Articles tagged with Biodiversity
The newly described species Ridleyandra chuana is a rare herb found in montane forests of Peninsular Malaysia, with a limited distribution and only two known populations. The conservation status of this species has been assessed as Endangered due to its restricted distribution and low population numbers.
A recent study published in Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences explores the threat posed by shale gas fracking to biodiversity. The research reveals potential impacts on ecosystems, including salinization of soils, surface waters, and fragmentation of forests.
The article emphasizes that improving data quality in large online databases depends on a combination of automated checks and capturing expert knowledge. The authors argue that addressing issues requires collaboration between 'aggregators' and the broader expert community.
The U.S. Geological Survey's Biodiversity Information Serving Our Nation (BISON) system has launched, offering a vast repository of nearly 100 million mapped records of living US species. The database provides detailed information on species occurrences, including location, collector data, and environmental context.
Researchers discovered three new species of carnivorous snails in Thailand's limestone areas, highlighting the importance of conservation efforts. The study found that despite human exploitation and quarrying, these unique creatures continue to thrive in specific mountain ranges.
Researchers have discovered a new species of freshwater snail in Skadar Lake, an ancient lake on the Balkan Peninsula. The discovery highlights the importance of conserving this ecosystem due to its high level of endemism and vulnerability to eutrophication and pollution.
German researchers use DNA sequencing and high-resolution photos to identify over 100 previously unknown beetle species in New Guinea's tropical rainforests. The study employs innovative methods, including utilizing the Papuan phonebook to assign names to newly discovered species.
Researchers have developed a new sequencing method that reduces bias in measuring biodiversity by avoiding PCR amplification, allowing for accurate estimation of biomass and identification of species. This method was successfully tested on bulk arthropod samples and identified bacteria and insect species with high accuracy.
The complete genomes of three aye-aye lemur populations in Madagascar have been sequenced, revealing genetic diversity and historical separation. The research aims to prioritize conservation efforts for these critically endangered species, which are threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation.
Researchers have fitted satellite transmitters to wild frigatebirds on Ascension Island, providing real-time information on their locations. The data highlight areas used by the birds and show where they may need protection to conserve this iconic species.
A new project called Wordovators will study how people create, learn and use new words through mathematical modeling and large-scale computer games. Players from around the world will be recruited to perform tasks and challenges in invented languages.
The Pseudophoraspis genus, known for giant cockroaches, has expanded its range to the north with the discovery of three new species in China's Hainan, Yunnan, and Guangxi provinces. The newly described species are smaller than previously known species but significantly expand the genus' reach.
USC scientists have developed an algorithm to predict the value of DNA sequencing, which could make it more affordable for clinics. The algorithm uses a model from ecology known as capture-recapture to estimate population sizes, with potential applications in public health, astronomy, and biology.
A new data paper provides comprehensive, georeferenced information on Antarctic macrobenthic communities, including species such as echinoderms, sponges, and crustaceans. The database will facilitate future biodiversity research and conservation efforts in the Southern Ocean.
Researchers from Princeton University presented various topics at the 2013 AAAS annual meeting, including virtual water trade to cope with climate change, biodiversity indicators, and the physics of cancer. They also explored the evolutionary significance of third molar impaction in human populations.
A new study reveals the US Supreme Court is slightly more diverse today than ever in history, with high diversity in professional background and racial origin. However, the Court lacks educational diversity, with all justices attending either Harvard or Yale Law Schools.
A new study by Karl Zimmerer and colleagues found that small-scale farmers in Bolivia, Peru, and Mexico can successfully cultivate genetically diverse local crops alongside intensive agriculture. These farms often rely on remittances from migrant communities, which enables them to maintain agrobiodiversity maize.
Researchers have discovered 33 new species of trapdoor spiders in the American Southwest, adding to the genus Aptostichus, which now contains 40 species. The newly described species inhabit various habitats across California, from coastal sand dunes to alpine environments.
The Carnegie Airborne Observatory's AToMS system is uncovering a previously invisible ecological world by combining laser and spectral imaging instrumentation to derive simultaneous measurements of an ecosystem's chemistry, structure, biomass, and biodiversity. This technology has applications ranging from mitigating climate change to ...
The boreal forest in northern Alberta showed increased biodiversity up to 50% human disturbance, but then plant species decreased. Researchers found native species were replaced by invasive weeds from Europe and other alien ecosystems.
