Research on the tests that detect and monitor disease. Covers blood tests, cancer monitoring, emergency diagnostics, and new patent-pending assays.
Scientists have developed a rapid test to detect Salmonella in lettuce and water using popcorn-shaped gold particles. The test can identify the bacteria in just five minutes, making it a potential game-changer for food safety, particularly in remote areas or during outbreaks.
A recent study by Sonia Lupien's team at the Centre for Studies on Human Stress found that testing older adults in unfamiliar and stressful environments can significantly reduce their memory performance. The researchers tested older adults under conditions similar to those in which cognitive examinations take place, and found that stre...
A recent study found that inadequate bowel preparation during a colonoscopy can lead to missed pre-cancerous lesions, which were later discovered during a second screening. This highlights the importance of proper preparation for colonoscopies, as even minor issues can have significant consequences.
Researchers found that among patients given an appointment for a follow-up exercise stress test, 70 percent actually underwent the test compared to 31 percent without pre-scheduled appointments. Patients with pre-scheduled appointments also waited significantly less time for the test.
A new genomic test has been shown to help doctors identify breast cancer patients who do not need adjuvant chemotherapy, reducing side effects and improving quality of life. The study found that patients classified as low risk by the test had a higher distant disease-free survival rate compared to those classified as high risk.
A new study found that older people's memory and thinking skills decline faster after a first hospital stay compared to before or after discharge. Hospital stays were linked to significant declines in memory scores on specific tests, lasting even after adjusting for severe illness and age.
A new study published in Science Translational Medicine shows a promising blood test that can predict who is at risk for an imminent heart attack, potentially saving thousands of lives. The test uses circulating endothelial cells, which are abnormally large and misshapen in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Researchers have identified a new test using 'Arah2' to diagnose peanut allergy, reducing the need for oral food challenges by four-fold. The two-step screening process is more accurate and predictive than standard tests, minimizing over-diagnosis and alleviating pressure on healthcare services.
Researchers are developing a computerized model to predict the force necessary to create fractures and the location of fractures with high accuracy. This will help clinicians make more informed decisions when assessing injuries sustained by young children.
A study led by Salomeh Keyhani found no evidence to support the notion that higher regional healthcare costs indicate inappropriate care. The researchers reviewed 114,830 peer-reviewed articles and concluded that there is a lack of scientific evidence to design policies that reduce unnecessary care.
Blood testing for food sensitivity is increasingly common, but its limitations and potential misuse have been emphasized by European and American allergy and immunology societies. Physicians should caution patients about the controversy surrounding IgG4 testing and advise them on alternative diagnostic approaches.
A Kessler Foundation study found that people with multiple sclerosis perform poorly in memory and processing speed tests on hotter days. The research suggests a link between outdoor temperature and cognitive performance, which could impact clinical trials and treatment decisions.
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed nanotube-based sensors that can perform lab tests in minutes, speeding diagnosis and treatment while reducing costs. The technology has almost tripled the speed of prototype nano-biosensors and holds potential for applications in medicine, toxicology, and environmental monitoring.
Researchers at the University of Southampton are developing laboratory-based assays to predict immune responses to biological drugs, reducing the need for animal testing. The goal is to minimize adverse reactions like the TGN1412 trials and accelerate the development of monoclonal antibodies.
The American College of Physicians recommends starting colorectal cancer screening at age 50 for average-risk adults, with individualized assessments and tailored intervals based on risk factors. The guidelines also encourage shared decision-making between patients and physicians to weigh benefits and harms.
Osteoporosis experts advocate for shorter intervals between DXA scans for high-risk women, patients with low bone mineral density, and those receiving osteoporosis medication. This approach can prevent debilitating fractures and reduce healthcare costs.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology found that physiological problems from concussions can last longer than symptoms, even after standard testing subside. MEPs showed delays in response time and smaller size, which continued until day 10, with these changes increasing as symptoms decreased.
Scientists have combined NO- and H2S-releasing designer aspirins into a hybrid substance called NOSH-aspirin, which appears more effective in controlling cancer growth than either of its predecessors. The new compound inhibits the growth of various cancer cells, including breast, colon, and leukemia, with minimal harm to normal cells.
Researchers have successfully differentiated human dental pulp stem cells into liver cells using hydrogen sulphide, producing high numbers of pure cells. This breakthrough offers promising results for future liver-cell therapy and transplantation without the risk of teratomas or cancers.
