A study published in PLOS ONE found that a small dose of dexrazoxane protected ovarian function and fertility in mice after chemotherapy. The treatment also increased survival rates and reduced toxicity, providing new hope for young cancer patients.
The new approach created flexible Fresnel zone plate microlenses with a wide field of view, enabling capture of broad perspectives at reduced size. The lenses are no larger than the head of a pin and can be freely reconfigured.
Researchers found that couples with typically-developing children who can pitch in to care for and support their siblings with developmental disabilities may experience less marital stress. In contrast, parents of children with developmental disabilities experienced a similar risk of divorce regardless of family size.
Researchers developed a flexible phototransistor that exceeds previous parameters, including sensitivity and response time. The innovative design enables improved performance in various products, such as digital cameras and night-vision goggles.
Researchers have found that a deadly fish virus, viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSv), is still circulating in Lake Winnebago, Wisconsin. Despite efforts to slow its spread, the virus can survive in infected fish, potentially leading to future outbreaks.
Researchers developed a new tumor marker test that may predict breast cancer spread to the brain, based on alpha B-crystallin levels in breast tumors. The test found nearly three times higher likelihood of brain metastasis in women with alpha B-crystallin expression.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have discovered the earliest stages of nacre formation in a mollusk shell. The team used spectro-microscopy to observe the transformation of amorphous calcium carbonate into crystalline aragonite, revealing new insights into biomineral creation.
Researchers cast doubt on lunar impact date methods by analyzing meteorite-impact zircons, suggesting contextual information loss upon separation from host rocks. This may affect our understanding of the late heavy bombardment on the young Moon, which could influence life's emergence timeline.
Scientists have discovered unmistakable signs of oxygen in ancient iron-bearing rocks from the ocean floor, dating back 3.23 billion years. The findings suggest that cyanobacteria, primitive photosynthetic organisms, were responsible for liberating oxygen, marking a significant milestone in Earth's history.
A new study suggests that managing resources to minimize variability can lead to unintended consequences, such as fish stocks collapsing and grasslands being replaced by shrubs. By allowing for some degree of natural variability, adaptive management approaches can help sustain ecosystems over time.
Research reveals that ancient aquatic algae were genetically pre-adapted to form symbiotic relationships with microorganisms, crucial for plant nutrient acquisition. This finding sheds light on the evolution of land plants from freshwater algae and could help unlock efficient nutrient acquisition in crops like cereals.
A University of Wisconsin-Madison study found that extreme temperatures affect urban heat islands more intensely than their nonurban surroundings. This can lead to uncomfortable summers, increased health risks, and higher energy bills for city-dwellers. Climate change projections indicate that cities will be especially vulnerable to th...
Engineers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have discovered a method for assembling molecules within liquid crystal defects, creating miniscule tubing that can direct molecular organization. This technique has potential applications in electronics, medicine, and designing selective membranes.
A team of researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison has discovered a highly efficient catalyst that can produce hydrogen using common elements like phosphorus and sulfur. The new catalyst, which is nearly as efficient as platinum, could make a significant impact on the transition to a hydrogen economy.
A team of scientists has uncovered over 1,500 hominin fossils in a cave complex in South Africa, representing the largest and most complete set found to date. The discovery adds a new branch to the human family tree, with the fossils suggesting that Homo naledi was deliberately depositing its dead in the cave.
A new study challenges the validity of 'gaydar', a perceived ability to infer sexual orientation from appearance. Researchers find that stereotyping is inaccurate and harmful, limiting opportunities for marginalized groups and promoting prejudice.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed a new method for making flu vaccines using cell culture, which could lead to faster and more efficient vaccine production. This technology could potentially replace traditional egg-based vaccine production methods, which are limited by avian influenza outbreaks.
Scientists have identified 18 proteins crucial to the transformation of fungal spores into disease-causing yeast, offering hope for preventative treatments. By blocking these proteins, researchers aim to prevent the spread of meningitis and other fungal diseases.
A study published in Vision Research found that amblyopia, or 'lazy eye,' alters the brain's visual pathways, making it harder for the brain to adapt to using the weaker eye. The research suggests a potential new approach for treating vision disorders, including adults.
Researchers at the IceCube Neutrino Observatory have gathered powerful new evidence in support of previous observations confirming the existence of cosmic neutrinos. The detection of ultra-high-energy muons provides independent confirmation of astrophysical neutrinos from our galaxy and cosmic neutrinos from sources outside the Milky Way.
Researchers discovered apes can perform voluntary behaviors that require control over vocalization and breathing, such as blowing raspberries or mimicking phone conversations. This finding suggests the evolutionary groundwork for human speech was present in our last common ancestor with gorillas around 10 million years ago.
Researchers found that lager yeast, used in 94% of beer production, originated from the accidental hybridization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. eubayanus yeasts around 500 years ago. The study reveals how these natural processes led to the development of a yeast that could thrive in cold temperatures.
University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers have discovered a way to grow graphene nanoribbons directly on germanium semiconductor wafers, overcoming precision and edge quality issues. The technique enables the mass production of nanoribbons with desirable semiconducting properties for high-performance electronics.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison are developing a new approach called machine teaching, which uses sophisticated mathematics to model human learners and devise the best possible lessons. This method has immense potential to impact education by providing optimal, personalized lessons for students in various fields.
Researchers identified the crucial mutation that stripped away teosinte's hard casing, exposing the edible kernel. This genetic change allowed for the domestication of maize, leading to its widespread cultivation and impact on human societies.
