Articles tagged with Chemotherapy
MARstem demonstrates potential as a multilineage hematopoietic therapy to treat or prevent pancytopenia following chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. The study's results show excellent safety and preliminary efficacy, suggesting MARstem may improve debilitating side effects of cancer treatment.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Oncology Center discovered a genetic alteration in tumor samples that predicts patient response to chemotherapy. The methyl-guanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene was found to be altered in 19 patients, resulting in better responses to chemotherapy and increased long-term survival.
A clinical trial of Mylotarg found disease remission in 34% of patients under 60 and 26% of those over 60, with a median overall survival of 5.9 months. No significant differences were seen in adverse events between age groups.
The Puget Sound Oncology Consortium is partnering with the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project to evaluate Herceptin therapy in women with early stage breast cancer. The trial, Protocol B-31, aims to assess the safety and efficacy of combining Herceptin with chemotherapy in treating node-positive breast cancer patients.
A recent study conducted at Indiana University Medical Center found that high-dose chemotherapy followed by stem-cell transplantation can achieve a durable remission in approximately 50% of patients with recurrent testicular cancer. The overall cure rate for these patients is now estimated to be around 85 percent.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered a new mechanism of drug resistance in cancer cells, where growth factors protect tumors from anticancer drugs. They found that inhibiting these growth factors may improve chemotherapy effectiveness and reduce dosage needed.
A Phase II trial found a 40% response rate with low-dose anti-VEGF combination therapy, compared to 24% for high-dose and 17% for chemotherapy alone. Median survival increased by 2 months with the low-dose treatment.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins presented Phase I study results for Taxoprexin DHA-paclitaxel, a novel taxane that tolerates high doses with minimal side effects. The drug delivers more therapeutic agent to tumor cells and less to healthy tissues, improving safety and effectiveness.
Researchers found that concurrent chemotherapy and daily chest radiation can help lung cancer patients live longer, with an average survival of 17 months. In contrast, sequential treatment resulted in an average survival of 14.6 months.
Researchers have reported promising results from a Phase I-II trial of an ovarian cancer vaccine made from patient's own cancer cells. Eight of 10 patients showed immunological response, with one experiencing complete tumor disappearance and CA125 levels normalization.
A new study by University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill researchers shows a simple breath test can distinguish between patients who metabolize chemotherapy drugs normally and those who require lower doses for safety. The technique, which measures exhaled carbon dioxide, has promising advantages in reducing toxicity in patients.
Researchers found that combretastatin A-4 prodrug significantly enhances the effectiveness of standard chemotherapy agents in laboratory animals. Combining the drug with chemotherapy resulted in a 10 to 500 times increase in tumor cell death, compared to using chemotherapy alone.
Elias J. Corey has developed a new method for synthesizing ecteinascidin and phthalascidin, two drugs estimated to be at least 100 times more powerful than Taxol in inhibiting tumor cell growth. The findings have shown promising results in soft-tissue sarcoma treatment and could lead to faster availability of these life-saving drugs.
A $11-million grant will support a research team in understanding how genetic variation affects the response to anti-cancer drugs. The team aims to develop personalized dosing strategies to increase treatment efficacy while reducing side effects.
Dennis P. Curran develops new ways to make molecules used as anti-cancer drugs using free radicals, which were once considered too reactive for laboratory use. His work has led to the creation of more stable derivatives that could potentially allow lower doses of chemotherapy.
Researchers present study showing implanted chemotherapy pump significantly increases survival rates for patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer. The pump distributes chemotherapy directly to the liver, resulting in reduced recurrence and improved outcomes.
OHSU researchers successfully delivered chemotherapy across the blood-brain barrier for patients with primary central nervous system lymphomas. The study showed that 93% of treated patients achieved a complete response and participating centers outperformed OHSU in blood-brain barrier disruptions.
