Articles tagged with Pancreas
Researchers at the University of Exeter have developed a new genetic sequencing technology to identify novel mutations causing congenital hyperinsulinism. This breakthrough will enable clinicians to make more informed decisions about treatment, reducing the need for invasive procedures.
Researchers found that targeting glutamate receptors in the vagus nerve may control pancreatic functions, providing new hope for treating conditions like gastro-esophageal reflux disorder. The study's findings support the idea that separate nerve pathways regulate diverse organs along the upper gastrointestinal tract.
Researchers identified a genetic variant on chromosome X that predicts high-risk men who drink heavily are at risk for developing chronic pancreatitis. The discovery enables doctors to identify patients with early signs of pancreatitis or acute attacks, allowing them to take preventative action and give the pancreas a chance to heal.
Researchers found that epigallocatechin-3-gallate, a compound in green tea, can reduce blood glucose levels when combined with starchy foods. This suggests that drinking green tea with meals containing starch may help control typical blood sugar increases.
Researchers develop novel mathematical models for injection of insulin in type 1 and type 2 diabetes, simulating injections of insulin in the manner of insulin pumps. The models simulate open-loop and closed-loop systems, achieving real-time feedback between glucose levels and insulin delivery.
Researchers at University of California, Berkeley report that epithelial cells in cornea express small antimicrobial peptides to defend against bacterial infections. High levels of prolactin block expression of kisspeptin, a protein hormone that induces secretion of GnRH, leading to infertility in women.
Cystic fibrosis causes two abnormalities in the pancreas that affect insulin production, leading to diabetes. The study also found that CF can disrupt insulin regulation as early as birth, with defects in chloride channel protein potentially contributing to the problem.
A recent study published in Diabetes Care found that Latinos are more vulnerable to fatty pancreas and Type 2 diabetes due to their ability to store excess fat in the pancreas. This can lead to a reduced capacity for insulin production, increasing the risk of developing the disease.
A new study published in Gastroenterology suggests that the immune system protein NFATc3 plays a significant role in the development of acute pancreatitis. The researchers found links between NFAT and trypsinogen activation, neutrophil recruitment, and tissue damage in mice.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic found that patients without a pancreas can control their blood sugar levels as effectively as type 1 diabetes patients using insulin replacement. The study's findings suggest that removing the entire pancreas is reasonably safe and effective for diabetes management.
Researchers found a significant link between radiotherapy and an increased risk of developing diabetes in childhood cancer survivors. The study, which analyzed over 2500 patient questionnaires and medical records, suggests that radiation exposure to the tail of the pancreas may be particularly damaging.
A UCSF study reveals TXNIP's role in amplifying stress in the earliest stages of diabetes, leading to pancreatic cell death and insulin production loss. The molecule is central to the inflammatory process, making it a promising new drug target for preventing or stalling diabetes.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University and Legacy Health have discovered a method to stabilize liquid glucagon, enabling its use in standard diabetes pumps. This breakthrough could lead to future-generation artificial pancreas systems that dispense both insulin and glucagon for optimal glucose control.
The Hypoglycemia-Hyperglycemia Minimizer (HHM) System successfully detects blood glucose highs and lows, automatically adjusting insulin delivery to safely manage type 1 diabetes. The study's findings lay the groundwork for further clinical trials and a potential game-changer for millions living with the condition.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have developed a minimally invasive technique to detect pancreatic cancer in the nearby small intestine using a light probe. The study found that this technology can detect all 10 pancreatic cancers tested, with high accuracy rates and potential for early detection without invasive procedures.
Researchers found that removing Bim allowed autoreactive T-cells to survive but remain inactive. Understanding this mechanism could lead to new therapies for autoimmune diseases like diabetes.
A rare genetic disorder has provided insight into pancreatic development, suggesting that GATA6 plays a crucial role in programming stem cells to become pancreatic cells. The study sheds light on the underlying causes of most cases of pancreatic agenesis and may help develop new treatments for type 1 diabetes.
Researchers discovered a mutation in the GATA6 gene linked to pancreatic agenesis, a rare condition where the pancreas fails to develop. This finding provides insight into how stem cells can be programmed to become pancreatic cells, potentially leading to new treatments for type 1 diabetes.
Researchers found that high levels of dendritic cells in the pancreas can alleviate cellular stress caused by severe inflammation, while low levels are associated with exacerbated pancreas injury. Dendritic cells play a critical protective role in pancreatic organ survival.
A group of international diabetes researchers have been awarded $4.5 million to engineer an artificial pancreas system that can monitor and adapt to the body's complex physiological changes. The system aims to improve quality of life for patients with type 1 diabetes by treating the condition in their natural environment.
