Articles tagged with Tumor Cells
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Researchers designed an engineered protein to repress a specific cancer-promoting message within cells, paving the way for precise treatments with fewer side effects. The protein, Rbfox2, was modified to bind to microRNA miR-21, which is present in high levels in many tumors.
Researchers identify CD47 protein in atherosclerotic plaques, which enables immune system to evade clearing dead cells, leading to plaque buildup and cardiovascular disease. Anti-CD47 antibodies show promise in preventing plaque formation and regression in mouse models.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center discover that genetic mutations in pericyte cells lead to osteosarcoma and soft-tissue sarcoma. Activating beta catenin with lithium appears to limit cancer growth, offering new potential treatment options.
Researchers at Hokkaido University found that biglycan molecule attracts tumor cells to blood vessel walls, facilitating metastasis formation. High biglycan expression linked to poor prognosis in breast, lung, and colorectal cancer patients.
Researchers at MUSC discovered that Dab2 is a molecular switch regulating autophagy or apoptosis in tumor cells. Maintaining Dab2 levels blocks autophagy and promotes cell death, enhancing chemotherapeutic agent efficacy. In vivo studies showed Dab2 reduces tumor metastasis and increases drug-induced cell death.
Researchers have identified the 'cell of origin' in basal cell carcinoma, a common form of skin cancer, as stem cells. By analyzing clones derived from mutant stem cells, they found that these cells can overcome apoptosis and divide unchecked, leading to cancer growth.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute have discovered a specific network of proteins present in the mitochondria of cancer cells that enables their ability to proliferate, migrate, and spread. By targeting this pathway, they believe it may be possible to develop new treatments for various types of tumors
Researchers at Osaka University discovered that a group of T-cells with low FOXP3 expression, known as FOXP3-low T cells, facilitate cancer immunity in colorectal cancers. These findings suggest new potentials for treating CRCs via regulation of intestinal bacteria and defining patient groups. Intestinal bacteria induce inflammation in...
Researchers at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute used a mathematical model to show that tumor cells on the edge and interior develop distinct characteristics, investing resources in survival or invasion, respectively.
Researchers at TUM identified the molecular mechanism of thalidomide, revealing a common link between its teratogenic and anti-cancer effects. The study found that disrupting the protein complex CD147-MCT1 leads to both developmental defects and tumor cell death.
Researchers discover new function of STAT1 in activating natural killer cells to eliminate tumor cells. Without this newly identified function, NK cells are still effective in eliminating tumors.
Researchers found that combining radiotherapy with PD-1 blockade therapy improved survival rates in a murine lung cancer model. However, this treatment approach showed no benefits for tumors that had relapsed after radiation therapy, highlighting the need for personalized medicine strategies.
A new laboratory test developed by Johns Hopkins Medicine accurately clocks the 'speed' of human brain tumor cell movement, which may predict how quickly and aggressively a given cancer might lethally spread. The assay has been tested on 14 glioblastoma patients and showed promising results in predicting clinical outcomes.
Researchers developed a new compound to target mutated p53 genes, found in over 50% of cancers, which are responsible for uncontrolled cell growth. The treatment has shown promising results in patients with modest toxicity, and trials will now expand to 400 patients across Europe and the USA.
Researchers identified key metabolic pathways altered in prostate cancer, with a potential therapeutic target for castration-resistant prostate cancer. Studying tumor metabolism offers new possibilities for treatment.
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute researchers have identified a protein 'brake' that controls Natural Killer cell activity, revealing a potential therapeutic target. The study showed that removing this brake improves Natural Killer cells' ability to fight metastatic melanoma, offering hope for new immunotherapies.
A recent study by Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center scientists reveals that the HOXA5 protein plays a crucial role in maintaining normal breast cells' traits, such as adhesion and cell plasticity. The loss of HOXA5 leads to increased tumor aggressiveness and poorer outcomes for patients.
Cancer cells use notch signaling pathways, particularly jagged, to communicate and coordinate their decisions to become motile and form clusters. This discovery offers a new target for disrupting metastasis and potentially diagnosing tumor severity.
Researchers have discovered a tollerance mechanism in NK cells that restrains their ability to kill cancer cells. Increasing IL-15 levels may improve immune responses against tumors.
A new cancer immunotherapy approach combines the power of tumor-fighting immune cells with fewer side effects. By converting T regulatory (Treg) cells into T effector (Teff) cells, this method targets tumors while protecting healthy tissues.
