Articles tagged with Environmental Health
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers found that Caucasians with the K55R polymorphism had an accelerated breakdown of beneficial fatty acids called EETs, which play a protective role in the cardiovascular system. This increase in EET degradation is associated with higher coronary heart disease risk.
A study of 225 children exposed to at least five cigarettes a day found a significant relationship between cotinine levels and increases in acting out, anxiety, depression, and behavior problems. The study suggests that exposure to environmental tobacco smoke is a risk factor for child behavior problems.
Exposure to combustion-related urban air pollutants during pregnancy is linked to lower scores on mental development tests and a higher risk of developmental delay at age three. The study found that children exposed to the highest levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) scored significantly lower on cognitive tests.
TEEVE enables cost-effective cyberspace communication with full-body size views, suitable for training, entertainment, and healthcare applications. Researchers have tested the technology with dancers, achieving exciting results, and plan to expand its use in education, remote healthcare, and elderly care.
A survey of 141 physicians and medical students found that female respondents were more likely to perceive sex discrimination in surgery, citing workload considerations and lifestyle concerns as deterrents. The results suggest addressing these concerns to attract both men and women to surgery, but also highlight the need to confront a ...
A large family study has pinpointed genetic linkage in drug addiction, identifying genes that influence opioid dependence and its symptom cluster traits. The study provides a foundation for further research on the genetic factors contributing to substance dependence risk.
Researchers have developed a mass spectrometry method to detect norovirus particles, a category B bioterrorism agent. This technique can identify different types and strains of viruses in complex environmental samples without prior knowledge, making it ideal for detecting emerging infectious agents.
Children born preterm show cognitive and motor deficits, while early social environment plays a significant role in development. fMRI scans reveal distinct brain activation patterns related to medical and environmental risks.
A UC Davis study with mice found that even low levels of thimerosal can alter dendritic cell function and lead to abnormal immune responses. The study's findings suggest a link between thimerosal exposure and immune system dysfunction, potentially shedding light on the immunotoxic effects of this common preservative.
A study found that small increases in fine particle air pollution resulted in increased hospital admissions for heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and respiratory infections. Fine particles penetrate deep into the lungs, posing a significant health risk to elderly citizens.
A study at Duke University Medical Center found that genetic mutations can affect serotonin levels and glucose metabolism, increasing the risk of obesity and diabetes. Another study revealed that men with a certain gene mutation are more susceptible to stress-related health problems when caregivers for relatives with Alzheimer's disease.
A study by Columbia University researchers finds that living in neighborhoods with a mix of residential and commercial uses and access to public transportation can lower obesity rates. The research also suggests that subtle lifestyle changes repeated over time can have a significant impact on body size.
A recent study found that additive genetic factors contribute to variation in alcohol consumption among rhesus monkeys, accounting for 20% of total variation. Environmental effects are also significant, with mother-reared animals drinking significantly less than others.
A nationwide study published in Environmental Health Perspectives found that even very low levels of ozone increase the risk of premature death. The study suggests that further reductions in ozone pollution would benefit public health, even in areas that meet current regulatory standards.
David Michaels is recognized for his efforts to protect workers' health, particularly those exposed to toxic materials. He successfully advocated for stricter limits on exposure to beryllium and played a key role in establishing the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Act of 2000.
The NIH has launched two initiatives to identify the genetic and environmental underpinnings of common illnesses. The Genes and Environment Initiative will combine genetic analysis and environmental technology development, while a public-private partnership called GAIN will accelerate genome association studies with $5 million from Pfi...
Researchers identified a common cardiac sodium channel variant, SCN5A S1103Y, as a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in African Americans. The study provides new insights into the genetic causes of SIDS and highlights the importance of understanding the interplay between genetic and environmental factors.
A recent study by Dr. Luisa Borrell at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health reveals a racial disparity in hypertension among Hispanics, suggesting that being Black within this ethnic group is associated with the highest prevalence of high blood pressure. The research highlights the importance of addressing health inequ...
A Tufts-led study will provide training and support to immigrant workers in Somerville, MA, to improve their health and safety on the job. The program will also launch a non-profit green cleaning cooperative to break down barriers of isolation faced by these workers.
New Zealand tops the list with strong commitment to environmental protection, while the US falls short on critical issues like renewable energy and greenhouse gas emissions. The report highlights the importance of sound policymaking and good governance in achieving successful pollution control and natural resource management.
