Research on the medical care of infants and children. Covers pediatric emergencies, blood-pressure thresholds, infectious disease, kidney injury, and developmental health.
Researchers discovered novel genetic variations that influence relapse risk in children with standard-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (SR B-ALL). The study highlights the importance of genomic profiling in accurately determining patient risk and tailoring treatment intensity.
Child tablet use at age 3.5 years was associated with more expressions of anger and frustration by the age of 4.5 years, suggesting a potential cycle deleterious for emotional regulation. Later, child proneness to anger/frustration at age 4.5 years was linked to increased tablet use by age 5.5 years.
Researchers found that children's immune systems attacked their own tissues after latching onto a coronavirus protein resembling one found in multiple organs. Early intervention was crucial to prevent death in these cases, and the study has implications for understanding other autoimmune diseases.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open demonstrated the effectiveness of AI in detecting myopia, strabismus, and ptosis using smartphone images. This technology has the potential to facilitate early detection of pediatric eye diseases in a convenient and accessible manner.
This study highlights small to moderate effect sizes of early childhood screen use on cognition and social skills, emphasizing the importance of considering context when making recommendations; intentional and productive screen use, age-appropriate content, and co-use with caregivers are key factors.
A cross-sectional study of 13,000 pediatric emergency department visits found that school reopening after a COVID-19 disruption was associated with an increase in acute psychiatric emergencies. School stress may be a significant factor in youth mental health, highlighting the need for further investigation into mediating factors.
A new study has shown that a drug developed for pancreatic cancer is effective in treating the most aggressive form of medulloblastoma, a childhood brain tumor. The drug, Minnelide, reduced tumor growth and increased the efficacy of chemotherapy, offering hope for improved survival rates for children with this disease.
The St. Jude gene panel is a cost-effective test that categorizes childhood malignancies and guides patient treatment by sequencing 0.15% of the human genome. The panel outperforms existing cancer gene panels, providing 90% coverage of pediatric cancer driver genes.
Infants born to mothers with obesity are at higher risk of SUID due to a dose-dependent association between increasing maternal BMI and SUID risk. Research suggests that maternal obesity should be added to the list of known risk factors for SUID.
A new study published in the journal Brain Connectivity reveals how psychological resilience can aid children's recovery from concussions. The research found that building resilience through supportive family environments and effective coping strategies may help young patients heal faster.
Researchers found a significant association between the KIT M541L variant and mastocytosis diagnosis in patients with systemic and cutaneous mastocytosis. The variant was identified in 19 individuals, mostly diagnosed with systemic mastocytosis, but without significant differences in symptomatology.
Researchers evaluated the implementation of a virtual driving assessment in primary care settings, resulting in promising initial results with over 75% of teens recommending the assessment to friends. The tool measures driving skills in common serious crash scenarios, providing personalized feedback to families on areas for improvement.
A new national study found that leaving phone notifications on leads to less sleep compared to turning the phone off or keeping it outside the bedroom. Adolescents are highly sensitive to phone notifications, which can disrupt their sleep patterns.
A Cleveland Clinic-led study found that maternal Zika virus infections can reprogram fetal immune development, leading to long-term consequences in children's immunity. The changes occur even in children born without physical or neurological symptoms of congenital Zika syndrome, suggesting a broader impact.
A recent study published in JAMA Pediatrics highlights the critical role of family support in maintaining the mental health of transgender youth following gender identity milestones. Without a supportive family environment, these young individuals are at a higher risk of attempting suicide or running away from home.
A study published in BMJ Public Health found that children living in deprived areas have a three times higher risk of needing dental extractions under general anaesthesia. This highlights the need for targeted interventions and improved access to preventive dental services to address socioeconomic and ethnic inequalities in oral health.
A study from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that LGBTQ+ youth are more likely to experience depression and suicidal thoughts compared to their non-LGBTQ+ peers. However, those who reported parental support showed significantly reduced rates of these symptoms.
A study found that 1 in 6 youths fill an opioid prescription prior to surgery and 3% continue using them three to six months later. Persistent opioid use among adolescents is a concern due to genetic, neurobiological, and social vulnerabilities.
Despite overall improvement, US children's diets remain suboptimal, with total dietary quality scores below the 5-point threshold. The study analyzed data from 2005-2020 and found that the increase remained lower than expected.
A study published by Nemours Children's Health and Endeavor Health found that states with high COVID-19 vaccination rates saw a significant decrease in pediatric asthma symptoms, with the largest decline seen in the highest quarter of vaccination rates.
