature review·DateApr 27, 2022

Protected areas don’t always boost biodiversity

A global study reveals that protected areas can have a positive impact on biodiversity, but only if managed properly. The research found that larger protected areas tend to be more effective in conserving species and their habitats, highlighting the need for better management strategies.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalNature·TypeObservational study·DateApr 20, 2022

Surfer science supports seawater study

New research uses surfboard samples to analyze seasonal changes in phytoplankton, a crucial component of ocean food chains. The study finds that phytoplankton levels nearshore and offshore are similar in autumn, winter and spring, but higher nearshore during summer months.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalOceans·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 7, 2022

African network protects key turtle sites

The RAMPAO network in West Africa covers vital habitats for green turtles, with most key migration corridors falling outside protected areas. The study highlights the importance of conservation efforts to protect these species and their habitats.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalFrontiers in Marine Science·TypeObservational study·DateMar 31, 2022