Researchers developed a method to optimize ion channel activity, reversing abnormal neuronal function and pathology in epilepsy. The study suggests this approach may be useful for other brain diseases and organs with excitable cells.
Researchers used gene therapy to increase a protein in mouse pancreas that prevents immune attack, potentially leading to new drugs for type 1 diabetes and organ rejection prevention. The discovery may also apply to other autoimmune disorders.
Mayo Clinic researchers are developing an artificial pancreas that will deliver insulin automatically and with individualized precision, reducing the need for daily insulin dosing and finger pricks. The system includes a blood sugar monitor, automatic insulin pump, activity monitors, and a central processing unit.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have created a closed-loop artificial pancreas that can automatically monitor blood sugar levels and administer insulin to individuals with Type 1 diabetes. The device aims to reduce the guesswork involved in daily insulin management, which is crucial for maintaining stable glucose levels.
Researchers identify a refined mechanism in the pancreas that uses autophagy to selectively detect and degrade activated enzymes, potentially preventing pancreatitis. The discovery could lead to new therapeutic approaches for patients with acute or chronic pancreatic disease.
Researchers at Northwestern University discovered a direct link between the pancreas' molecular clock and insulin production, highlighting its role in regulating glucose homeostasis. The findings suggest that faulty clocks may contribute to the development of diabetes.
Researchers have discovered that type 1 diabetes patients experience a 10-fold increase in islet cell replication after diagnosis. This finding suggests that immune cells are involved in triggering the replication process. The study offers promising results for developing a therapy to encourage beta cells to reproduce and produce insulin.
A new artificial pancreas system has been developed to mimic the body's natural glucose control mechanism, using insulin and glucagon hormones. The system was tested in a clinical trial with 11 adults with type 1 diabetes, showing that it can maintain near-normal glucose levels without causing hypoglycemia.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge found that first-generation artificial pancreas systems can lower risk of low blood sugar emergencies while sleeping and improve diabetes control. The study showed improved target blood glucose levels, minimized low blood sugars, and reduced hypoglycemia.
Scientists at the University of Cambridge have developed a new algorithm that significantly improves glucose control and reduces the risk of hypoglycemia in children with type 1 diabetes. The study shows that using an artificial pancreas system overnight can halve the time blood glucose levels fall below 3.9mmol/l, while sleeping.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have discovered that corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) plays a part in the pancreas, increasing insulin secretion and promoting beta cell division. This finding may provide new insights into diabetes, particularly type 1, and suggest novel targets for drug intervention.
Researchers from Taiwan evaluated 34 CT-guided biopsies in patients with pancreas masses, demonstrating a high success rate and minimal complications. The study suggests that transgastric biopsy using large needles is a feasible alternative method for pancreatic lesion sampling.
A specific gene in the pancreas affects insulin secretion, leading to improved blood glucose regulation and potential new treatments for diabetes. The discovery opens a new understanding of diabetes pathophysiology.
Researchers found that common herbicides and lipid-lowering drugs inhibit the T1R3 receptor in human tissues, affecting glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism. The study's findings highlight the importance of testing chemicals on human tissues to understand potential health effects.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have identified a master regulator gene for early embryonic development of the pancreas and other organs. The study reveals that Sox17 acts like a toggle or binary switch, instructing cells to become either pancreatic or part of the biliary system.
Researchers have discovered that deleting specific genes can significantly reduce toxic calcium release in pancreatic cells, which can trigger pancreatitis. The study's findings may lead to the development of more effective treatments for the disease, particularly those related to excessive drinking.
A new study reveals that three cell-signaling pathways work simultaneously to direct pancreas and liver progenitor cells to mature into their final state. The research provides insight into the basis of tissue development and how it can be manipulated for regeneration and development from embryonic stem cells.
A new study reveals that only heavy alcohol consumption above 5 drinks per day significantly raises the risk of chronic pancreatitis. Dose-dependent smoking also contributes to the risk, with smokers having more severe pancreatitis and longer smoking history.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University found that invagination of the pancreas into the small intestine after pancreaticoduodenectomy lowers the rate of pancreatic fistula. The study compared two reconnection procedures and showed a significant reduction in fistula development with invagination.
Researchers developed a method to estimate fetal radiation doses from ERCP procedures, revealing that doses may occasionally exceed 10 mGy. The study emphasizes the need for physicians to accurately estimate fetal radiation exposure to determine appropriate treatment and minimize risks.