A recent study investigated COVID-19 vaccine exposure in the first trimester and its potential impact on major structural birth defects. The results indicate that mRNA COVID-19 vaccine exposure during this period is not associated with an increased risk for selected birth defects among live births.
Researchers found that frequent respiratory infections in children may have elevated their innate immune activity, protecting them from severe COVID-19 symptoms. The study suggests that childhood exposure to common cold viruses and bacteria boosted the kids' immune systems, allowing them to better fight off SARS-CoV-2.
Nearly 20,000 US youth deaths could be avoided if US infant mortality rates matched those of 16 comparison countries. The study highlights the need for improved healthcare and interventions to reduce US youth mortality rates.
Research by a University of Virginia undergraduate may help explain recurrent Crohn’s disease in children and open the door to new ways to treat or even cure the devastating condition. Children with relapsing Crohn’s had persistent disruptions of their microbiomes even after inflammation was successfully controlled.
The policy statement offers guidelines for institutions and medical professionals to weigh benefits and risks of imaging in emergency departments. It includes recommendations for deferring imaging in children transferred to pediatric referral centers and using shared decision-making strategies when multiple reasonable choices exist. Th...
New research suggests that neighborhoods with more educational and socioeconomic opportunities can improve infants' brain activity and cognitive development. Infants in such neighborhoods show greater brain function at six months of age and better cognition at 12 months old.
A study by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia researchers found that elementary age children are more likely to experience concussions during recreation and other non-sport activities. These injuries often lead to longer recovery times due to delayed specialist care. The findings highlight the need for education and awareness about co...
A survey of pediatric bariatric surgeons found significant variation in the use of weight loss medications, particularly GLP-1As, in young patients. Most respondents prescribe GLP-1As for patients considering MBS, but preoperative and postoperative practices vary widely.
Researchers from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that two assessments, Leiter-3 and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale, can help measure cognitive function in children with Aicardi Goutières Syndrome. The study revealed that a subset of patients scored within a normal IQ range, paving the way for future clinical trial design.
Researchers found that starting resuscitation with high concentrations of oxygen (90% or greater) can increase survival chances for premature babies. The study examined over 1,000 premature babies and found a significant reduction in mortality rates by using higher oxygen levels.
A new study found that Texas' 2021 ban on abortion in early pregnancy was associated with unexpected increases in infant and neonatal deaths in Texas between 2021 and 2022. Congenital anomalies also surged in Texas, but not elsewhere in the US.
Research links exposure to racism during childhood to increased depression and metabolic health issues, while racial socialization can mitigate these effects. Pediatric clinicians are advised to incorporate conversations about race and racism into clinical visits, building trust and affirmation.
St. Jude researchers found that early surveillance after genetic predisposition discovery detects new, treatable tumors in 70% of cases. This approach can avoid chemotherapy and radiation, improving outcomes for children with cancer.
Researchers found that colder temperature exposure increases oxidative stress in the nasal cavity, leading to worsened asthma symptoms in children. The study used nasal fluid samples and measured malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as a biomarker of oxidative stress.
A new study finds that pediatric readiness in emergency departments can significantly reduce mortality by up to 76% while requiring a low annual cost of implementation, ranging from $23,775 to $145,521. Hospitals with high pediatric readiness can improve survival rates without breaking the bank.
A newly developed adolescent health questionnaire has been successfully adapted across pediatric primary care, increasing discussions about sensitive topics such as tobacco use, sexual behavior, and mental health. The questionnaire has improved data collection rates, with up to 95% of visit records capturing information on these topics.
A post-pandemic surge in pediatric RSV hospitalizations was observed, with older children requiring advanced respiratory support. The study suggests that novel vaccine strategies could reduce the overall burden during future RSV seasons.
A phase II clinical trial found trametinib effective in treating pediatric patients with relapsed or refractory juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML), with seven of ten patients alive after two years. The treatment showed antitumor activity and downregulated inflammatory signaling, offering hope for JMML patients and their families.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have identified clear stress patterns among children undergoing dental treatment, particularly during anesthetic injections. The study used a sensor tool to monitor hand movements and sweating, revealing that invasive treatments were significantly more stressful for longer periods.
Researchers at the University of Michigan Health Rogel Cancer Center discovered that pediatric DIPG tumors have a distinct metabolic pathway that allows them to evade treatment. By inhibiting this pathway, radiation therapy became effective in killing cancer cells.