Researchers at University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed a new approach to structuring catalysts, using nano cage structures to achieve more potent chemical reactions with less material. The discovery offers a pathway for industries to wean themselves off platinum, a scarce and expensive metal.
Researchers have pinpointed the brain region responsible for unifying double vision, a process crucial for tasks such as aiming and catching objects. This finding may lead to new treatments for amblyopia, a condition where the brain favors one eye over the other.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have introduced a new approach to molecular fuel cell catalysts, which uses nitroxyls and nitrogen oxides for more efficient energy storage. The catalyst achieves comparable efficiency to platinum while offering advantages in terms of modifiability.
A low-methionine diet can increase the vulnerability of triple-negative breast cancer cells to targeted therapies. Researchers found that depriving cancer cells of methionine triggers an increase in a receptor on the cell's surface, making them more sensitive to treatments.
The researchers created a nanoresonator that can manipulate light to cast a large 'reflection', making objects appear 10,000 times larger than their physical size. This technology has huge implications for photography and solar power.
A new study at the University of Wisconsin-Madison has linked a vaccine targeting cancer cells with an altered enzyme that breaks apart RNA, causing cell death. The vaccine targets a carbohydrate called Globo H, which is abundant in many tumors.
A recent study found that playing violent video games can temporarily reduce stress and improve mood. However, the same gamers who enjoyed violent games also became more aggressive in their perceptions of others. The researchers recommend seeking out nonviolent games for emotional release.
A newly discovered human protein called intelectin has the ability to selectively identify and distinguish between human cells and those of disease-causing microbes. This discovery could lead to the development of new antibiotics and strategies to combat infectious diseases.
A new study published in PNAS found that anxious parents are more likely to have anxious offspring, and that an over-active brain circuit may set the stage for developing anxiety and depressive disorders. The research identified three brain regions responsible for passing anxiety from generation to generation.
Researchers at University of Wisconsin-Madison developed a nanogenerator that converts wasted friction energy into electricity, potentially increasing gas mileage by up to 10%. The device uses the triboelectric effect to harness energy from tire friction, providing an innovative way to reuse energy and reduce waste.
A recent study published in PNAS reveals that half of the iron in banded iron formations originated from ancient bacteria metabolizing iron two and a half billion years ago. The findings provide new insights into the evolution of our planet and the origins of life, with significant implications for fields like mining and astrobiology.
Researchers have developed a new method to estimate distances to X-ray sources using the geometry of light echoes and dust clouds. By analyzing the timing and deflection of X-rays as they pass through interstellar space, astronomers can calculate the distance to Circinus X-1, a binary system located in the plane of the galaxy.
A new study reveals that fragile X proteins FMRP and FXR2P play a vital role in the maturation of newly formed adult neurons. Mice lacking FXR2P had impaired learning and memory tasks, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for fragile X syndrome and autism. The study's findings also highlight the importance of fostering new nerve ce...
A recent study has found that estrogen receptors are almost entirely absent in cervical cancer tumors, but still present in the tumor microenvironment. This finding highlights a critical communication between the microenvironment and tumor cells, allowing the tumor to thrive despite its inability to respond to estrogen.
A study published in ACS Central Science reveals how the chemical composition of ocean aerosol particles influences their ability to form clouds. The new method categorizes particles based on their likelihood of taking up water, providing a more precise measure of cloud-formation potential.
Researchers use 'Google Maps' for cancer genome analysis, identifying potential drug targets and monitoring treatment response. They provide a comprehensive view of the patient's multiple myeloma genome, showing notable mutations and larger-scale changes over time.
A team of researchers has developed a semiconductor chip made almost entirely of wood, using cellulose nanofibril as a biodegradable material. The new device demonstrates the feasibility of replacing traditional chip substrates with a more environmentally friendly alternative, reducing waste and toxicity.
Central Wisconsin pine barrens are vanishing as forest canopy covers more than 90% of the sites, with species diversity remaining relatively unchanged but plant composition drastically altered.
Market-driven 'zero deforestation agreements' have significantly influenced the behavior of ranchers and slaughterhouses, leading to lower deforestation rates among supplying ranches. However, challenges remain to achieve zero-deforestation for beef production, with many ranchers able to bypass the agreements.
Researchers have developed a new equation that predicts the behavior of blood cells during flow, shedding light on mechanisms behind blood disorders such as sickle cell anemia. This theory could lead to innovative solutions for blood transfusions and disease treatment.
A study published in Health Affairs found that customers buying health insurance on California's state exchange had less access to hospitals than those on commercial plans. However, the quality of hospitals in exchange networks was comparable or better than those in commercial networks.
Researchers found eight major flood events in the central Mississippi River valley that contributed to Cahokia's emergence and decline. The study suggests that floods disrupted agricultural settlement patterns, leading to increased population density and farming intensity.
Researchers developed a powerful new model to help decision makers choose cost-effective barrier removal projects, doubling habitat accessible to migratory fish. The study found that coordinated efforts across the entire basin are nine times more cost-effective than local or county-level efforts.
Scientists demonstrate potential for engineered softwoods to process more easily into pulp and paper by incorporating S-monomers, a key feature of hardwoods. This breakthrough could improve industry economics and reduce environmental impact by making biomass processing faster and more efficient.
A study published in PNAS found that countries with a long history of immigration from diverse sources are more emotionally expressive. Researchers compared several social and demographic variables to the way people describe emotion display rules in dozens of countries.