Articles tagged with Drug Therapy
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Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have found that thrombolysis can be safely administered up to four and a half hours after an ischemic stroke, without significantly increasing the risk of hemorrhage complications or death. This extends the time window for treatment, potentially benefiting more patients.
Research reveals pegylated liposomal doxorubicin delays disease progression while minimizing toxicity, with a low risk of serious side effects such as cardiotoxicity or mucositis. The treatment improves time-to-progression and overall survival in metastatic breast cancer patients.
Researchers found that aggressive treatment with at least five effective drugs can cure XDR TB, reversing the chronic features of the disease in many patients. This approach also prevents high mortality rates and further transmission of drug-resistant strains.
Despite being an important part of TB control efforts, children are underrepresented in TB drug development. Key findings include: Children make up 20% of new TB cases and are at high risk of severe TB forms. The lack of child involvement is due to barriers such as diagnostic challenges, side effect concerns, and regulatory requirements.
The Toward a Revolution in COPD Health (TORCH) study found that combined salmeterol and fluticasone propionate reduced the rate of decline in lung function by 39ml/year, compared to 55ml/year in the placebo group.
A study of 174 tuberculosis patients found that extensively drug-resistant TB patients were almost eight times as likely to die as those with multi-drug resistant TB. The study emphasizes the critical importance of optimal management of multi-drug resistant cases to prevent progression to XDR-TB and associated poorer outcomes.
A study conducted in Peru found that more than 60% of XDR-TB patients were cured after receiving personalized outpatient therapy. The ambulatory model showed better outcomes than hospital settings and has the potential to be widely implemented in resource-poor settings.
A study published in The Lancet Neurology found that telemedicine consultations resulted in more accurate decision-making compared to telephone consultations for patients with acute stroke. The study showed a 98% correct treatment decision rate for telemedicine versus 82% for telephone consultations.
Current TB treatment regimens are insufficient in countries with high MDR-TB prevalence, leading to significantly higher failure and relapse rates. Studies reveal that for every 1% increase in MDR-TB, there's a corresponding 0.3% rise in new case treatment failure and a 1.1% increase in retreatment failure rate.
Researchers at the University of Michigan Hospitals found that 545 patients (0.6%) experienced allergic-like reactions after receiving nonionic iodinated contrast media, but 99% resolved completely within 24 hours with commonly used medications like diphenhydramine and corticosteroids.
A McGill University study reveals that previously ignored parts of the HIV genome play a key role in developing drug resistance. The research explains how these hidden mutations affect the virus, providing new insights into HIV treatment.
Cinacalcet treatment reduces PTH levels and phosphorus levels in ESRD patients with hyperparathyroidism. The study also found a reduction in the set point of the PTH-calcium curve, indicating that cinacalcet makes parathyroid cells more sensitive to calcium.
A meta-analysis of D-cycloserine and fear extinction found that the medication improves the effectiveness of behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders. Tolerance may develop to its effects, suggesting it should be used before therapy sessions to enhance brain responsiveness.
MDR-TB experts recommend new tools for testing, clinical trials of simplified treatments, and improved diagnosis strategies to overcome barriers. Pilot projects show promising results in low-income settings with treatment success rates of 59-83%.
A new study published in Nature Medicine reveals why tPA, the most effective emergency stroke treatment, carries risks of brain bleeding. Researchers found that the leukemia drug Gleevec inhibits a protein receptor involved in this effect, suggesting it could prevent problems and improve treatment outcomes.
A recent study by Dr. Rima Rozen at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre shows how minor genetic differences between individuals alter the effect of a common medication, Methotrexate. The research found that mice with an altered MTHFR gene had significantly less hemoglobin and red blood cells after treatment.
The prevalence of allergies has increased, with patients facing inadequate specialist care and resources. Community pharmacists are suggested as a solution to bridge the treatment gap, according to a recent editorial in The Lancet.
A new mathematical model could lead to personalized vaccines for CML patients, strengthening the immune system during its weakest point. The study uses data from four years of imatinib therapy and recommends 'cancer vaccines' to combat drug resistance.
Researchers used PET scans to analyze 38 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan. The study found that 89% of patients were in complete or partial remission after treatment, with a higher response rate for patients with limited cancer progression.
Research into crystal meth addiction has been limited to animal studies, but potential therapeutic agents targeting dopamine and non-dopamine systems are in clinical testing. The article highlights the need for accelerated clinical trials to address the public health importance of this issue.