Researchers found that using a low-level heat wrap therapy (CLHT) for three consecutive days significantly reduced pain intensity and improved pain relief, with benefits maintained in the follow-up period. The study showed CLHT to be a safe and effective alternative for treating acute low back pain.
The UK Biobank project and the American National Human Genome Research Institute project will gather information to study the interaction between genes and environment over time. The studies aim to identify new treatments for diseases such as cancer and heart disease, but critics raise concerns about privacy and data reliability.
A study found that genistein, a major soy component, disrupts ovarian development in newborn female mice. High doses of genistein were associated with infertility and subfertility, while lower doses caused abnormal ovary function.
A study of 2000 female flight attendants found that those experiencing sexual harassment were nearly three times more likely to report poor health and psychological distress. Almost half of all women surveyed had been sexually harassed by a colleague or superior.
Researchers developed a new cholera modeling approach that better explains past epidemics, suggesting human-to-human transmission is crucial for outbreak dynamics. The model incorporates the hyperinfectious state of the bacteria, which becomes more infectious when passing through a human host.
A new study finds that oil mist technology can reduce airborne hazards in concentrated swine feeding operations, improving indoor air quality and controlling emissions. The innovation provides a tool for animal producers to comply with regulations and mitigate public health risks associated with confined animal farming.
A recent study highlights the urgent need for consistent HIV prevention methods in prisons, despite international guidelines recommending similar healthcare standards. Experts argue that mass incarceration of non-violent drug-offenders needs review and should prioritize public health over punitive policies.
A major study by the European Society of Cardiology links chronic noise exposure to an increased risk of heart attacks, particularly in men and women under 70. The study found that general environmental noise increased risk by nearly 50% for men and three-fold for women, while workplace noise levels affected men's risk but not women's.
A USC-led study found that higher ozone levels during pregnancy are associated with lower birth weight and increased risk of intra uterine growth retardation. The researchers monitored ozone and carbon monoxide levels in Southern California communities and analyzed birth records from over 3,900 children.
A study found that diets rich in meat, refined starches, and sodium are associated with an increased risk of persistent coughs with phlegm. The 'meat-dim sum pattern' was positively linked to new onset symptoms, while the 'vegetable-fruit-soy pattern' showed a protective effect.
Researchers investigate which nanomaterial sizes, shapes, compounds, and coatings harm or kill cells. The aim is to develop non-toxic types using 'green' nanomaterials, addressing growing concerns about nanoparticle health impacts.
A recent study found that daily probiotic supplements reduced sick days among workers. The study, which involved 181 staff members, showed that workers taking L. reuteri probiotics reported significantly fewer sick days compared to those taking a placebo.
New research highlights the impact of environmental enrichment on addiction recovery, showing that social rank and stress can affect brain chemistry. Practitioners and family members must understand the importance of abstinence to support brain recovery.
Researchers found that a home-based environmental intervention significantly reduced asthma symptoms and associated healthcare use in inner-city children. The cost per symptom-free day was $25.57, offsetting the intervention's expenses.
Researchers warn that even low levels of environmental toxins like lead, trihalomethanes, radon, and tobacco smoke can cause serious health damage. No safe threshold exists for these toxins, emphasizing the need to restrict exposure to protect human health.
Researchers found that brain regions beyond the injury site play a critical role in understanding behavioral deficits and assessing options for acceleration of recovery from stroke-related spatial neglect. Functional magnetic resonance imaging scans revealed activity changes in distant brain areas correlated with impairment severity.
A large-scale study found that women experiencing burnout have elevated levels of fibrinogen and C-reactive protein (CRP), associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Men experiencing depression also showed higher levels of CRP and fibrinogen, linking emotional states to inflammation-related health problems
Researchers will investigate whether vitamin E and/or selenium can reduce skin and other cancers. The study aims to provide essential data on potential low-cost interventions for millions at risk of arsenic-induced cancers in Bangladesh and globally.
A new study shows that home-based environmental interventions can significantly reduce asthma symptoms and healthcare costs in children. The program, which targeted six major allergen classes, resulted in a 19% decrease in unscheduled clinic visits and a 13% reduction in albuterol inhaler use.
The National Children's Study will follow over 100,000 children from birth to age 21 to examine the impact of environmental factors on child health. The study aims to improve the lives of children in Queens and inform child health guidance and policy nationwide.
