Articles tagged with Carbohydrates
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A study found that adding the prebiotic fructooligosacharide (FOS) to the diets of pediatric patients with intestinal failure can increase gut growth and function. The prebiotic converts into butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid that enhances nutrient digestion and absorption.
The National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) is honoring its 50th anniversary with a symposium showcasing research advancements in disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. NIGMS has funded over 74 Nobel laureates and supports research training programs to foster the next generation of scientists.
A study of three diets found that a low-fat diet led to the greatest decrease in resting energy expenditure and total energy expenditure following weight loss. The researchers suggest that a low-fat diet may increase the risk for weight regain compared to other diets.
Researchers found a high prevalence of sleep apnea (82%) and associated carbohydrate cravings in diabetic patients. The study suggests that sleep apnea is an independent risk factor for self-reported carbohydrate cravings among Type 2 diabetes patients.
A new study of three diets with obese children shows that all diets are effective in managing weight. The reduced glycemic load diet may be the most promising approach for pediatric weight management.
A study published in BMJ Open found that baby-led weaning promotes healthy food preferences and may protect against obesity. The research suggests that infants who are weaned through this method learn to regulate their food intake, leading to a lower BMI and a preference for healthy foods like carbohydrates.
Jane Grande-Allen, Rice University's first faculty member to win the award, will receive a five-year research grant to study the unique biological properties of heart valves. Her goal is to develop novel therapies for valve disease and create living, healing heart-valve replacements.
A new study published in American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that diets including lean beef every day are as effective in lowering total and LDL 'bad' cholesterol as the 'gold standard' of heart-healthy diets. Participants experienced a 10% decrease in LDL cholesterol from consuming 4.0 oz/day of lean beef daily.
Researchers found that increased starch intake was associated with a greater risk of breast cancer recurrence in women. Women who increased their starch intake over one year were at a higher risk for recurring, with changes in starch intake accounting for 48% of the change in carbohydrate intake.
Researchers create a glycoconjugate vaccine prototype that is 100 times more effective than traditional vaccines due to its recognition of carbohydrate-specific T-cells. The breakthrough may lead to better vaccines for high-risk populations and more effective treatments for various diseases.
Researchers introduced a new computer-based model, L-PEACH-d, to simulate peach tree growth and optimize horticultural practices. The model integrates concepts of carbon assimilation, distribution, and use in trees.
A new study published in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition shows that soy protein supplementation can help lower blood lipids and reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. The study found that soy protein significantly increased HDL cholesterol and lowered LDL cholesterol, providing a potential cardiovascular benefit.
Researchers led by Robert Linhardt of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have sequenced the first complex carbohydrate biopolymer, bikunin. The discovery provides a fundamental new view of these vital biomolecules, which play roles in cell structure and development, disease pathology, and blood clotting.
Researchers at Caltech have developed a new, more potent form of the HIV-fighting protein cyanovirin-N by linking two proteins together. The engineered protein, called CVN2L0, is 18 times more effective at preventing infection than the naturally occurring single protein and neutralizes all 33 subtypes of HIV tested against it.
A randomized controlled clinical trial found that soy and milk protein supplements lowered systolic blood pressure in adults with pre-hypertension and stage-1 high blood pressure. The study suggests replacing refined carbohydrates with foods or drinks high in soy or milk protein may help prevent and treat high blood pressure.
A study presents a linear relationship between carbohydrate craving and sleep deprivation among high school seniors, finding excessive daytime sleepiness increases carb cravings. The research also reveals a higher rate of depression and stronger cravings for carbohydrates in students with severe sleep deprivation.
A new study suggests that a modest reduction in carbohydrate consumption can promote loss of deep belly fat, even with little or no weight change. The study, which involved 69 overweight but healthy individuals, found that those on a moderately carb-restricted diet lost more total body fat during a weight loss phase.
Researchers assigned participants with NAFLD to eat a low-carb diet or a low-calorie diet for 14 days. After two weeks, the study found that the low-carb diet resulted in more significant reductions in liver fat. Both diets led to weight loss of approximately 10 pounds.
A study found that media exposure to idealized body shapes improves women's body satisfaction, at least initially. However, this effect is often accompanied by increased dieting behavior and ultimately unsustainable body image.
Researchers at the WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition found that healthy cats regulate protein, fat, and carbohydrate consumption to meet their natural prey's macronutrient needs. The study suggests that domestic cats have a self-regulating mechanism to control their intake of these essential nutrients.
A study found that adding monounsaturated fats to a low-cholesterol diet increased HDL by 12.5% and lowered LDL levels by 35%. The Mediterranean diet is an effective approach to cholesterol control. Increasing dietary monounsaturated fat may enhance the cardioprotective effect of cholesterol-lowering diets.
At high altitudes, mountain mice use more carbohydrates than fat to fuel exercise, saving oxygen and increasing energy yield. This adaptation allows them to thrive in low-oxygen environments.
Researchers at UC are developing carbohyrate-based diagnostics for influenza virus using a $2.3 million NIH grant. The team aims to create rapid, user-friendly tests for early detection and accurate typing of the flu strain.
A recent study by Research Australia suggests that relying solely on fat oxidation for weight loss is ineffective. The research found that mice genetically altered to burn fats in preference to carbohydrates still converted unburned carbohydrates into stored fat, ultimately leading to the same weight and body composition as normal mice.
Dr. Feinman will present on the controversy surrounding dietary strategies for diabetes treatment, stating that carbohydrate consumption raises blood glucose levels. He emphasizes that there is scientific consensus on this issue, but disagrees with healthcare professionals' advice.
A controversy surrounds Sweden's promotion of low-carb high-fat (LCHF) diets, sparking concern over national public health and individual well-being. Despite scientific evidence, a group of experts was removed from the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare due to perceived conflicts of interest.