Researchers at the University of Chicago found that inhibiting autophagy, a cellular housekeeping process, effectively blocks tumor cell migration and breast cancer metastasis in tumor models. Autophagy is essential for tumor metastasis, and its inhibition can be an effective approach to block metastatic dissemination.
Researchers develop an experimental therapy that shuts down the Olig2 gene, halting tumor growth and blocking tumor formation. The approach uses a gene therapy to eliminate Olig2-positive cells, sensitizing them to targeted molecular treatment.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have developed an antibody that selectively attacks cancer cells while sparing healthy ones. The antibody works by targeting a specific protein on cancer cells, disabling their defense mechanism and triggering an immune response.
A recent study at The Hormel Institute has uncovered a new molecular mechanism that detects missegregated chromosomes and prevents the formation of tumors. This discovery provides insight into the regulation of chromosome segregation and its role in cancer development.
Tumor cells switch to glycolysis, a form of anaerobic energy production, allowing them to continue growing even without new blood vessels. This discovery opens up new possibilities for long-term cancer treatments by inhibiting anaerobic energy production or transport of lactic acid.
Cancer cells' ability to slide past obstacles and travel out of primary tumors is enabled by abnormal protein fiber scaffolding and the agility of cancer cells themselves. The researchers developed a model environment that mimics protein fibers, allowing them to observe and quantify the behavior of breast cancer cells.
A new University of Illinois study reveals that the shape of a tumor may play a significant role in determining whether cells can metastasize. The research found that curved edges and corners activate cancer stem cells, which are responsible for spreading cancer to other tissues.
Researchers found that breast cancer cells spread by sliding around other cells blocking their escape route out of the original tumor. The study identified molecular pathways that regulate cell-sliding behavior and showed that increased levels of E-cadherin can diminish this behavior.
Researchers found that orchestrated cell death mechanisms in pancreatic cancer can induce the growth of tumor cells by suppressing the immune system. Inhibiting these pathways may reverse immunosuppressive environments and enable T lymphocytes to attack tumors.
A biomarker associated with basal cell carcinoma, EZH2, has been identified in a study published in JAMA Oncology. Higher levels of EZH2 and Ki67 were found in more aggressive tumors, suggesting that the protein may serve as a marker for increased cancer recurrence or tumor aggressiveness.
A new cancer treatment approach uses microparticles and mesenchymal stem cells to deliver chemotherapy directly to tumor cells, reducing systemic toxicity. The method successfully kills tumor cells via a strong bystander effect, offering hope for targeted treatment of prostate cancer and potentially other diseases.
PharmaMar showcases new compounds with unique mechanisms of action against solid and hematological tumors. Lurbinectedin attacks the microenvironment, Plitidepsin targets eEF1A2 protein, and PM184 disrupts blood vessels, cutting off nutrient and oxygen supply to tumor cells.
This special issue on cancer metastasis features groundbreaking research on tumor development, spread, and treatment resistance. Studies reveal the role of hypoxia, neutrophils, and genetic evolution in promoting metastasis, as well as potential therapeutic targets for prevention and treatment.
Researchers at CRI identified a new metabolic pathway that allows cancer cells to survive in conditions toxic to normal cells. The study reveals that cancer cells use an alternate version of the pentose phosphate pathway and the Krebs cycle to defend against reactive oxygen species.
Research shows that aged tumor cells in melanoma are more metastatic and resistant to treatment with targeted therapies due to changes in the microenvironment. Antioxidants, such as N-acetylcysteine, may be a better treatment strategy for older patients.
Researchers found that dozens of targeted therapies inhibit T cell activity, which can help fight tumors. However, pairing these drugs with an IL-15 superagonist stimulates T cell activity, preserving cancer-blocking effects. The study suggests a potential way to overcome immunosuppressive effects while maintaining anti-cancer benefits.
Researchers at Kyoto University's Yamada lab created a mouse model to study the EWS-FLI1 gene's role in bone cancer. The model revealed that other mutations are necessary for cancer development and that correcting osteogenic cell differentiation could prevent bone cancers.
Researchers used optogenetics to manipulate bioelectrical signals in cells, preventing tumor formation and inducing regression. This breakthrough provides proof of principle for a new class of therapies that use light to target tumors, potentially avoiding toxic chemotherapy.
Researchers have found a correlation between hypogonadism and high Gleason scores in prostate cancer patients. This association could help predict patient outcomes before surgery, allowing for more targeted treatment strategies.
Researchers identified a critical connection between the cancer-related gene Myc and cell-surface molecules that protect tumors from the immune system. The study found that reducing Myc expression led to lower levels of protective proteins CD47 and PD-L1 on tumor cells, enabling them to evade immune detection.
