Researchers developed a novel nanoengineered granular hydrogel bioink for 3D-extrusion bioprinting of tissue engineering microporous scaffolds. The approach addresses limitations of conventional bulk hydrogel bioinks, achieving previously unattained levels of porosity, shape fidelity and cell integration.
Researchers developed an efficient microbial cell factory producing β-alanine from fatty acid feedstocks with the highest reported metrics. This innovative approach leverages the glyoxylate-TCA cycle for high-yield and balanced product synthesis, offering insights into novel bioproduction routes.
Researchers analyzed 170,000 vegetation plots from all climate zones to find that small areas can have high biodiversity, like Eastern European steppes and Siberia. This challenges the idea of large-scale conservation, as smaller protected zones may be more effective in preserving ecosystems.
A team of scientists has determined the structure of the RAF1 protein, a therapeutic target against cancers associated with KRAS oncogenes. The study reveals structural vulnerabilities in RAF1, making it possible to design drugs capable of destroying it.
A recent meta-analysis reports that female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is declining in 26 countries, but progress is slow in others. The study estimates 100 million women and girls have been affected globally, with many countries not reporting on the practice.
The TU Wien team has created a catalyst that can convert CO2 and methane into synthesis gas without the formation of carbon nanotubes. This approach, called dry reforming, has the potential to convert climate-damaging greenhouse gases into valuable products.
Researchers at Drexel University have developed a computer model that uses machine learning algorithms to analyze the genetic sequence of the COVID-19 virus and predict the severity of new variants. The model provides an early warning system for public health officials, allowing them to prepare accordingly.
A new study by New York University found that YouTube's recommendation algorithm prioritized election-fraud-related videos for users already skeptical about the 2020 presidential election's legitimacy. This highlights the dangers of opaque algorithms perpetuating misinformation and disinformation.
Chagas disease affects 8 million people in the US and Latin America, causing significant healthcare costs and economic impact. Researchers are investigating a potential treatment using the carnitine molecule, which may help compensate for negative effects of infections and reduce drug resistance.
Researchers found that combining BCL-2 inhibitors can selectively eliminate senescent cells, improving efficacy and reducing toxicity by targeting high-MCL-1 expressing subpopulation of cells. This synergistic approach enables lower doses of drugs to be used, overcoming resistance to monotherapy.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz have developed a new method for detecting alcohols using zero- to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) combined with the SABRE-Relay hyperpolarization technique. This innovative approach enables measurements without strong magnetic fields, reducing device size and potential ...
Researchers have developed a novel DNA-based method to identify people at greater genetic risk of developing Alzheimer's disease before symptoms appear. The method uses data on common DNA variants from over 7.1 million individuals and predicts a person's risk of Alzheimer's, depending on which DNA variants they have.
Scientists create zinc battery with chitosan-based biodegradable electrolyte, reducing environmental burden. The new battery stores power from large-scale wind and solar sources, uses abundant zinc, and can be broken down by microbes, making it a viable option for sustainable energy storage.
Researchers found that mice from western sides of mountains in Patagonia were bigger due to increased food availability caused by higher rainfall. This discovery supports the rain shadow effect hypothesis, which suggests that precipitation patterns can impact mammal size.
Researchers found that topography influences comet surface activity across hundreds of meters, with hotspots observed even on uniform surfaces. The study used Rosetta mission data to track changes in 16 topographic depressions on Comet 67P.
A study by Hun Chung questions the assumption that helping the least advantaged benefits society as a whole, finding potential gaps in Rawls' theory. The research suggests that even with an optimal state, further improvements can occur without worsening the situation of the least advantaged group.
A study led by the University of Pittsburgh found that the TV drama 'This Is Us' reduced stigma around Alzheimer's disease and encouraged family discussions about aging plans. The narrative was developed in consultation with experts and met with the show's writers to ensure accuracy.