Researchers created a new method using calculus equations to estimate acetaminophen overdose patient prognosis, predicting those who can survive with antidote treatment versus those needing a liver transplant. The study analyzed 53 patients and showed the method's accuracy in determining survival outcomes.
Scientists developed a unique compound that blocks inflammation-causing molecules in blood cells, fueling diseases like cancer and cardiovascular disease. The compound, Phox-I, precisely targets an enzyme network, reducing ROS production without causing toxicity.
The Tongue Drive System, a wireless device that enables people with high-level spinal cord injuries to control computers and wheelchairs with their tongues, has been improved by embedding sensors in a dental retainer. This allows for increased mechanical stability and comfort, making it nearly unnoticeable.
Researchers found that mild dehydration caused headaches, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating in women, while men experienced fatigue, tension, and anxiety. The studies highlight the importance of staying hydrated throughout the day, not just during exercise or physical activity.
A study published in the Clinical Journal of the American Society Nephrology found that adding information on how to treat chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients to kidney test results did not improve care. The study included 22,092 patients with CKD and found no difference in the use of recommended medications between those who receive...
Research found that middle-aged individuals with slower walking speed are one-and-a-half times more likely to develop dementia, while those with weaker hand grip strength are at a higher risk of stroke. Conversely, faster walkers and stronger grippers have lower risks, according to the study.
The Forsyth Institute is developing a low-cost diagnostic tool for tuberculosis (TB), which can quickly and accurately diagnose active TB cases in developing countries. The project focuses on identifying and validating seven proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as biomarkers of active disease.
A prospective study found that leukocyte esterase reagent (LE) strips can rapidly diagnose PJI, showing high sensitivity and specificity. The test is a valuable addition to the diagnostic armamentarium for PJI, providing a quick and affordable method for detecting infection in synovial fluid.
Researchers developed a nanoparticle microfluidic color device for rapid detection of acute sepsis and other biomarkers, offering improved accuracy and speed in medical diagnostics. The device boasts high sensitivity and can detect minute quantities of biomolecules, making it a promising solution for point-of-care diagnostics.
A McMaster University study finds that closing schools can significantly reduce the spread of pH1N1, with a 50% reduction in transmission observed. The research used high-quality data from Alberta to demonstrate the effectiveness of school closures as a control measure during pandemic outbreaks.
A team of researchers at New York University's Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences has developed a method to test the efficacy of genome sequencing technologies. The study, published in PLOS ONE, employed a feature-response curve procedure to evaluate the accuracy of various assembly algorithms and shotgun approaches. While some...
Researchers caution against relying solely on computerized neuropsychological tests (CNT) to determine when athletes can safely return to play after a concussion. The tests may not accurately measure an athlete's brain function and could lead to premature return, posing risks such as chronic traumatic encephalopathy and death.
Researchers at Sam Houston State University have discovered a new biomarker, ACTA, in liver samples following cyanide poisoning, which may extend its detection window up to two months. Elevated cyanide concentrations can only be detected for up to two days under current toxicological testing.
Scientists have developed a handheld device that can accurately count white blood cells, revolutionizing the complete blood cell count test. The device uses a 'blood lab-on-a-chip' technology to break down red blood cells and produce comparable results to full-scale hematology labs.
Researchers found that cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a significant predictor of mortality in patients after liver transplantation. The study showed that patients with higher fitness levels had lower mortality rates, making CPET a valuable tool for assessing liver transplant candidates.
The development of a new standard for vitamin D testing aims to ensure accurate measurements of vitamin D levels in the blood. The researchers created a certified reference material, SRM 972, which provides a mechanism to ensure measurement accuracy and comparability.
Researchers found that less expensive, high-yield glucose tolerance tests are rarely used for peripheral neuropathy diagnosis, despite being more cost-effective.
A new study assessing over 400 articles found that lithium treatment causes thyroid and parathyroid abnormalities in about 25% of patients, compared to 3% and 1% in the general population. Additionally, weight gain is a common side effect of lithium therapy.
A new study found that women over 67 with normal bone mineral density scores do not need to be re-screened for osteoporosis for 15 years. This longer timeframe is based on the estimated time it takes for 10% of women in the highest bone density ranges to develop osteoporosis.
Computer models can identify health and safety issues at mass gatherings and simulate the spread of infections to test public health interventions. These models could be used to minimize health hazards and prevent outbreaks, saving lives and resources.
Researchers found that combining TCM therapy and intrauterine insemination (IUI) significantly increases fertility success rates to 65.5% compared to 39.4%. The study suggests that Chinese medicine can promote balance and harmony in the womb, affecting ovulation, menstrual cycle, blood flow, and endorphin production.
