Articles tagged with Colitis
Researchers found that glial cells are activated by interferon gamma in response to pathogen invasion, releasing signals to attract immune cells to fight infection. In the absence of disease or injury, blocked activation led to tissue inflammation, highlighting their role in maintaining healthy intestinal tissue.
Researchers at Osaka University found that E-NTPD8 regulates luminal ATP levels, which affects immune cells and promotes inflammation in colitis. Depletion of neutrophils improved symptoms, highlighting the enzyme's role in preventing severe colitis.
A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences identifies Neuraminidase 3 (Neu3) as a key enzyme responsible for colitis, a chronic digestive disease. Inhibiting Neu3 with Relenza breaks the chain of inflammation, and augmenting intestinal alkaline phosphatase appears to be equally beneficial.
Researchers restored gut microbes missing in early life dysbiosis and prevented colitis in mice by adding a single strain of Bacteroides sp. CL1-UC. This finding highlights the importance of early childhood exposures on health throughout lifetime.
Researchers discovered a previously unknown way that gut microbes interact with the immune system, raising questions about what goes awry in autoimmune disease. The thymus organ plays a crucial role in educating T cells about self and non-self markers, but surprisingly, it gives gut bacteria the green light.
Researchers found that probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus strain LA1 generates a rapid and sustained enhancement of the intestinal barrier, effectively treating intestinal inflammation. The study also showed that LA1 can prevent colonic inflammation formation and promote healing in mice with induced colitis.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that high sugar diets worsened colitis symptoms and altered the gut microbiota in mice. The study suggests that consuming glucose from high fructose corn syrup may damage the protective mucus layer in the large intestine, increasing the risk of intestinal inflammation.
A new study found that vitamin D supplements reduced the risk of colitis by 65% in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors for melanoma. The findings suggest that vitamin D supplementation could be a safe and cost-effective approach to preventing immunotherapy's gastrointestinal toxicity.
A new study published in Scientific Reports found that short-term sugar consumption increases the risk of colitis and worsens symptoms in mice. Madsen's research revealed that high-sugar diets feed 'bad' microbes, leading to inflammation and immune system problems.
Scientists at Institut Pasteur and Inserm have found that an immune response generated when solid food is introduced in mice prevents inflammatory disorders. The reaction involves regulatory T cells and balances the immune system, leading to lower susceptibility to allergies, colitis, autoimmune diseases, and cancer.
Researchers found fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to be an effective treatment for severe colitis caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors. The study showed both patients experienced significant improvements in inflammation and ulcerations after FMT, with reduced resemblance to their own pre-treatment gut microbiome.
A new study published in PLOS Biology introduces a tool to assess mouse distress through voluntary wheel running, showing strong correlation with experimental colitis severity. The findings may simplify statistical analysis in future trials and provide a better way to implement the 3R principles into biomedical research.
A new study finds that injecting insulin into the rectum can effectively treat chronic bowel inflammation in humans like Colitis Ulcerosa. The treatment strengthens bowel cells' own defence, reducing inflammation and improving symptoms such as weight loss and bloody diarrhoea.
Researchers have identified 35 regulatory regions that can distinguish between ulcerous colitis, Crohn's disease, and control subjects with high accuracy. This breakthrough may open new avenues for improved diagnostic methods.
Chronic stress leads to increased inflammation-promoting bacteria and weakened colonic mucus barrier in mice. This disruption can trigger an immune response and increase severity of induced colitis.
Researchers found that repeated low-grade bacterial infections can lead to severe inflammatory disease and potentially life-threatening colitis. The study also identified a link between Salmonella infection and an acquired deficiency of intestinal alkaline phosphatase, which accelerates inflammation.
A new method developed by Harvard Medical School researchers can tease out cause-and-effect relationships between gut bacteria and disease, a major hurdle in microbiome research. The approach identified a previously unknown gut microbe that protects against severe colitis.
A new study reveals that cigarette smoke triggers colitis, an inflammation of the colon, in mice exposed to cigarette smoke. The researchers identified CD4+ T cells and a pro-inflammatory protein as the immune cells responsible for this effect. This finding could lead to the development of new treatments for Crohn's disease.
Researchers at MUSC found that gp96 is essential for maintaining a balanced immune system in the gut, preventing colitis. Without gp96, pAPCs become more inflammatory, leading to an imbalance of T cell populations and the development of colitis.
Researchers found that co-administering an antibody that neutralizes tumor-released soluble MHC I chain-related molecule (sMIC) improves anti-CTLA4 therapy effectiveness and reduces treatment-related colitis. The combination therapy dramatically improves CTLA4 therapy response and avoids colitis, suggesting a new powerful immunotherapy...
Researchers have discovered that mice infected with the common gut parasite Tritrichomonas muris are at an increased risk of developing inflammatory colitis. The study highlights the need for a better understanding of cross-kingdom interactions between host and protozoa within the gastrointestinal tract.
Researchers have found fecal transplants to be effective in treating certain infections and diseases, including C. difficile colitis with a 95% cure rate. The transplantation of stool from healthy individuals also shows promise in treating multiple sclerosis and Crohn's disease.
The study found significant reductions in central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) and surgical intensive care unit (SICU) mortality rates after EHR implementation. This improvement resulted in a lower risk of CLABSI per 1,000 catheter days and a decrease in overall SICU mortality.