A recent study by MIT biologists found that cancer cells use amino acids to build new cell mass, contradicting the long-held assumption that glucose is the primary source. The largest contributors to cell mass were amino acids, making up 20-40% of total mass.
Researchers found PGK1 plays a key role in coordinating cellular processes for cancer metabolism and brain tumor formation. The enzyme promotes energy production through the Warburg effect, leading to rapid cancer growth.
A recent study shows that cancer cells work together with surrounding healthy cells to build new blood vessels, promoting tumor growth. Researchers found that collagen production is increased by a specific type of transfer RNA, allowing tumors to acquire the necessary resources to grow and spread.
Researchers at the Niels Bohr Institute have developed a new cancer treatment that uses nanoparticles to transport cytotoxin directly to cancer cells via the bloodstream. The treatment has been shown to be effective in targeting and destroying cancer cells while leaving healthy cells unaffected.
Researchers developed a new screening protocol to detect human polyomaviruses in tumor samples, but found no association with various types of cancer. The technique will aid in studying diseases linked to polyomaviruses, such as Merkel cell carcinoma caused by Merkel cell polyomavirus.
Researchers have developed a new nanoparticle that kills tumor cells in the eye by mimicking an enzyme used by immune cells, extending survival of mice with advanced breast cancer. The treatment offers advantages such as producing toxins per hour and being activated by light.
A recent study published in Developmental Cell reveals that 68% of solid tumors are aneuploid, meaning they have an abnormal number of chromosomes. Aneuploidy contributes to genomic instability and cancer progression by triggering cell death and proliferation signals.
Researchers found that cancer cells kill off surrounding cells to make room to grow, but drugs that prevent cell death might be effective at fighting cancer. Manipulating genetic variants in surrounding cells can contain tumors and prevent their spread.
A recent study found that the presence of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) promotes the motility of elongated mesenchymal tumour cells in breast cancer cells, which migrate along collagen fibres. This increased persistence and moderate speed suggests that EGF contributes to modulating the mobility of tumour cells.
University of Iowa researchers track cancerous human breast tissue cells' motion and accretion into tumors, discovering that only five percent of cancerous cells are needed to form a tumor. The team finds that cancer cells actively recruit healthy cells by extending cables to grab their neighbors, forming a larger mass.
A new study published in Developmental Cell suggests that the KIF1Bβ gene plays a key role in determining whether neural crest cells live or die. The research team found that loss of KIF1B-β is associated with poor prognosis and reduced survival in neuroblastoma patients.
Researchers identified SGEF as a target for new brain cancer therapies in a study published by Molecular Cancer Research. The protein promotes the survival of glioblastoma tumor cells and helps the cancer invade brain tissue.
Scientists at University of California, San Diego discover protein Wnt5a stimulates CLL cell growth via ROR1 and ROR2 proteins. Experimental monoclonal antibody cirmtuzumab inhibits growth and spread of cancer cells.
Researchers discovered that aggressive tumors hijack an export pathway in cells to lay the groundwork for cancer progression and resistance to chemotherapy. Blocking this pathway may help restore tumor vulnerability to chemotherapy.
Researchers at Technical University of Munich create a highly active molecule that selectively targets the alphaVbeta6 integrin, a common marker in many types of cancer. This breakthrough could lead to patient-specific diagnoses and targeted therapies with minimal side effects.
Researchers create spatiotemporal genomic analysis (SAGA) technique to study differences in cellular behavior, including cell migration and response to chemotherapy. This approach may lead to new treatments that hamper metastasis.
Researchers used a novel approach to measure the forces exerted by tumor cells on their surrounding connective tissue. By analyzing tissue deformations, they calculated cell forces with high accuracy, revealing key insights into tumour cell migration and behaviour.
Research by Allison Cleary reveals that breast cancer cells work together to promote tumor growth, contradicting the long-held assumption of competitive interactions within tumors. Her findings have implications for developing novel treatments that target cooperative interactions in human breast cancers.
City of Hope researchers presented phase 1 clinical trial results for novel leukemia and lymphoma treatments, including targeted radiation and antibody therapy. The studies showed promising safety and efficacy outcomes, paving the way for future trials and potential improved patient outcomes.
A new study offers insights into how ovarian cancer grows, revealing a patterned hierarchy of cancer stem cells. The research identifies a key protein, BMP2, that regulates the growth of these stem-like cells. Targeting this protein could lead to more effective therapies for ovarian cancer.