A Rutgers team designed a synthetic protein that quickly detects molecules of VX, a deadly nerve agent classified as a weapon of mass destruction. The protein can detect VX at levels a thousand times more sensitive than current technologies, with no false positives.
Researchers found that people with type 2 diabetes are being admitted to hospital at greater frequency for non-traditional complications, including infections and mental health disorders. These emerging complications pose a significant burden on healthcare systems and may require changes to diabetes management.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University develop a groundbreaking method to eradicate glioblastoma brain tumors by targeting astrocytes and starving them of energy. The study found that in the absence of these brain cells, tumor cells die and are eliminated, offering a promising basis for developing effective medications.
Researchers developed a therapy using GnRH pulsatile injection to restore cognitive and olfactory functions in trisomic mice. In a pilot clinical trial, the treatment improved cognitive performance in 6 out of 7 patients with Down syndrome, including better reasoning, attention, and episodic memory.
The 2022 AAFP/EveryCat Feline Infectious Peritonitis Diagnosis Guidelines provide essential information for veterinarians to diagnose FIP, a fatal viral disease affecting young cats. The guidelines offer helpful tips, images, and tables to assist clinicians in recognizing FIP symptoms.
A new study finds that the social cost of carbon is more than triple the current federal estimate, with each additional ton of carbon dioxide costing society $185. The study's updated methodology and key scientific advancements led to the higher estimate, which could inform stronger climate policies.
Scientists identified a key event in persister cell survival, finding that cytochrome c release kickstarts the integrated stress response pathway, promoting gene expression that prolongs survival. This process may lead to cancer recurrence and resistance to other treatments.
The study reveals that noise sources in the micro resonator can cause the lines to be narrower than previously thought, enabling more precise measurements. By understanding this phenomenon, researchers can develop even more accurate devices, such as instruments measuring signals at light-years distances.
Researchers have developed a method to increase precision in luminescent nanothermometers using dimensionality reduction. By automating the selection of a thermometric parameter, they achieve thermometric approaches with precision below 0.1 degrees Celsius.
A study by researchers at the University of Cambridge found no difference in motivation or enjoyment between adult and adolescent cannabis users and non-users. Cannabis use was not linked to apathy, anhedonia, or brain response to rewards. The findings contradict common stereotypes portrayed in media.
Researchers used laser melting to produce composite particles with sizes ranging from 400 to 600 nanometers. They discovered how to determine the critical size of particles that begin to change under laser light, and found that larger particles reach lower temperatures.
A recent study published in PNAS found that genetic effects in interacting species jointly determine ecological outcomes. The research, led by Utah State University geneticist Zach Gompert, reveals that individual variation matters and has consistent effects on caterpillar growth across multiple butterfly populations and species.
Researchers found that circadian rhythm disruption is a common factor among multiple mental health disorders. The study suggests that investigating the molecular underpinnings of CRD could lead to better therapies and treatments for these conditions.
Researchers use lasers to cool atoms to absolute zero, revealing new phenomena in an unexplored realm of quantum magnetism. The creation of SU(N) matter opens a gateway to understanding the behavior of materials and potentially leading to novel properties.
High levels of OH radicals can be generated indoors due to human presence and ozone, transforming chemicals in the process. This 'oxidation field' has significant implications for indoor air quality and occupant health.
A recent study by Norwegian University of Science and Technology found that physically active adults experienced worsened mental health during the pandemic, with increased anxiety symptoms in men and depression symptoms across both sexes. Those who reduced physical activity had fewer depression symptoms.
Researchers discovered that irregularities between grains in the battery's electrolyte can accelerate failure by moving ions at varying speeds. Adjusting material processing techniques may help solve reliability problems with solid-state batteries.
Researchers used high-resolution imaging techniques to identify a new ant species and genus, †Desyopone hereon gen. et sp. nov., from 16-23 million year old Ethiopian amber.