Researchers found that low E-cadherin levels are the strongest prognostic factor for a poor long-term outcome in node-negative breast cancer patients. High or intermediate levels add little assurance of good prognosis, but abnormally low levels indicate a substantially increased risk of metastasis.
A study published in Neurosurgery found that 42% of patients survived five years or more after receiving enhanced chemotherapy through blood-brain barrier disruption. The treatment also showed no cognitive loss or impairment in 36 patients, contrary to previous studies.
A new treatment approach combining traditional chemotherapy with medication delivered through an implanted pump has been found to significantly increase two-year survival rates and decrease tumor recurrence in patients with advanced colorectal cancer that has spread to the liver. The study, published in the New England Journal of Medic...
A randomized clinical trial showed that combining bone marrow transplant and high-dose chemoradiotherapy significantly improves disease-free survival in children with neuroblastoma. The addition of vitamin A-derivative treatment further increases survival rates by nearly three-fold.
Children with leukemia who received central nervous system chemotherapy are at risk of learning difficulties later in life, according to a new study. The treatment may cause cognitive decline and academic struggles, particularly in reading, spelling, and arithmetic.
A clinical trial at UNC is testing the effectiveness of LY353381, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), for treating ovarian and endometrial cancers. The drug has minimal side effects compared to traditional chemotherapy.
Researchers found that patients who previously received hormone therapy with tamoxifen, had no prior chemotherapy, and had limited metastases were more likely to live longer after high-dose chemotherapy with transplant. This study suggests that closely monitoring high-risk patients can improve treatment outcomes.
A new study found that a psychological intervention program boosted antibody levels and reduced stress hormone cortisol in women with breast cancer, leading to improved quality of life and higher chemotherapy doses.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University found a new combination therapy, called chemoradiation, that increases survival rates by 50% for cervical cancer patients. The treatment combines radiation with platinum-based chemotherapy agents, leading to more effective cancer cell killing and lower side effects.
Researchers at the University of Iowa report improved survival rates for women with stage IV breast cancer using a four-drug, high-dose chemotherapy treatment followed by a bone marrow transplant. The study found an overall survival rate of 38 percent, compared to projected rates of 32-30 percent in other studies.
Researchers developed CMA-676, an antibody-drug conjugate targeting AML cells while sparing normal blood cells. The treatment produces mild side effects and induces remission comparable to standard chemotherapy regimens.
A combination of radiation and chemotherapy treatment significantly increased overall survival in esophageal cancer patients, with 22% surviving at least eight years after treatment. The study found that this combined therapy was associated with longer survival compared to radiation therapy alone.
Researchers at UNC Chapel Hill have discovered a novel cancer gene therapy strategy that blocks NF-kappa B, a protein that enables many cultured tumor cells to escape death. The technique showed promising results in mice with human tumors, shrinking and eliminating tumors in some cases.
Researchers at Penn discovered that chemoembolization doubles the survival time of adult patients with colon cancer that has spread to the liver. The procedure, which delivers chemotherapy directly to tumor cells, outperforms systemic chemotherapy in managing metastasized disease.
A landmark study involving women with invasive cervical cancer showed that adding chemotherapy to radiation therapy significantly improves survival rates and disease-free survival. The study found that 73% of patients who received both treatments survived for at least five years, compared to 58% of those given only radiation.
Researchers found that an experimental antibiotic, moxifloxacin, is effective against a range of drug-resistant bacterial strains, including those resistant to penicillin and erythromycin. The findings suggest it could be a potential treatment for serious and deadly illnesses caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria.
Researchers at the University of Maryland Medical Center have discovered a cancer resistance protein that rapidly pumps out chemotherapy from breast cancer cells. This finding may lead to new strategies to reverse resistance to cancer-fighting drugs, improving treatment outcomes for patients.
A new experimental compound, CMA-676, demonstrates promising efficacy in treating acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) with an antibody-targeted chemotherapy approach. The treatment shows a remission rate of approximately 40% comparable to standard combination chemotherapy regimens.
