Articles tagged with Metastasis
Researchers developed an innovative nanoplatform to deliver RNAi agents to tumor sites, suppressing growth and reducing metastasis in preclinical models of anaplastic thyroid cancer. The platform, called theranostic, brings therapy and diagnosis together in one functional nanoparticle.
Research from Baylor College of Medicine found that Notch activation promotes metastasis in prostate cancer by upregulating FoxC2, a molecule important for metastatic potential. The study used a mouse model with prostate-specific loss-of-function Pten to demonstrate the role of Notch in prostate cancer progression.
A study published in JAMA Oncology shows that intrinsic molecular subtyping of breast cancer can predict patient outcomes and guide treatment decisions. The research found that the genomic classification of tumors is a key prognostic factor, outperforming traditional variables such as age and number of metastases.
Scientists have built a model to investigate the metastasis of cancer by examining the metabolism of breast epithelial cells. The study shows how the metabolic signposts of cancer cell growth can be predicted based on EGFR signaling genes.
A new study led by MD Anderson Cancer Center found an eight-month progression-free survival benefit in patients treated with local consolidative therapy, a significant shift in clinical care for thousands of lung cancer patients. The treatment improved outcomes for those with oligometastases, defined as three or fewer sites of metastasis.
A small clinical trial found that combining checkpoint inhibitors with T-cell therapy may boost treatment effectiveness for metastatic melanoma. Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center suggest this approach could be beneficial for fighting other cancers as well.
A Phase II clinical trial conducted by MD Anderson Cancer Center found that nivolumab significantly improves outcomes for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal, with a control rate of 70%. The study enrolled 39 patients and demonstrated efficacy in both HIV-positive and non-HIV positive populations.
A crowd-sourcing strategy leveraging social media and advocacy groups has connected over 2,000 patients from all 50 states with the Metastatic Breast Cancer Project. This approach empowers patients to directly participate in research, improving outcomes for advanced breast cancer patients.
New research suggests that fluctuations in tRNA levels can have a dramatic impact on cellular function, driving metastatic breast cancer. The study found that two specific tRNAs were associated with increased metastasis, leading to changes in gene expression and protein production.
Researchers successfully treated a patient with metastatic melanoma using a combined approach of immunotherapy, including IL-21-primed polyclonal CTL plus CTLA4 blockade. The treatment led to the complete disappearance of tumors and sustained disease-free status for five years.
The IASLC consensus statement provides key pathologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic considerations for managing EGFR mutation positive NSCLC patients. It recommends optimal choice of EGFR TKIs, management of brain metastasis, and use of circulating free DNA for molecular studies.
A study by Jeremy Sanford's lab at UC Santa Cruz identified an extensive malignancy-associated gene expression circuit regulated by IGF2BP3 in pancreatic cancer cells. The protein drives metastasis by influencing the expression of genes involved in cancer biology, including cell migration and proliferation.
Cancer cells use notch signaling pathways, particularly jagged, to communicate and coordinate their decisions to become motile and form clusters. This discovery offers a new target for disrupting metastasis and potentially diagnosing tumor severity.
Researchers at the University of Chicago found that inhibiting autophagy, a cellular housekeeping process, effectively blocks tumor cell migration and breast cancer metastasis in tumor models. Autophagy is essential for tumor metastasis, and its inhibition can be an effective approach to block metastatic dissemination.
Researchers have identified a promising approach to treating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) by targeting the MYC oncogene. The study found that selective killing of MYC-overexpressing TNBC cells can be achieved through inhibition of cell cycle progression and fatty acid oxidation.
The Medical University of South Carolina's Hollings Cancer Center is awarded a grant to explore lipid signaling mechanisms in cancer cell proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, and metastasis. The project aims to develop new therapeutic strategies for solid tumors, including liver, prostate, and urinary cancers.
Researchers found that breast cancer cells spread by sliding around other cells blocking their escape route out of the original tumor. The study identified molecular pathways that regulate cell-sliding behavior and showed that increased levels of E-cadherin can diminish this behavior.
Researchers have uncovered a novel function of the gene PLK1 that promotes prostate cancer cell migration and metastasis through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This discovery challenges previous understanding and highlights new potential targets for cancer therapies.
Researchers will test a nanoghost technology to deliver microRNAs targeting metastatic melanoma, while investigating heparanase for mesothelioma diagnosis and treatment. The partnership aims to advance global collaboration in cancer research and therapeutics.