Astronomers used the VLBA to trace a wobble in a nearby star's motion and discovered a Jupiter-like planet orbiting one of its stars. The planet has twice the mass of Jupiter and orbits every 284 days, with an inclined orbit of 148 degrees from the stars.
Researchers used single-cell and spatial transcriptomics to investigate cell type evolution in reptiles and amphibians, revealing diverse cell types and regions that evolved independently. The studies also highlighted the importance of data sharing and the power of accumulating single-cell data from multiple species for evolutionary co...
A new study from the University of California San Diego's School of Global Policy and Strategy finds that countries with bold pledges are more likely to achieve their goals. Europe takes the lead, while the US is not expected to meet its commitments. The study suggests that better systems for checking on country compliance are needed.
A new study from Washington University School of Medicine suggests that levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL) in the blood can predict neurotoxic side effects in patients undergoing CAR-T cell therapy. High NfL levels are present even before treatment begins and remain elevated throughout treatment.
A new study suggests that global fish stocks will not be able to recover to sustainable levels without strong actions to mitigate climate change and overfishing. Climate change has reduced fish stocks in 103 of 226 marine regions studied, including Canada, from their historical levels.
A large Nordic study found that children born after frozen-thawed embryo transfer had a higher risk of cancer than those conceived naturally or through fresh embryo transfer. The most common types of cancer seen were leukemia and central nervous system tumors.
A research team has developed a novel interferometer to investigate the ultrafast temporal evolution of coherence between electronic states coupled with nuclear dynamics in a molecule. The interferometer resolves attosecond optical and quantum interference, enabling studies of molecular dynamics.
Research team analyzes impact craters to understand environmental effects of small asteroid collisions. They found distinctive charcoal assemblages, suggesting that fragments of trees shattered by impacts were intermixed with local material ejected from the crater.
Forests face risks from climate change in three dimensions: carbon storage, biodiversity, and forest loss from disturbances. The study found higher risks in southern boreal forests and drier regions of the Amazon and African tropics.
Researchers sequenced 2,574 pediatric ALL patient samples, identifying 376 significantly mutated genes that potentially drive cancer development. The study provides a foundational guide for physicians and scientists to understand disease development and improve treatment outcomes.
Biomedical engineers at Duke University found that high levels of horizontal gene transfer help keep microbiomes stable and efficient, allowing for the creation of bespoke systems for environmental cleanup and biofuel production. The study suggests a dynamic division of labor among microorganisms enables robustness and flexibility.
Microbes play a crucial role in mineral formation and weathering processes. Minerals, on the other hand, provide essential nutrients and shelter for microbial life.
QUT researchers have developed an unprecedented methodology for producing microspheres using sunlight, providing a sustainable solution for various industries. This breakthrough is the result of over a decade of research into the power of light to create molecules.
A new bidimensional semiconductor shows the highest nonlinear optical efficiency over nanometer thicknesses, enabling smaller devices with potential for compact phase-matched and waveguided nonlinear optics.
The Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior has awarded its top honors for 2022 to researchers who developed innovative programs and interventions to promote healthy eating habits. The awards recognize the excellence of articles, research briefs, and educational materials published in the journal.
A systematic review of twenty-three studies suggests that sonographers can positively enhance parents' feelings towards their unborn baby by making imaging examinations a truly parent-centred experience. This approach can allay feelings of anxiety and stress in parents, helping them feel more informed and reassured about the health and...
Researchers have identified eight new species of tiny brown geckos in Madagascar's rainforests, expanding our understanding of their distribution and evolution. The discovery highlights the importance of continued sampling across the region to uncover new species.
A new study published in Earth Science Frontiers reveals that lacustrine shale oil reserves in China have significant potential to shape energy security and geopolitics. The research identifies optimal conditions for shale oil accumulation, including high organic content and thermal maturity, as well as characteristics of these deposits.
Scientists have developed a new method to distinguish between normal land structures and small asteroid craters by analyzing charcoal samples, revealing 30% of impact sites remain unlocated. The study found unique characteristics in impact charcoals that differ from wildfire charcoals.