A recent Mayo Clinic study found that rural, unmarried women have lower self-rated health status and are more prone to depression compared to their married counterparts. The study suggests that primary care physicians should take a proactive role in addressing health concerns of single women.
Researchers from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and Penn State Hershey College of Medicine identified a novel ceramide that reduces sterile inflammation in the cornea. The nano-sized package allows for easy application as an eye drop, providing an effective alternative to steroid use.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine tested a high-dose regimen of cyclophosphamide on nine MS patients, showing a 40% reduction in disability scores and an 87% improvement in physical and mental function. The 'HiCy' treatment appears to clear out the immune system and allow nerve cells to repair themselves.
The American Heart Association recommends modifying lifestyle factors such as reducing salt intake, losing weight, and drinking less alcohol to treat resistant hypertension. Effective treatment also requires better diagnosis of secondary causes and effective use of multiple-drug treatments, including long-acting diuretics and mineraloc...
Recent studies have shown that rotigotine skin patches can effectively treat restless legs syndrome (RLS) symptoms even during the day and night. The trials found significant improvements in patient symptoms, with 75% of patients rating their treatment as good or very good. No notable augmentation of RLS symptoms was observed.
A US clinical trial confirms early use of targeted therapies like gefitinib can improve lung cancer patient outcomes. The study found that 31 out of 34 patients with sensitizing EGFR mutations showed significant tumor shrinkage or no growth after receiving Iressa treatment.
A new study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine has found that sequential therapy is superior to standard treatment for eradicating H. pylori, with potential implications for future treatments. Additionally, the study reveals a higher risk of certain cancers among HIV-infected patients and suggests a possible association betwe...
A new study by Johns Hopkins researchers suggests that heart bypass surgery is not the cause of lasting cognitive problems in patients. After six years of testing, both groups experienced similar declines in cognitive function, indicating that the disease itself may be the culprit.
Feldmann and Maini were selected for their role in the discovery of TNF-alpha as a therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis. Their pioneering work led to the development of anti-TNF drugs, transforming treatment for chronic inflammatory conditions.
Researchers found that treatment with BH4 stabilizes the pumping function of failing hearts and dramatically shrinks muscle size in a short timeframe. The study's findings offer proof of principle that damage to the heart can be stopped and reversed, providing a potential therapy for high blood pressure.
The UK's NICE rejected abatacept for treating rheumatoid arthritis due to its estimated cost-effectiveness ratio. Despite being one of the most effective treatments, it was deemed too expensive for the NHS. The decision has raised concerns about balancing clinical efficacy with resource constraints.
A study found that India will account for 60% of the world's heart disease burden by 2010, with a higher rate of severe cases among younger patients. The country also has a lower age at diagnosis compared to developed countries.
Researchers at the University of Georgia have developed a sensitive method to test and assess drug treatments for Chagas disease. The study found that the current drug therapies can only cure the infection in less than 50% of those treated, but also identified a potential new treatment approach.
The Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative Medicine (AFIRM) will focus on repairing battlefield injuries through regenerative medicine. Researchers aim to develop clinical therapies for burn repair, wound healing without scarring, craniofacial reconstruction, limb reconstruction, and treating compartment syndrome.
Combining stents and photodynamic therapy significantly improves survival rates for patients with advanced liver bile duct cancer, increasing it from 7 months to over 16 months. The treatment's effectiveness is attributed to the number of stent-replacement procedures and PDT sessions.
New guidance suggests glitazones have a place in combined treatments but lack evidence for solo use; side effects include heart failure and increased risk of heart attack.
A growing trend of premature trial stops is raising concerns about patient safety and the over-statement of treatment effects. Italian researchers analyzed 25 trials that stopped due to patient benefits, finding that most were linked to marketing applications, potentially prioritizing industry interests.
A clinical trial found that patients with diabetes who reduced their blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol to below standard target levels had a greater decrease in carotid artery wall thickness, but no significant difference in cardiovascular disease events. Targeted treatment of these conditions improved surrogate measures of cardiovasc...
Researchers found that a common asthma medication can improve smell function in individuals with biochemistry-based hyposmia. The study used 369 participants and showed significant improvements in over 70% of patients, with no correlation between blood levels and treatment efficacy.
A drug-coated balloon coated with paclitaxel has shown to be more effective than a traditional drug-eluting stent in reducing renarrowing of the coronary arteries after six months. The study found lower rates of major cardiac events at one year, making it a promising alternative for treating in-stent restenosis.
