Articles tagged with Vision Disorders
New data show that individuals with visual disabilities slowly recovered employment after the COVID-19 lockdown, but at varying rates depending on their level of disability. The recovery was impacted by safety concerns and access to vaccines, according to experts.
A deep learning AI model has been developed to screen for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in infants at risk of blindness. The tool was trained on images of newborns and found to be as effective as senior paediatric ophthalmologists in discriminating normal retinal images from those with ROP that could lead to blindness.
A large study of over 3 million patients receiving the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine found extremely rare cases of retinal vascular occlusion. The researchers concluded that there is no evidence suggesting an association between the vaccine and newly diagnosed RVO, rates similar to those of other vaccinations.
Researchers generated a POLDIP2 knockout ARPE-19 cell line and found reduced mitochondrial superoxide levels, consistent with upregulated SOD2. The study demonstrates a potential role of POLDIP2 in regulating oxidative stress in AMD.
Researchers developed a new form of omega-3 fatty acid DHA that can cross into the retina, increasing retinal DHA content and preserving function. This approach overcomes previous barriers and shows promise for preventing Alzheimer's-related declines in visual function.
A Dartmouth study found that COVID-19 can cause 'prosopagnosia,' or face blindness, and impairments in navigational abilities. Researchers worked with a patient who experienced difficulty recognizing faces and navigating, leading to dissociation between face recognition and cognitive map representation.
A research team led by Dr. Eddie Ma Chi-him identified a therapeutic small molecule M1 that increases mitochondrial dynamics and sustains long-distance axon regeneration, restoring visual functions in mice. Regenerated axons elicited neural activities and survived for four weeks after optic nerve injury.
Mount Sinai researchers discovered that age-related macular degeneration (AMD) may be caused by two distinct types of deposits in the retina: drusen and subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDDs). Early intervention with vitamin supplements can slow down drusen formation, while SDDs pose a greater threat to advanced AMD.
Scientists have created eye tissue using patient stem cells and 3D bioprinting, providing a model for studying the genesis of age-related macular degeneration. The printed tissue exhibited patterns of early AMD, including drusen deposits and progression to late dry stage AMD.
Researchers discovered a genetic mutation in the THBS1 gene linked to severe childhood glaucoma, which may improve disease screening and treatment. The finding could lead to earlier diagnosis and more targeted therapies for children at risk.
A recent study has found that people who wear reusable contact lenses are nearly four times as likely to develop a rare sight-threatening eye infection. The study identified multiple factors that increase the risk of Acanthamoeba keratitis, including reusing lenses or wearing them overnight or in the shower.
Adolescent children from marginalized backgrounds exhibit poorer subjective visual function and worse objective visual acuity testing outcomes. These racial and socioeconomic disparities are concerning indicators of potential long-term vision problems.
Researchers have developed a gene therapy that rescues cilia defects in retinal cells affected by Leber congenital amaurosis, a disease causing blindness in early childhood. The therapy restores opsin protein concentration in photoreceptor outer segments, suggesting functional NPHP5 may stabilize the primary cilium gate.
A new study has partly restored the function of retina's cone receptors in two completely colorblind children using gene therapy. The treatment has been shown to activate previously dormant communication pathways between the retina and brain, drawing on the plastic nature of the developing adolescent brain.
A bioengineered cornea made from collagen protein can restore vision in people with diseased corneas, offering an alternative to donated human corneas. The implant has been shown to be safe and effective in a pilot study, with patients regaining perfect vision after two years.
Adults with vision or hearing disabilities have lower COVID-19 vaccination rates compared to those without disabilities. The study suggests that initiatives promoting equitable and accessible vaccination may be necessary to address these disparities.
A recent study highlights uncomfortable social situations people with blindness face, as well as strategies they use to navigate them. Researchers found techniques for avoiding awkward encounters, recovering from them, and even constructive ways allies can support individuals with visual impairment.