Researchers at KU Leuven have developed a new model of human extraembryonic mesoderm cells, which closely resemble their natural counterparts in early embryos. This breakthrough enables scientists to study processes previously inaccessible during development.
A study by University of Basel researchers found that insufficient insulin production contributes to overweight, challenging the long-held belief that poor nutrition and lack of exercise cause weight gain. The research revealed a key enzyme's role in hormone activation, leading to severe hunger and obesity.
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has launched a $3 million challenge competition to encourage community-based and advocacy organizations to develop infrastructure for conducting maternal health research. The challenge aims to address racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities in maternal health outcomes.
A new study found that exposure to diesel exhaust fumes had more pronounced effects on females than males, with changes in blood components related to inflammation, infection, and cardiovascular disease. The research involved ten healthy volunteers who breathed filtered air and polluted air at varying concentrations.
A multi-institute team used BGI Stereo-seq technology to create a single-cell resolution spatiotemporal map of salamander brain development, revealing key neural stem cell subsets and dynamic changes in spatial distribution. The study provides new ideas and guidance for regenerative medicine in the mammalian nervous system.
The current Medicaid sterilization waiting period for females is clinically unjustifiable, according to the authors, who argue for its revision. The US healthcare industry contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, with a data-driven action plan proposed for carbon reduction.
A new study reveals that the emergence of a new gene called PGBD1 is linked to the evolution of a new structure in nerve cells. PGBD1 controls paraspeckles, tiny structures that act like traps for RNAs and proteins, and its regulation is crucial for nerve cell development.
A new study reveals how a rare genetic mutation affects an enzyme involved in learning and memory, leading to enhanced activation and potential treatment options. Researchers have developed a method of protein analysis that enabled them to identify a potential treatment using existing medicine.
Researchers from Karolinska Institutet and others characterized the new omicron variant BA.2.75, comparing its ability to evade antibodies against current and previous variants. The study found that BA.2.75 has approximately the same level of resistance to antibodies as the dominant variant BA.5.
Researchers suggest a new approach for regulating genetically engineered (GE) crops by examining the specific characteristics of the crop itself. The '-omics' methods can be used to scan new crop varieties for unexpected DNA changes, eliminating the need for safety testing if the product is substantially equivalent to existing varieties.
The expanded 1000 Genomes Project resource now includes nearly all parent-child trios alongside the original samples, sequenced at high coverage using Illumina NovaSeq instruments. This comprehensive analysis presents significant improvements in variant calls, especially among rare SNVs, INDELs, and SVs.
Researchers identified critical period plasticity in the amygdala that can be treated with therapeutic intervention at key developmental time points. Early pharmacological intervention was shown effective in reducing fear-learning in the mouse model.
When humans are exposed to ozone indoors, they produce highly reactive hydroxyl (OH) radicals that oxidize pollutant gases. The human body is a chemical reactor consuming or producing oxidants and oxidized species, similar to how Earth interacts with the atmosphere.
The new photodetector design combines long-range transport of optical energy with long-range conversion to electrical current, mimicking the photosynthetic complexes found in plants. The device can gather light from areas of about 0.01 mm² and achieve conversion of light to electrical current over exceptionally long distances of 0.1 nm.
A UBC Okanagan study found that commercial weight management programs are more effective than DIY approaches in helping people lose weight. Participants who used a commercially available program lost over twice as much weight and had better success rates, including improved blood pressure and waist circumference.
A new study from Lehigh University found that social, economic, and demographic factors can predict an individual's propensity to engage in high-risk behaviors that expose them to Ebola spillover. The research identified young adults and those with agricultural jobs as the most at risk populations.
Researchers at HHMI's Janelia Research Campus have discovered a new type of synapse between neurons and their primary cilia, which allows for long-term changes in the cell's chromatin. This discovery could help scientists better understand how cells communicate and may lead to the development of more selective medications.