A new test can identify biomarkers for mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS), a group of inherited metabolic disorders, allowing for earlier diagnosis and potentially more effective treatment. The test detects specific carbohydrate structures in cells, blood, and urine samples, enabling differentiation between forms of the disease.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that patients with interrupted health coverage receive significantly fewer preventive tests and vaccines. Continuous health insurance coverage is essential to ensure timely care, even at reduced-cost safety net clinics.
A standardized medical terminology system, LOINC (Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes), has been adopted internationally as a common language for medical measurements. Developed by the Regenstrief Institute, LOINC enables hospitals and healthcare providers to accurately record, transfer, and use medical data.
A study of 205,000 patients found significant variation in pre-surgery exam rates among hospitals, suggesting a lack of standard guidelines. The findings highlight potential risks of over-testing and under-testing, which may increase healthcare costs and harm patients.
A new study from Penn State suggests that lean beef can be part of a heart-healthy diet when saturated fat levels are controlled. The DASH diet, which emphasizes plant protein foods and fish, was compared to two other diets: Beef in an Optimal Lean Diet (BOLD) and BOLD plus additional protein.
A new USDA study identifies two inexpensive tests to evaluate promising wheat varieties for their potential as whole-grain cookie flour sources. The research confirms the reliability of the sucrose SRC test and milling softness equivalent test for early screening.
Researchers have found a blood test that can predict how well a depressed patient responds to antidepressants, such as escitalopram. The test measures vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels, with higher VEGF levels associated with greater relief from depression.
A new study found fetal alcohol exposure is underestimated or misreported in Italy, with a prevalence of 7.9% among newborns. Meconium biomarkers FAEEs and EtG were used to establish prenatal ethanol exposure.
The American Cancer Society has revised its guideline formation process to prioritize transparency, consistency, and scientific rigor. The new process involves a systematic evidence review, independent writing group, and clear articulation of benefits, limitations, and harms associated with cancer screening tests.
A new clinical trial found that Pycnogenol, a natural antioxidant plant extract, significantly enhances mental performance in healthy college students. The study revealed improved sustained attention, memory, and mood, as well as higher test scores on university exams and reduced anxiety by 17 percent.
Researchers at MU College of Veterinary Medicine have identified a biomarker that can indicate infection in dogs, which may also be applicable to humans. This breakthrough could lead to the development of a portable bedside test for quick diagnosis and targeted treatment, reducing antibiotic use and promoting better health outcomes.
A study found that babies born with very low birth weight had lower cognitive test scores, particularly in executive functioning such as attention and visual memory, compared to those born at a normal weight. The study also showed no difference in academic performance but highlighted the importance of full development in the womb.
Fatal snakebites are a significant global health problem with up to 5 million cases annually, resulting in 300,000 permanent disabilities and 100,000 deaths. Research highlights the importance of addressing this issue through initiatives like motorcycle ambulances and rapid diagnostic tests.
A new blood test detects phosphorylated alpha-synuclein, allowing for early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease before symptoms appear. This could help patients prepare for potential neurological problems caused by the disease.
A U-M study reveals Hemoglobin A1c test fails to identify children with diabetes, highlighting the need for improved nonfasting testing strategies. Researchers recommend using a nonfasting one-hour glucose challenge test or random glucose to identify children at risk of developing diabetes.
A new study found that heart rate recovery at one minute after a six-minute walking distance test is highly predictive of clinical worsening and time to clinical worsening in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Patients with low heart rate recovery were more likely to experience clinical worsening events and had s...
The MU researchers developed a diabetes dashboard tool that provides easy access to patients' health information, reducing mouse clicks from 60 to three and improving accuracy. This tool helps doctors make informed decisions about treatments, enhancing patient care.
A new study from the University of Leicester reveals that cervical smear tests can cause stress, anxiety, and pain in women, leading to unsatisfactory experiences. The research highlights the need for healthcare professionals to tailor their approach to individual women's needs and concerns.
Researchers developed a novel compound that blocks bacterial adhesion to bladder walls, alleviating weeks-long infections in mice. The treatment has the potential to treat antibiotic-resistant UTIs and may be effective against other types of infections.
Recent UC research examines the use of Depo-Provera as a eugenic tool, revealing that coercive reproductive practices persist in contemporary times. The study highlights how historical debates surrounding Depo-Provera mirror broader issues of eugenics, including racial and socioeconomic disparities.