Researchers develop novel method to identify stem cells in pancreas, showing acinar cells produce digestive enzymes and may have carcinogenic properties. The breakthrough paves the way for further study on proliferation mechanisms and potential dangers of these cells.
A new endoscope, Spyglass Spyscope, was used in a multi-center study to diagnose and treat disorders of the bile duct, liver, and pancreas. The procedure showed promising results, with clearance of stones achieved in 37 patients after one procedure and modification of diagnoses in 20 patients.
A recent study found that smoking is associated with an increased risk of acute and chronic pancreatitis. The risk of developing the disease was higher in smokers than non-smokers, regardless of alcohol consumption or gallstone disease.
A pioneering surgical technique developed in Spain has successfully removed benign tumors from the pancreas using laparoscopic central pancreatectomy, preserving a large part of the gland. The procedure reduces complications, hospitalization periods, and risk of post-operative diabetes.
Researchers explore alternative anatomical sites for islet transplantation, including the pancreas, to improve engraftment potential and patient safety. Bioartificial pancreas engineering and encapsulation technologies are also being developed to overcome challenges in current transplantation methods.
A unique drug combination, Lisofylline and Islet Neogenesis Associated Protein peptide, has shown promising results in reversing Type 1 diabetes in diabetic mice. The study found that the combination led to a remission rate of 70% in mice with high blood glucose levels.
Primary pancreatic MFH is a rare entity with distinct clinical characteristics, requiring prompt diagnosis for effective treatment. Characteristic imaging findings include large, liquescent-necrosis masses or multilocular cystic lesions with calcification on CT scans.
A study of over 660 operations found that minimally invasive pancreas surgery resulted in fewer complications, shorter hospital stays, and lower blood loss compared to traditional surgery. The approach has also been shown to be viable for the surgical care of other organs.
A new method of pancreaticojejunostomy has been developed to overcome technical difficulties in performing the procedure on soft pancreas with narrow ductal size. The method uses a fast-absorbable suture material and temporary stent to secure complete external drainage of pancreatic juice.
Scientists at JDRF have identified a new pancreatic progenitor cell capable of generating insulin-producing beta cells. These cells, similar to embryonic progenitors, show promise for regenerating lost beta cells in people with type 1 diabetes.
A rare case of antegrade bowel intussusception after pancreatic duct reconstruction was reported, leading to a diagnosis of severe variant of Roux-en-Y stasis syndrome. The patient had previous episodes of abdominal pain and vomiting suggesting altered intestinal motility.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have identified a protein called menin as a key regulator of gestational diabetes. The study suggests that understanding the mechanisms of regulating menin could lead to new ways of growing islets for transplantation and new treatments for diabetes in pregnant women and obese adults.
A Northwestern University-developed optical technology has been found to be effective in the early detection of colon cancer, now appearing promising for detecting pancreatic cancer. The technique can detect abnormal changes in cells lining the duodenum without touching or imaging the pancreas.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have demonstrated that injured pancreatic cells readily regenerate back into healthy acinar cells. This finding holds promise for treating cancer and inflammation of the pancreas, while shifting focus from regenerating insulin-producing beta cells.
A clinical trial shows that islet transplantation using the Edmonton Protocol can dramatically benefit certain patients with severe complications of Type 1 diabetes. The procedure has promising implications for treating this autoimmune disease, which affects an estimated 21 million Americans.
Antarctic fish use the exocrine pancreas and stomach to produce antifreeze glycoproteins, contradicting earlier assumptions about liver production. The discovery sheds new light on teleost freeze-avoidance physiology.
Researchers have successfully delivered insulin genes to the pancreas of rats using a new 'bubble' technique, resulting in lowered blood sugar levels and no damage to the organ. The technique, known as UTMD, delivers genes via microscopic bubbles that are burst with ultrasound, releasing the genes into the pancreas.
Researchers at Columbia University have developed a non-invasive method to measure beta cell mass in diabetic rats using positron emission tomography (PET)-based quantitation of pancreatic radiolabeled VMAT2 receptors. This method has the potential to study the pathogenesis of diabetes and monitor therapeutic interventions.
A new study discovered that BMP4 signaling is necessary and sufficient for the proliferation of pancreas progenitor cells, leading to an increase in Id expression. The researchers also found that inhibition of BMP4 results in a decrease in proliferating duct cells and an increase in the expression of a bHLH protein-dependent factor PAX6.
Scientists have made significant breakthroughs in understanding how proteins are transported across cell membranes, a process fundamental to all living organisms. The findings could lead to new insights into the treatment of type-2 diabetes and other diseases.