A new study suggests that prediction markets could improve climate risk forecasts by incentivizing experts to share information. The markets would offer a level playing field for diverse expertise and provide a structured way to distribute research funding, promoting effective altruism.
Researchers developed a methodology to forecast outbreaks of pathogens such as coronavirus and monkeypox, identifying host species at risk of infection. The machine-learning approach analyzes variables like location and climate to predict community hot spots at risk.
Researchers at Shibaura Institute of Technology developed an optimized recipe to retain superconductivity in bulk MgB2 by enhancing its critical current density. By combining sintering conditions with controlled addition of nanometer-sized amorphous boron and dysprosium oxide, the team achieved a superior critical current density.
A majority of early career scientists from underrepresented backgrounds experience psychological distress due to social unrest caused by systemic racism. However, the study found that mentoring relationships have a positive impact on their well-being.
A new study reveals that ant queens implement a dual-control system for insulin to promote egg development while slowing down the aging process. This unique mechanism allows ants to live longer and reproduce more effectively, unlike other animals.
Research on queen ants found altered insulin signaling allows them to live long and reproduce millions of eggs. This pathway may inhibit the AKT protein, enabling queens to thrive despite high reproductive demands.
A new study proposes a method of foam stabilization that could be used to make highly efficient hand sanitizers. The team added an anionic surfactant, long-chain alcohols, and an inorganic electrolyte to an aqueous solution containing 60% ethanol by volume.
Researchers established a novel strategy to treat Huntington's disease by converting the disease-causing form of the huntingtin protein into its disease-free form. This process maintains the original function of the protein, offering a new approach to tackle the neurodegenerative disorder.
Researchers used geospatial big data to analyze Black-owned restaurants' performance during the pandemic. They found that Black-owned restaurants experienced greater disparities in lost patronage compared to other restaurants.
The article emphasizes the need to incorporate Indigenous self-determination into research, respecting knowledge, ethics, and processes. This move aims to address historical injustices and promote more equitable health research practices.
Researchers developed a new machine-learning method to understand force chains in jammed granular solids. The graph neural network approach can predict the position of force chains with high accuracy, even for complex systems and varying conditions.
Researchers found that GnRH therapy improved cognitive function in male patients with Down syndrome, reversing olfactory and cognitive defects. The treatment did not affect olfaction but increased cognitive performance in all but one participant.
A third vaccine dose offers better protection against Omicron infection and hospitalization compared to two doses. The study found that a third dose maintained longer protection against infection for a longer time.
Queen ants live much longer than workers by generating an anti-insulin protein that blocks aging pathways. This protein enables pseudoqueens, female worker ants that become queens, to reproduce and live longer without aging.
Two papers published in Nature Plants unveil the first full-length genomes for homosporous ferns, a group containing 99% of modern fern diversity. The Ceratopteris genome suggests that ferns stole genes from bacteria for anti-herbivory toxins.
A Johns Hopkins Medicine study found that patient education and nurse performance feedback can significantly reduce missed or refused doses of VTE-preventing drugs. The interventions resulted in a 36% drop in missed doses, with the patient education bundle showing a 44% reduction.
A Saint Louis University researcher has identified a potential treatment for 'chemo-brain', a debilitating side effect of chemotherapy that affects patients' quality of life. The treatment targets the molecular events underlying this deficit and repurposes an already-approved FDA drug to reduce cognitive impairment.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys have shown that inhibiting a key metabolic enzyme selectively kills melanoma cells and stops tumor growth. The study identifies GCDH as the crucial enzyme in metabolizing lysine and tryptophan, amino acids essential for human health.
A new study links historic redlining and ongoing segregation by race and income to a higher rate of nonfatal shootings in Baltimore's most disadvantaged neighborhoods. The researchers found that doubly disadvantaged neighborhoods experienced 24 more nonfatal shootings per 10,000 residents compared to sustainably advantaged neighborhoods.