A team led by James Liebherr discovered 14 new species of predatory carabid beetles in the Society Islands, expanding the known distribution of the genus Mecyclothorax. The new species have limited geographic distributions and are found at high elevations, highlighting the importance of conservation efforts to maintain biodiversity.
A recent study found that climate change can exacerbate the negative effects of losing sensitive species, and that high biodiversity may be weaker than expected. This is particularly true for eelgrass meadows in shallow inlets, where a loss of cod and other predators can lead to an overgrowth of filamentous algae.
Researchers at Ohio State and the Sarawak Biodiversity Centre are collaborating on the development of silvestrol, a tropical tree-derived compound showing promise in treating acute and chronic leukemia. The team aims to isolate and purify the agent for laboratory and animal studies.
A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences predicts that rapid urban expansion will have significant impacts on global biodiversity hotspots. By 2030, urban areas are expected to expand by over 463,000 square miles, coinciding with infrastructure development that will transform land cover and cities globally.
Dr. Douglas J. Futuyma, a renowned evolutionary biologist, will receive the Joseph Leidy Award for his outstanding research and ability to communicate complex ideas to scientists and students alike. The symposium on biodiversity will explore current and future research on the diversity of life with a focus on evolutionary biology.
A study by University of Zurich botanists and ecologists found that higher biodiversity aids stress resistance in ecosystems. Systems with more species can maintain biomass production longer under moderate stress, while those with few species are more negatively impacted as stress increases.
A comprehensive review of European bird monitoring programs revealed opportunities for improvement in sampling design, data analysis, and public involvement. Recommendations include collecting quantitative data, optimizing resource allocation between sites, and increasing collaboration among programs to integrate and reuse sampled data.
Recent research reveals five new species of cuckoo bees from the Cape Verde Islands, demonstrating the region's rich biodiversity and evolutionary diversity. The discovery highlights a phenomenon known as 'island gigantism,' where isolated populations exhibit increased body size.
A University of Alabama graduate student rediscovered the Oblong Rocksnail, a freshwater snail declared extinct in 2000, in the Cahaba River. The species' range has been dramatically shortened due to pollution and habitat degradation, making it vulnerable to extinction.
Research shows that preserving a mix of streams with different temperatures supports salmon reproduction and provides an all-summer buffet for brown bears and gulls. This diversity allows predators to access salmon for up to three months, rather than just a few weeks.
A new study by William Laurance and co-authors finds that nearly half of tropical forest reserves are ineffective in protecting biodiversity. Well-protected reserves also show signs of decline, highlighting the need for improved conservation efforts to safeguard these critical ecosystems.
A new initiative establishes Online Identification Keys (OIK) as a derivative of Data Papers, facilitating interactive key construction and citation mechanism. MOSCHweb is a software platform that enables the creation of online keys, providing biologists and general users with benefits.
Researchers found that pre-Columbian human effects on the Amazon Basin were limited to small, mobile populations with minimal impact on the forest. The study overturns previous assumptions about large human settlements and agricultural practices in the region.
A continent-wide assessment of Antarctica's biogeography proposes dividing the landmass into 15 distinct conservation regions to safeguard native species. The 15 identified areas will serve as a basis for biosecurity measures to prevent invasive species transfer.
A Yale University study found that female butterflies learn to favor males with four spots on their wings, a novel mechanism for evolving morphological diversity. The researchers discovered that females can change their mating preferences after short exposure to different wing patterns.
LaJoyce Debro has made significant contributions to fostering research training among underrepresented minorities in microbiology. She is recognized for her dedication to mentoring students and promoting diversity in scientific careers.
AIBS awarded Dr. Barbara Schaal for pioneering plant molecular systematics and conservation biology research. Dr. Thomas Lovejoy received the Outstanding Service Award for his biodiversity conservation work. Dr. Diane Ebert-May was honored for her innovative teaching approaches and science education research.
Biologists at The University of Texas at Austin discovered that humans, fish and frogs share neural circuits responsible for diverse social behaviors. These circuits have existed for over 450 million years, indicating a common genetic framework for the evolution of new behavior.
The Belgian Biodiversity Platform has released a new website to visualize the distribution of vascular plants in Belgium, featuring over 23,000 checklists and 2.5 million observations. The platform can be used for analysis and comparison of floral data over successive periods.
A new study by University of South Florida researchers found that chlorothalonil kills a wide variety of freshwater organisms, including amphibians and aquatic plants, leading to ecosystem changes. The findings highlight the need to reassess the fungicide's safety and its impact on ecosystems.