Researchers used multimodal adaptive optics imaging to study photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelium relationships in eyes with vitelliform macular dystrophy. The study provides valuable insights for developing new therapies to treat this rare eye disorder.
The study found a positive correlation between poverty levels and the prevalence of vision loss or blindness at the county level. Poverty was associated with a higher risk of visual impairment, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to address this issue.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 16 studies involving 76,373 participants found a significant association between visual impairment and cognitive decline in older adults. The study highlights the need for further research on the effectiveness of treating sight problems to prevent cognitive impairment and dementia.
The USPSTF concludes that there is not enough evidence to support regular screening for impaired visual acuity in older adults. This recommendation applies to asymptomatic adults over 65 who do not have known vision problems. The number of affected adults is estimated at 2.9 million in 2015.
A recent study published in JAMA Ophthalmology analyzed the incidence of vision loss caused by retinal vein or artery blockage in 430,000 patients after a COVID-19 infection diagnosis. The research suggests that COVID-19 may be associated with an increased risk of this condition.
Research by Sightsavers and others estimates that blind people are nearly four times as likely to experience anxiety and depression as those with no vision impairment. The study highlights the need for governments and organizations to be aware of this issue and design health services to address it.
A cohort study found an increased risk of serous retinal detachment, retinal vascular occlusion, and ischemic optic neuropathy among men taking phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. The study suggests a potential link between erectile dysfunction medication use and vision impairment.
A large US study confirms a strong link between ED medications and vision problems, including an 85% increased risk of developing serious eye conditions. Regular use of Viagra, Cialis, Levitra, or Stendra may lead to side effects such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO).
Researchers discovered that fusing Müller glia with adult stem cells can differentiate into ganglion cells, a type of neuron essential for vision. This finding brings hope for recovering the retina's regenerative capacity in humans.
A study of 12 million children found a moderate association between strabismus and anxiety disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depressive disorder. The findings suggest that children with crossed eyes may be at higher risk for developing these mental health conditions.
Scientists identify a specialized zone in Muller glia cells called the citrullination bunker that sequesters damaged proteins, preserving vision. Chronic engagement of this process may lead to retinal degeneration, but inhibiting it could delay or prevent disease.
Researchers at CRCHUM have identified damaged nanotubes connecting pericytes as a major contributor to glaucoma. The study reveals that restoring calcium equilibrium within pericytes can recover vascular and neuronal functions, paving the way for new therapeutic approaches.
A USC discovery demonstrates the safety and efficacy of a stem-cell derived retinal implant for treating advanced dry age-related macular degeneration. The implant successfully improved visual function in some patients and survived without rejection for up to two years.
Researchers at RIKEN have developed a new retinal transplant technique by engineering human-derived retina sheets to lose bipolar cells, allowing better connections to host retinas and improved responses to light. The technique has shown substantial functional improvement in animal studies and is now poised for human clinical trials.
A new study of UK Biobank adults found significantly increased rates of nearsightedness, particularly in children. The study suggests changing environmental factors and gene-environment interactions may be to blame for the rising trend.
A two-year study aims to restore functional vision among veterans and service members with head trauma-related visual dysfunction using immersive virtual reality technology. Researchers will explore the feasibility and benefits of applying new technologies to rehabilitative treatment activities.
Phoebe Lin's research establishes a gut-eye association in animal models, finding that certain interventions can enhance Tregs and decrease eye inflammation. Her five-year grant will investigate how intestinal microbes and the immune system can be rebalanced to treat uveitis.
Researchers have found that people with genetic risk factors for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) have thinner retinas and photoreceptors, even if they haven't yet lost their sight. This early detection could lead to earlier treatment and lifestyle changes to prevent vision loss.
Tiny fixational eye movements, beyond human awareness, are critical for fine details and everyday tasks. Microsaccades cause transient visual suppression during gaze shifts, but vision recovers rapidly at the center of gaze, leading to enhanced overall visibility.