Researchers found that type II interferon signals cause the release of CXCL10, an attractant for cells promoting inflammation. This study provides a new impetus for treating colitis with antibodies or direct administration of type III interferons.
Current users of menopausal hormone therapy are twice as likely to develop lower gastrointestinal bleeding and ischemic colitis compared to non-users. The study found a higher risk of bleeding in the lower GI tract due to fewer blood vessels supplying this area.
A recent study analyzed 58 papers on inflammatory bowel disease and found inconsistent methods reporting, leading to difficulties in reproducing experiments. The researchers developed a critical checklist to address the issue, recommending its adoption as a publication requirement to improve study quality and standardization.
A Michigan State University study found that female mice are protected from severe symptoms of colitis and bone deterioration, suggesting a reduced gut inflammation response. The findings could aid in understanding and treating the 1.4 million Americans suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases.
Researchers at Michigan State University have discovered a link between bone marrow and inflammatory bowel diseases, such as colitis and Crohn's. The study suggests that targeting the bone marrow's ability to produce inflammatory cells may help alleviate symptoms of these conditions.
Researchers at Michigan State University found that prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharide can significantly reduce the severity of colitis in mice. The prebiotic stimulates beneficial bacteria growth, leading to a 50% reduction in inflammation and abnormal cells, precursors to colon cancer.
Mayo Clinic researchers have developed a new assessment index for microscopic colitis, allowing physicians to objectively score the condition's severity. The Microscopic Colitis Disease Activity Index provides a consistent way to assess symptoms beyond just diarrhea frequency.
Researchers found that DNA from Helicobacter pylori significantly ameliorates colitis severity in mice, reducing inflammation and bleeding. The study suggests that carrying H. pylori may be beneficial for those with colitis.
A sugar found in mouse breast milk promotes colitis in offspring, according to a study published online. Newborn mice fostered by mothers lacking one particular milk sugar were less susceptible to inflammation-induced colitis later in life.
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital investigators have identified a protein that plays a pivotal role in protecting the intestinal tract from colitis. The Nlrp3 protein helps maintain healthy colon function by triggering production of epithelial cells to compensate for damage caused by colitis.
A study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology found that worm-derived proteins attenuate intestinal inflammation and normalize gastrointestinal motility disturbances in mice with colitis. The results suggest that worm proteins may provide an attractive option for managing gastrointestinal inflammation in IBD patients.
Researchers found that latent CMV infection exacerbated intestinal inflammation and increased immune responses to normally harmless bacteria, contributing to IBD severity. Latent CMV infection may modulate mucosal immunity and predispose individuals to developing severe acute colitis and subsequently IBD.
Researchers found that caffeic acid, an anti-inflammatory compound, inhibits colitis in mice by increasing CYP4B1 expression. This normalization of the drug-metabolizing enzyme is associated with reduced colitic damage and inflammation responses.
Collagenous colitis is characterized by chronic watery diarrhea and abnormal collagen deposition. A rare case of collagenous colitis presenting as protein-losing enteropathy has been reported, with successful treatment with prednisolone. The condition should be included in the differential diagnosis for chronic diarrhea with hypoprotei...
This epidemiologic study investigates the prevalence and demography of microscopic colitis in Turkey. Lymphocytic colitis was found to be 4 times more frequent than collagenous colitis in patients with chronic non-bloody diarrhea of unexplained etiology.
Researchers found that melatonin administration reverses marked increases in bacterial translocation in postcolitis rats due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. The study suggests a potential therapeutic role for melatonin in managing colitis.
The rate of C. difficile colitis cases among hospitalized patients in the US more than doubled between 1993 and 2003, with a significant increase in severe symptoms and mortality rates. Colectomy rates also increased, highlighting the growing burden of this antibiotic-resistant infection.
A woman's symptoms of colitis emerged 27 years after she left the country where she was infected with a parasitic worm. Analysis revealed larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis caused her digestive issues, highlighting the importance of considering this rare disease in patients with cellular immune defects.
Researchers at LIAI demonstrated that retinoic acid regulates inflammation in laboratory mice, affecting pro-inflammatory T cell lineages. This finding suggests a new avenue of therapies using retinoic acid to treat autoimmune diseases.
Researchers found that acute colitis was associated with decreased body weight, food intake, and fat content, while chronic colitis led to reduced bone mineral density and lower energy expenditure. Chronic inflammation also altered metabolism, reducing the use of nutrients as an energy source.
The IBDchip is an open tool that includes polymorphisms associated with the disease, predisposition, and evolution. Progenika has developed similar products, including the Lipochip for hypercholesterolemia diagnosis and the Bloodchip for genotyping blood donors.
The main thrust of a 1998 Lancet paper described an unexpected intestinal lesion in children, raising the possibility of a link between MMR vaccine and autism. Despite lack of evidence, the paper's interpretation sparked major implications for public health, leading to formal retraction by the authors.
Researchers found that loss of the NEP enzyme fuels inflammation in mice with colitis, leading to increased substance P levels and bowel inflammation. Administering the NEP enzyme or blocking substance P can dramatically reduce inflammation, suggesting potential treatments for humans.