The Map of Life project demonstrates a Web-based endeavor to show the distribution of all living plants and animals on the planet. The database contains hundreds of millions of records on species abundance and distribution, enhancing knowledge of biodiversity.
Researchers at Auburn University have discovered a new species of trapdoor spider, named Myrmekiaphila tigris, in the heart of the city. The spider's unique features were confirmed through DNA analysis and physical examination, highlighting the biodiversity still unknown to scientists.
Researchers found that coral-dwelling crabs and snapping shrimp are more effective when fighting together than alone, with a 65% reduction in coral eaten by two pairs of crustaceans compared to one pair. This phenomenon, called the Multiple Defender Effect, highlights the importance of biodiversity in ocean conservation.
The Missouri Botanical Garden has received a $260,000 NEH grant to enhance its Biodiversity Heritage Library. The library's digitized texts now include software tools for automated image identification and description. This will allow users to search and filter images by type, color content, subject matter, or organism names.
Modern nature conservation faces challenges in governing diverse ecosystems, with threats from human activities like forestry, agriculture, and fisheries. The study emphasizes the need for efficient governance to address these issues and halt biodiversity deterioration.
Glacier-fed river ecosystems face extinction due to climate change, with up to 11-38% loss of species adapted to glacial streams. Researchers from the University of Copenhagen warn that this could have unknown consequences for ecosystem functioning.
The EU's Habitats Directive has created the world's largest network of protected areas, Natura 2000, which covers 18% of land and sea surfaces. The review outlines the development process of this complex conservation project over two decades.
The new journal aims to facilitate better interaction between scientists, policy-makers, and managers, with a focus on synergistic interactions and open data publishing. It will consider conventional papers as well as 'Applied Conservation Papers' that bring together project reports and other knowledge.
A new study found surprising diversity in a single neural connection in flies, challenging the idea that structure is key to understanding function. The research suggests that genetic drift or natural selection may have shaped these diverse connections, leading to rapid evolution.
University of Pittsburgh researcher Sandra Mitchell emphasizes the need for adaptive policy in GMO regulation due to local variations and diverse host plants. Her proposal includes scenario analyses and mediation to address conflicting values among stakeholders.
A new species of liverwort, Frullania knightbridgei, is discovered in New Zealand and described using revolutionary electronic publishing rules. The publication accelerates scientific discovery and description of new plant species, crucial for understanding early land plant evolution and conserving biodiversity.
The Encyclopedia of Life has grown from 30,000 pages to over 900,000 with a 2,900% increase in content, thanks to new partnerships and language additions. The platform now serves information on 15,000 species in Spanish and provides conservation data from the IUCN and NatureServe.
The open access journal ZooKeys has seen significant growth in publications and articles since its launch in 2008, reaching over 10,000 pages and 420 articles in 2011. The journal's innovative publishing model with automated extraction and dissemination of information allows for easy distribution of valuable data on biodiversity.
The EU-funded project ViBRANT has leveraged electronic infrastructures to accelerate biodiversity discoveries. Researchers from 17 European institutions have shared historical and newly collected data, enabling new insights into biodiversity.
The 'Pollen Under the Microscope' exhibition showcases stunning images of pollens from Australia and overseas, using cutting-edge technology to rapidly identify pollen grains. Pollen is vital for human life, agriculture, and biodiversity, and this technology aims to aid conservation and ecology by providing more accessible information.
A new 'Data Paper' workflow has been pioneered by GBIF and Pensoft publishers to provide incentives for data compilers. The first-ever peer-reviewed paper derived directly from a biodiversity metadata document is published in the ZooKeys journal.
The GigaBlitz event aims to document global biodiversity by having citizen scientists create panoramic images of their backyards and surrounding areas. The project, organized by Carnegie Mellon University, uses gigapixel imagery to record and share data for sites that may be widely separated.
A UT study reveals climate change affects ants' ability to disperse seeds and perform vital ecosystem functions, potentially jeopardizing plant biodiversity. Researchers observed dramatic changes in ant behavior in response to temperature increases.
A genetic study of cave millipedes in the southern Cumberland Plateau highlights the importance of conservation efforts for isolated species. The research found that these millipedes have reduced pigmentation, non-functional eyes, and diverged several million years ago.
Researchers are exploring why warm places have more species by studying brown food webs and their impact on biodiversity. The four-year project will test mathematical models on trees, small animals, and microbes to predict the effects of global climate change.