A seven-year study by CooperVision indicates that MiSight 1 day contact lenses slow myopia progression without a rebound effect, even after treatment cessation. The lenses demonstrate sustained slowing of myopia progression across different ages and with varying levels of myopia.
A study to investigate stem cell therapy as a potential treatment for glaucoma, the world's second leading cause of blindness, has received $6.7M in NEI funding. The research team will explore ways to make stem cell-derived neurons survive and integrate into the eye.
A Tanzanian study found that laser treatment (SLT) successfully reduced eye pressure to normal levels in 61% of patients after one year, compared to 31% with daily eye drops. SLT may be an affordable alternative for glaucoma care in Africa.
A research team led by NJIT's Tara Alvarez is enrolling 100 participants with persistent symptoms of convergence insufficiency (CI) post-concussion for clinical trials. The study aims to establish guidelines for diagnosing and treating CI, a disabling eye disorder causing blurred vision, headaches, and cognitive difficulties.
A recent study of 1.5 million Israeli teens found that approximately 1% have lazy eye, with a decline in incidence over the past two decades. Socioeconomic factors and ultra-orthodox upbringing are linked to increased risk, while immigrants from certain countries have a higher prevalence
Researchers tested CER-001 on a human patient with familial LCAT deficiency, showing improved kidney function and stable vision for up to 11 months. The treatment was well-tolerated, but further studies are warranted to prevent kidney progression.
Researchers analyzed da Vinci's artworks and found evidence of intermittent exotropia, a condition that enables monocular vision. This skill may have contributed to his ability to depict depth in his paintings.
A study of 14,000 people with MS found common conditions like fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, and mood disorders preceding the diagnosis. This research may enable early detection and treatment, possibly slowing disease progression.
A study of over 2,500 adults found that visual impairment is strongly associated with cognitive decline. Maintaining good vision through prevention and treatment may help reduce age-related cognitive changes.
A new study reports the first small molecule targeted therapy for progressive hearing loss in a mouse model of USH3, which causes devastating symptoms. The discovery holds promise for real-world translation and could prevent both sensory deficiencies in USH3 patients.
A new study finds that moderately farsighted preschoolers and kindergarten students perform worse in early literacy than children with normal vision. The researchers hope this research is an important step in clearing up the uncertainty surrounding what to do with these kids.
Researchers at the University of York found that our colour perception changes between seasons and is influenced by environmental factors. The study revealed that unique yellow remains stable across large populations despite individual differences in eye biology.
A study published in JAMA Network found that the medication acetazolamide, combined with a low-sodium weight-reduction diet, improved vision in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. The treatment resulted in modest improvement in visual loss compared to a placebo.
A new study reveals that girls with NF1 are at greater risk of vision loss from brain tumors, while boys are more vulnerable to learning disabilities. The research identifies gender-linked differences in male mice that may help explain these findings.
This year's class of distinguished fellows recognizes outstanding leadership and service in vision research. The ARVO Fellows will be officially inducted at the Association's Annual Meeting, May 1, 2023.
A new report by World Vision highlights the need for direct healthcare investment in families and communities to tackle preventable child and maternal deaths. The organization calls on world leaders to prioritize these efforts to meet Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4 and 5 targets.
A new study by George Mason University's Center for Climate Change Communication found that framing climate change as a public health problem resonates with people, even those who don't believe in climate change. The research suggests re-framing the issue helps people better understand and relate to the climate problem.
The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) has announced its inaugural class of Fellows, honoring members who have made significant contributions to vision research and ophthalmology. The ARVO Fellow title recognizes outstanding achievements in leadership, collaboration, and dedication to advancing the field.
Research found that individuals' expectations of recovering from whiplash injuries are crucial in predicting their likelihood of recovery. Patients who expected to make a full recovery were more likely to have fewer disability symptoms six months later.
Parkinson's disease impacts brain's centers of touch and vision, affecting more than just motor control. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) reveals widespread abnormalities in somatosensory and visual cortex.