Researchers found that breast cancer stem cells secrete molecules that allow neighboring cells to detach and metastasize. The hedgehog signaling pathway plays a crucial role in this process, suggesting that targeting it could reduce metastatic potential.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool have identified a critical role for stromal cells in the spread of pancreatic cancer to the liver. The study found that the protein granulin plays a key role in facilitating this process, and that targeting its expression may hold the key to stopping cancer from spreading.
Researchers found that CTC clusters can unfold and pass through constrictions in microfluidic devices and human blood vessels. This ability may contribute to their metastatic potential. The study suggests potential strategies to reduce clusters' ability to spread cancer throughout the body.
The International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) has launched ICGCmed, a platform that links genomic data with clinical information to guide personalized cancer treatment. The initiative aims to accelerate the movement of genomic discoveries into the clinic.
A randomized clinical trial found neratinib plus paclitaxel to delay central nervous system (CNS) metastases and reduce their frequency compared to trastuzumab plus paclitaxel in women with ERBB2-positive breast cancer. However, median progression-free survival was similar between the two groups.
Researchers at the University of Michigan are developing a new strategy to combat cancer metastasis by targeting an enzyme called P-Rex1. Tumor cells produce high levels of P-Rex1, allowing them to spread and become mobile.
Research from Lund University found that cartilage protein COMP is linked to breast cancer development and metastasis. Women with high levels of COMP experienced increased mortality rates, suggesting the protein may serve as an indicator of aggressive breast cancer.
A recent mouse study found that antioxidants in certain antidiabetic medications can accelerate the spread of colon and liver cancer. The findings suggest that these medications, which are commonly used to treat diabetes, may not be safe for diabetic patients with cancer.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center discovered that liver metastases derived from colorectal tumors are more resistant to radiation therapy. The study found that gastrointestinal stromal tumors were the most resistant, while those from breast and lung cancers were more sensitive.
A new study reveals a mechanism involved in lymphangiogenesis, specifically in corneal transplants and infectious eye disease, by inhibiting the overgrowth of lymphatic vessels. Galectin-8 promotes pathological lymphangiogenesis, increasing the risk of organ rejection and cancer metastasis.
A study published in the Journal of Urology found that up to 30% of men on active surveillance for low-risk prostate cancer may have metastases. Risk factors include Gleason score 7 and presence of Gleason pattern 4 on diagnostic biopsy.
A team of researchers from the University of Hong Kong has successfully developed a novel strategy for synthesizing cortistatin A, a molecule with potent anti-angiogenic activity. This breakthrough could lead to the creation of more effective anti-cancer therapies.
This special issue on cancer metastasis features groundbreaking research on tumor development, spread, and treatment resistance. Studies reveal the role of hypoxia, neutrophils, and genetic evolution in promoting metastasis, as well as potential therapeutic targets for prevention and treatment.
By regulating protein complexes in blood vessel walls, researchers have identified a method to suppress leakage and edema formation. This discovery may lead to improved cancer therapy by allowing drugs to reach tumors more effectively and reducing metastatic spread.
Scientists have developed a mini-model of human body to test tumor responses to drugs and predict metastasis, aiming to pinpoint best treatment. The 'metastasis-on-a-chip' system has potential for advancing cancer investigation and drug discovery.
A new study from MIT reveals how cancer cells take their first steps towards metastasis by remodeling their environment, enabling them to migrate into blood vessels. High levels of the Mena protein, MenaINV, are correlated with metastasis and earlier deaths among breast cancer patients.
Researchers discover small peptides psaptides that can force tumors to regress by stimulating an anti-angiogenic response in healthy tissues. Psaptides mimic the naturally occurring human protein prosaposin, which stimulates immune cells to produce a potent anti-inflammatory protein called thrombospondin-1.
A new biomarker, PRAME mRNA, has been identified as a key indicator of high-risk uveal melanoma patients who are more likely to develop metastasis. This discovery may lead to the development of precision medicines for melanoma patients.
A new study by researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center suggests that precision oncology could be tailor-made for metastatic prostate cancer. A single metastasis within an individual patient provides consistent molecular information to guide therapy, and patients benefit from individualized treatment.
Researchers at Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center found that Gamma Knife and RapidArc radiation therapy for brain metastases produce similar results, with the latter being faster. This study offers patients a choice of treatments and highlights the importance of advanced radiosurgery technology in treating increasing cases of brain metastases.
Eliminating cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) did not slow or halt tumor growth; in fact, it increased the risk of metastasis when done too late. CAFs play a complex role in cancer growth and metastasis.