Epilepsy patients face challenges in communicating with healthcare professionals about medication-related side effects. Advocates propose strategies to improve patient-physician communication and individualized treatment plans.
A randomized trial of 498 patients found that second-generation antipsychotics did not outperform first-generation drugs in reducing symptoms. The study's results suggest that clinicians should consider cost and treatment duration when selecting an antipsychotic medication for first-episode schizophrenia.
A phase IIa trial found that vaccination against angiotensin II reduced mean daytime blood pressure by -9.0/-4.0 mm Hg in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension. The authors propose a few injections per year as an alternative to traditional medication, potentially improving treatment adherence.
A recent study by the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that curcumin, an active ingredient in turmeric, had a low response rate in patients with psoriasis. Despite laboratory evidence showing its potential, the study suggests that the placebo effect or natural remission may be responsible for the limited results.
A new study found that patients who prefer a highly active role in their treatment do not necessarily have better luck managing chronic health conditions. Those who preferred an active role had higher blood pressure and cholesterol levels over a 12-month period compared to those with a less active approach.
A new study by Buck Institute researchers finds that high levels of MAO-B enzyme in mice lead to Parkinson-like symptoms. The findings suggest that humans with high MAO-B levels may be at risk for the disease and could benefit from preventive treatment.
A 13-year study found significant changes in Onchocerca volvulus populations' genetic structure, indicating adaptation to repeated ivermectin treatments. The parasite's resistance to the drug threatens the current control strategy against onchocerciasis.
Researchers identify nerve that transmits signals of chemotherapy-associated illness from small intestine to brain, offering new approach to reduce debilitating side effects. Anorexia and cachexia often accompany chemotherapy symptoms, compromising patient's nutritional status.
A team of researchers has identified pancreatic stem cells with the capacity to generate new insulin-producing beta cells in adult mice. These findings represent a significant breakthrough in understanding the pancreas's ability to regenerate beta cells, a crucial step towards developing effective treatments for diabetes.
A recent study by Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center found that the majority of adverse events and device malfunctions associated with biliary stents occur during off-label use. Over 1 million patients received these devices for 'off-label' treatments between 2003 and 2006.
Researchers discovered significant changes in brain activity with intensive cognitive-behavioral therapy, leading to improved symptoms and reduced anxiety. The study suggests that this type of therapy may be more effective than previously thought, with potential implications for treatment.
Experts warn that psychotherapies like CBT can have serious adverse effects, including worsening of conditions, psychological dependency, and exploitation. They call for rigorous regulation and monitoring to ensure patient safety and effectiveness.
The use of medications in psychoanalysis is a topic of debate among professionals, with some advocating for cautious approach while others see its potential benefits. The American Psychoanalytic Association hosts a panel discussion to explore the uses of medications in analysis.
A randomized controlled trial suggests that combining lifestyle intervention with metformin is the most effective treatment for antipsychotic-induced weight gain. Participants who received this combination therapy experienced significant reductions in body mass index, waist circumference, and insulin resistance. In contrast, those who ...
Researchers have discovered new treatment mechanisms for schizophrenia, targeting the dopamine D2 receptor and novel neurotransmitters like N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) and serotonin. These approaches aim to complement existing treatments and offer new hope for patients with schizophrenia.
A study published in Biological Psychiatry found that genetic variants of the RGS4 gene predict antipsychotic treatment response in schizophrenia patients, with varying predictive power across different ethnic groups. The research highlights the potential for pharmacogenomics to guide treatment decisions and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers aim to identify effective ways to disseminate research-based treatments and foster dialogue between treatment providers and innovators. The grants will examine barriers to adoption of promising practices and support partnerships between treatment organizations and states.
A study found that bright light therapy can ease symptoms of bipolar depression in some patients, with optimal response observed at midday. Six out of nine women treated achieved full recovery from depressive symptoms, highlighting the potential of light therapy as an augmentation strategy for improving treatment response.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) applauds the National Osteoporosis Society's (NOS) success in appealing the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence's (NICE) Guidance on osteoporotic fracture prevention. IOF calls for continued efforts to ensure clinically appropriate treatments are made available.
The American College of Physicians has issued new clinical guidelines that recommend against routine screening for carotid artery stenosis. Meanwhile, the use of vitamin D as a standard treatment for chronic kidney disease remains unchanged despite concerns over its effectiveness. Additionally, experts have called for revisions to orga...