Toxicologists have made a groundbreaking discovery that chemical compounds formed during the reaction of free radicals with human tissue can be detected in the urine within just a few days. This breakthrough has the potential to provide an earlier indication of the damaging effects of chemotherapy on cancer patients.
The study aims to scientifically evaluate the benefits of a Chinese herbal formula in alleviating multiple side effects of chemotherapy in early-stage breast cancer patients. Participants will receive either the herbal formula or a placebo, with their progress monitored over 180 days.
Researchers discovered specific genetic changes that indicate whether chemotherapy is effective in treating patients with anaplastic oligodendrogliomas. The discovery allows for immediate determination of chemotherapy response at diagnosis, offering improved treatment options for patients.
A large-scale randomized study found that chemotherapy improves long-term survival for women under 50 and those in their 50s and 60s, even if the cancer has not spread. The treatment also showed benefits for women without evidence of disease spread.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University have found that treatment with sodium thiosulfate significantly reduces hearing loss in brain tumor patients receiving carboplatin chemotherapy. This breakthrough could help combat the hearing loss associated with platinum-based chemotherapy treatment for other types of cancer.
A synthetic detergent, nonylphenolethoxylate (NPE), commonly used in household cleansers, has been discovered to block a drug pump in cancer cells, reducing the need for chemotherapy drugs. The researchers found NPE present in human urine and suggest it could be a useful adjunct to standard treatments.
BioNumerik's novel chemoprotecting agent BNP7787 appears to completely protect against major toxicities associated with widely used platinum anticancer drugs. The company's Karenitecins demonstrate potent oral antitumor activity and bypass common drug resistance mechanisms.
Duke researchers have identified a lung condition in breast cancer patients that can limit therapy choices if not treated promptly. The disorder, DPTS, is successfully treated with inexpensive corticosteroids, improving pulmonary function by 17%.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital are developing new brain tumor treatment protocols that use 3D imaging to accurately target tumors, reducing radiation doses and side effects. The protocols involve combining lower-dose radiation with chemotherapy to increase survival rates and minimize long-term damage.
The MiCK assay measures how light scatters off of leukemia cells to determine the effectiveness of drugs being used to attack the cells. This technique allows for more accurate identification of which drugs will be most effective for each patient, revolutionizing leukemia therapy.
Researchers developed a synthetic human hormone that triples platelets received from each donor, improving recovery of platelets in patients undergoing chemotherapy. An increased supply would give physicians more options for treating chemotherapy patients and make transfusions more affordable.
The study reveals that a low-dose pretreatment with certain DNA-crosslinking agents can temporarily suppress P-glycoprotein production, increasing the sensitivity of drug-resistant cells to chemotherapy. This approach may increase the efficacy of cancer chemotherapy in patients and minimize drug interactions.
Researchers at University at Buffalo and Roswell Park Cancer Institute found no link between chemotherapy use and cancer risk in children's offspring. The study analyzed health records of 153 children born to 91 chemotherapy patients, showing none developed cancer.
AmBisome, a liposomal formulation of amphotericin B, has been shown to sterilize the CSF significantly earlier than conventional amphotericin B, with at least equal clinical efficacy and lower nephrotoxicity. In a randomized multi-center study, low-dose AmBisome therapy produced a response rate of 68% in treating invasive aspergillosis.
Duke University researchers identify a new target for stopping drug resistance in cancer cells by targeting the cellular pump that expels chemotherapy drugs. The study found that certain immunosuppressive drugs can block this pump by removing a vital activator, FKBP12, allowing chemotherapy drugs to be effective.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have developed a new method to examine and quickly map how nucleic acid ligands bind to and alter DNA at the molecular level. This allows for direct visualization of individual DNA molecules, providing crucial information on drug binding and mode of action.
Scientists have detailed the structure of yeast topoisomerase II, a key player in cell division. This knowledge could lead to the development of new anticancer drugs that target this enzyme. The discovery also has implications for the design of antimicrobial drugs and the treatment of cancer.