A recent discovery by FAU researchers reveals a mechanism that promotes metastasis and resistance to treatment in aggressive cancer types. They identified a gene set associated with particularly bad prognosis in breast cancer, enabling the development of biological markers for aggressive tumours.
Researchers identified Gabra3 as a key driver of metastatic breast cancer progression. The gene promotes cell growth and invasion when activated by RNA editing.
A Yale study applying evolutionary biology tools sheds light on cancer's genetic origins and tumor progression. The research mapped genetic mutations in normal, primary, and metastatic tumor tissue, revealing that metastases originate from different paths within primary tumors and can diverge early in cancer history.
Analyzing tumor DNA fragments in the bloodstream can give a more complete picture of a patient's cancer. Researchers found that standard practice of performing molecular testing on a single metastatic lesion may be inadequate, and circulating tumor DNA testing may better capture the molecular diversity in a patient's tumor.
A small minority of cancer cells in neuroendocrine tumors contribute to the overall growth and metastasis of the tumor. The discovery sheds light on the different functions of cancer cells, with implications for understanding tumor aggression.
Research suggests that cancer cells rarely form metastatic tumors on their own but instead travel in groups for increased chances of survival. These traveling cells differ from those within primary tumors and may be intrinsically resistant to chemotherapy due to molecular programs that facilitate their movement.
Researchers found that clusters of cancer cells migrate through the body together throughout all stages of metastasis. The study identified unique molecular signatures and genetic changes in these aggressive tumor clumps, including higher expression of desmosome genes and lower expression of antigen presentation genes.
Afinatinib has shown significant clinical benefits for NSCLC patients with brain metastases, including improved PFS (8.2 vs. 5.4 months) and ORR (73% vs. 25%) compared to standard platinum doublet chemotherapy. The drug's efficacy was particularly notable in patients harboring EGFR Del19 mutations.
Researchers at Georgia State University discovered gene-targets that may enable alternative treatments or new drugs targeting metastasis-promoting tumor genes. Biomarkers like enhanced neuropilin-1 and NEDD9 positively correlated with metastasis in endometrial and lung cancer.
Scientists have identified WASF3 as a solid target for reducing cancer's ability to spread. By interrupting its relationship with CYFIP1, they were able to suppress the ability of invasive human breast and prostate cancer cells to metastasize. This finding has potential applicability to other common cancers.
Researchers at Cornell University have discovered potent cancer-killing proteins that can travel by white blood cells to kill tumors in the bloodstream of mice with metastatic prostate cancer. The therapy has shown several advantages, including no toxicity and good results with low dosages.
A new study found that a blood test monitoring dead cancer cell DNA is superior at tracking the severity and potential spread of metastatic melanoma. This non-invasive test detected cancer recurrence in 85% of patients, compared to 54% with the current standard test.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine identified a metastasis suppressor gene called serum deprivation response (SDPR), which plays a role in breast cancer progression. Over-expression of SDPR reduces the incidence of metastatic disease in models of aggressive, metastatic breast cancer cells.
Researchers at University of Missouri-Columbia discovered that the gene Sprouty2, previously believed to suppress cancer growth, may actually promote metastasis in colorectal cancer. This finding has significant implications for understanding and treating the disease.
A novel PET/CT imaging method has been shown to accurately measure HER2 expression in metastatic breast cancer, potentially leading to more optimal individualized treatments. This non-invasive technique may one day substitute traditional tissue sampling.
A team has identified a second genetically distinct transmissible cancer in Tasmanian devils, which causes facial tumours indistinguishable from the previously discovered cancer. The discovery raises questions about the rarity of transmissible cancers and the vulnerability of Tasmanian devils to developing this type of disease.
A study published in JAMA Oncology found that surgical castration was associated with lower risks of fractures, peripheral artery disease, and cardiac complications compared to medical castration. However, no significant difference was observed between the two treatments for diabetes and cognitive disorders.
A team at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory has discovered a novel drug that targets an abnormal RNA molecule called Malat1 in metastatic breast cancer. The drug reduces tumor growth by 70% and prevents metastasis, suggesting that targeting this RNA may be a promising therapeutic approach for treating aggressive breast cancer.
A new analysis found that nearly 60% of metastatic cancer patients experience some change in employment due to illness. Controlling symptoms is key for many patients to remain employed, with better performance status and non-Hispanic White ethnicity/race being associated with continued work.
Cancer cells use nanoscale bridges to communicate with healthy cells, leading to metastasis. Researchers discovered that disrupting these bridges can prevent cancer cell spread using pharmacological agents.