A recent survey of Latino poultry workers in western North Carolina found high rates of musculoskeletal injuries, with nearly half reporting pain in their hands or arms. The study also found significant differences in injury and illness rates among companies, highlighting the need for improved workplace safety measures.
The Human Factors and Ergonomics Society meeting showcased research on disaster preparedness, including robotics in search and rescue efforts. The meeting also explored topics such as patient safety, driving safety, and space exploration, highlighting the importance of human factors in these fields.
Despite exposure to environmental chemicals, breast-feeding remains a healthy option for infants. Research suggests few adverse effects have been documented, and none have been clinically or epidemiologically demonstrated.
The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) has awarded $37 million to train emergency and hazardous waste workers. The grants will fund five training programs: Hazmat Disaster Preparedness, Hazardous Waste Worker Training, Department of Energy Nuclear Weapons Cleanup, Minority Worker Training, and Brownfield Minori...
The NIEHS Hurricane Katrina Information Website offers a wealth of information on environmental pollutants and their potential impact on human health. The website draws from various sources, including research programs and Superfund Basic Research Program data.
A survey of 6,000 healthcare workers in the NYC area found that only 48% would report for work during a SARS outbreak. The main barriers were transportation problems, child or elder care, and pet obligations, with safety concerns influencing willingness to work.
Researchers found a strong association between endotoxin levels and asthma prevalence, with bedroom floor and bedding dust having the highest concentrations. Exposure to endotoxins worsens asthma symptoms in adults, regardless of allergy status.
Researchers found that dehydration reduces performance by 8% in temperate weather but has minimal effect in cold temperatures. A study also discovered glycerol as an effective hyperhydration agent to retain fluid in the body, which can be beneficial for prolonged outdoor exposure.
A new study found that childhood exposure to second-hand smoke increases the risk of chronic dry cough and other respiratory problems in adulthood. Researchers discovered that consuming a small amount of fruit fiber, equivalent to eating two apples daily, can help mitigate these effects.
The National Safety Council has released new economic tools to measure the impact of health and safety initiatives in workplaces worldwide. These models, including Productivity Assessment Tool and ROHSEI, integrate risk assessments, cost-benefit ratios, and decision-making to motivate business leaders to improve safety performance.
A Rutgers University-led consortium found Amchitka seafood to be safe for now due to low levels of radionuclides. The study provides a baseline for future testing and aims to reassure subsistence fishermen and commercial fishing interests in the region.
A study of 2,593 cases found that school pesticide exposure led to acute illnesses in children (7.4 cases per million) and adults (27.3 cases per million). The majority of illnesses were associated with insecticides, with integrated pest management programs recommended to prevent such exposures.
A Harvard study found that adult occupational class has a significant impact on health outcomes, even after accounting for early childhood conditions and education level. Working-class twins were more likely to experience high blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and lower self-rated health compared to their professional counterparts.
A four-year study by University of Cincinnati researchers found that living near 'stop and go' traffic increases infant wheezing rates, with African American infants at highest risk. The study suggests that exposure to diesel exhaust particles from 'stop and go' traffic may play a role in developing allergic conditions.
Research reveals that an individual's genetic makeup determines how arsenic is metabolized, affecting disease risk. The study found a specific gene variant associated with altered urinary arsenic metabolites in children, but not adults.
Researchers at UCSD's Jacobs School of Engineering have developed Reality Flythrough, a system that stitches together live camera feeds to create an immersive 3D environment. The technology is being tested for homeland security and emergency response applications.
Researchers found that MRSA bacteria can survive on hospital surfaces like bed linen, keyboard covers, and acrylic fingernails for extended periods. The study emphasizes the importance of regular hand washing and environmental disinfection in healthcare settings.
Researchers developed a vaccine targeting the local tumor environment to improve systemic anti-tumor immunity in melanoma patients. The study showed that the vaccine was safe and feasible, with partial responses and stable lesions observed in some patients.
Researchers at USC's IMSC have developed new haptics systems that challenge stroke patients to perform tasks like grasping, pinching, and squeezing in virtual environments. These interfaces provide precise control over rehabilitation programs, allowing physical therapists to tailor exercises to each patient's level of impairment.
A recent Emory University study found a strong correlation between health levels and healthcare use, as well as work productivity. Adults with high levels of physical and mental health reported fewer lost workdays and lower healthcare use compared to those with lower health levels.