The Kids First DRC has introduced an upgraded data portal to streamline big data search and analysis, improving collaborative pediatric research outcomes. The new portal integrates diverse datasets, including genomic information from the Children's Brain Tumor Network, to foster cross-disciplinary research.
Researchers found that mono-canalicular Lacrijet stent insertion is a safe and effective treatment for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children, with success rates unaffected by age or previous failed probing. The study suggests early assessments and stenting as an option for pediatric epiphora management.
Researchers discovered that T-cell aging is not limited by organismal age, and healthy T cells can proliferate indefinitely. The epigenetic clock of T cells shows that death is not the end, and these cells do not plateau with age, defying traditional notions of cellular aging.
A study published in Frontiers of Public Health found that educational interventions, including telesimulation-based team training and customized tools, can significantly reduce child mortality rates in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in low- and middle-income countries. The interventions led to a sustained decline in mortality ...
A new study by Dr. Marianne Gausche-Hill reveals that pediatric readiness in emergency departments can decrease child mortality rates by up to 76% while being cost-effective, ranging from $4 to $48 per patient. The research emphasizes the importance of prioritizing pediatric care capabilities in emergency settings.
A new study found that adolescents with higher rates of prediabetes often experience adverse social determinants of health, such as food insecurity and low household income. Screening for these non-medical factors may help identify youth at risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes.
Children and adolescents with acute SARS-CoV-2 or MIS-C and severe neurological manifestations are at high risk for long-term impairment. Early intervention and screening may be beneficial to assist recovery.
The study found that 1 in 5 children and adolescents experience excess weight, with rates varying by region. Excess weight is linked to multiple factors, including inherent, behavioral, environmental, and sociocultural influences.
The number of calls to US poison centers has increased sharply, with a 233.9% rise in intentional exposures among adults. The severity of unintentional exposures also increased, with 37.4% more cases resulting in severe harm and 65.3% more deaths.
Researchers found no difference in post-operative infection rates between patients treated with and without antibiotics prior to surgery. The study suggests that pre-surgical antibiotic treatment may not be necessary for pediatric elbow fractures.
Researchers developed a soft fabric necklace called Joey to monitor Kangaroo Mother Care practices with preterm infants. The device tracks vital signs and estimates KMC duration with an average accuracy of 96%, providing early detection of potentially life-threatening issues.
Researchers found that restricting screens in bedrooms and at mealtimes has the biggest impact on reducing screen time and addictive behavior. Parents who model healthy practices at home also see a decrease in their child's screen use. Limiting and monitoring screen time can reduce usage by 1.29 hours and 0.83 hours, respectively.
Researchers at Nationwide Children's Hospital developed a highly accurate prediction rule to identify children at risk of cervical spine injuries, allowing for reduced use of CT scans and decreased radiation exposure. The rule is easy to use and relies solely on symptoms and physical examination, with the potential to improve clinical ...
Longitudinal study finds that higher baseline body mass index is associated with more depressive symptoms over time. Children's cognitive performance also declines as they enter adolescence, highlighting the importance of monitoring children with overweight or obesity for depression problems.
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on mental health, with increased rates of anxiety, depression, and attempted suicides. The interruption of major life milestones and prolonged social isolation have been particularly traumatizing for children and adolescents.
A genomic study uncovers germline ARID1B and mitochondrial variants that may drive pediatric chordoma genesis, a rare and aggressive bone tumor. The study found aberrant indels and haywire mitochondria in 22% of pediatric chordoma samples.
A new screener tool helped families enroll in WIC and SNAP programs, leading to better health outcomes. The tool was successful in connecting 21 out of 56 families who requested benefits application support, highlighting its potential to improve access to nutrition resources.
A new study using next-generation molecular sequencing and DNA methylation profile analysis identified a rare type of pediatric brain tumor with specific genetic alterations. The tumors were found to be clinically aggressive but some responded well to chemotherapy, highlighting the need for personalized treatment strategies.
Individuals living with sickle cell disease who experience delays in transitioning to adult care are twice as likely to be hospitalized, according to a study. Patients who transition within six months have more outpatient visits and better health outcomes.
Sharon Giordano and Richard Gorlick will be honored with Special Awards at the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting for their dedication to improving cancer treatment and patient outcomes. Their research has made significant contributions to the field of oncology, with a focus on breast cancer and pediatric oncology.