A recent study found that carbohydrate restriction without weight loss can slow prostate tumor growth by lowering serum insulin levels. The researchers believe that this mechanism is key to fighting prostate cancer growth and potentially improving patient outcomes.
The Department of Energy has awarded the University of Georgia Complex Carbohydrate Research Center a four-year, $3.1 million grant to continue supporting research on complex carbohydrates in plants and microbes. The grant renewal marks the sixth time the center has received funding since its inception in 1986.
A two-year study found that reducing calories leads to weight loss regardless of carbohydrate, protein, or fat content. Participants who attended counseling sessions lost more weight than those without, supporting the importance of continued support in achieving weight loss goals.
Research shows that protein sports drinks are superior to carbohydrate-only drinks in improving cyclists' recovery from exercise. The study found that subjects who consumed a mix of carbohydrate and protein had lower self-reported fatigue levels and increased fat oxidation.
Researchers use advanced microscopy techniques to image the structure of peptidoglycan, a key component of bacterial cell walls. The study reveals that glycan strands wrap around the cell like a belt, allowing scientists to better understand how bacteria grow and respond to antibiotics.
Researchers found that fetuses of obese mother rats developed obesity in adulthood due to altered energy homeostasis and hormone levels. The study suggests that women maintaining optimal conditions during pregnancy may be crucial in preventing adult-onset obesity.
Researchers from the University of Granada found that university students following Ramadan experience macronutrient imbalances, leading to increased corporal fat and reduced muscular mass. A new diet plan has been proposed to counterbalance these effects by reducing fat and increasing protein and carbohydrate intake.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have developed a fully synthetic heparin alternative that is safer and more pure than traditional heparin. The new version uses a process called chemoenzymatic synthesis to replicate the natural biosynthesis of heparin, resulting in a higher dose and lower risk of contamination.
A new study suggests that a diet with a big breakfast of carbs and protein can lead to more successful weight loss, as seen in the 8-month study where participants lost an average of 16.5 pounds. The high-carb and protein intake controlled appetite and cravings for sweets and starches.
Researchers discovered a previously thought non-essential gene linked to salt tolerance in arabidopsis, which may aid in developing plants resistant to high salt levels. The finding clarifies the role of complex-N-glycan and could lead to improved crop yields in salt-affected areas.
A low-carb diet has been shown to reduce inflammation and blood saturated fat levels in patients with metabolic syndrome, a condition associated with diabetes and coronary heart disease. The study found that reducing carbohydrate intake led to greater improvements in inflammatory markers compared to a low-fat diet.
Researchers at UGA have discovered a species-specific cell-wall carbohydrate in B. anthracis, making it an important target for diagnostic tests and potential vaccine additives. The molecule's unique structure could help develop new vaccines and diagnostics to combat anthrax.
A study found that many patients have difficulty interpreting and applying serving sizes on food labels, particularly those with poor literacy and numeracy skills. This can make it hard for patients to follow a good diet, highlighting the need for healthcare providers and the FDA to improve communication and label design.
A recent study found that individuals maintaining weight loss reported consuming more fat and fewer carbohydrates. Despite this shift, participants who maintained a low-calorie diet with moderate fat intake remained successful in weight loss maintenance.
A recent USF Health study published in Osteoporosis International found that low-carbohydrate diets do not increase bone loss. Patients on the diet lost significant weight without compromising their bone health. The study's lead author notes potential limitations, but emphasizes the benefits of a balanced approach to weight management.
Researchers at Purdue University have visualized the binding of the dengue virus to a key host cell receptor, DC-SIGN. The study provides new insights into how the virus initiates infection and could potentially lead to the development of new treatments.
The Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial found that a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet did not result in weight gain among postmenopausal women. Instead, participants lost about 5 pounds initially and weighed less than the control group after 9 years.
Researchers argue that reducing carbohydrate intake is key to treating metabolic syndrome, as it can restore insulin responses and improve overall health. Studies have shown that carbohydrate reduction is more effective than fat reduction in addressing the various components of metabolic syndrome.
A randomized feeding study found that diets partially replacing carbohydrates with protein or monounsaturated fat lowered blood pressure and improved serum lipid levels. These findings suggest that macronutrient substitution can further reduce cardiovascular disease risk in the general population.
A new study from Johns Hopkins Medicine found that replacing carbohydrates with protein-rich foods or monounsaturated fats reduces the risk of heart disease. The study, which lasted three years, involved 164 healthy adults who followed one of three diets: high in carbohydrate, high in protein, or high in monounsaturated fat.
Researchers found that a high fat, low carbohydrate diet can improve Alzheimer's disease in mice by regulating insulin and promoting ketone body production. This study suggests that dietary components may influence the metabolic state of key aspects of Alzheimer's disease.
A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial found that chromium picolinate supplementation significantly reduced carbohydrate cravings and improved symptoms of atypical depression. The study suggests that chromium picolinate may be beneficial for patients with severe carbohydrate craving, a characteristic symptom of the disorder.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed a four-phase catalytic reactor to convert biomass-derived carbohydrates into sulfur-free liquid alkanes. The process produces 90% of the energy found in the feedstock and creates twice the energy as ethanol production, with no additional heating or distillation required.
A three-week study of ten obese volunteers with mild type 2 diabetes mellitus found that a very low-carbohydrate diet led to an average weight loss of 3.6 pounds, primarily due to reduced calorie intake rather than loss of body fluid or increased metabolism. The results suggest that carbohydrate restriction may stimulate excessive appe...
A study by Mount Sinai School of Medicine found that mice fed a reduced carbohydrate diet slowed disease progression, with anti-amyloidogenic activities increased and plaque development prevented. The findings provide a possible mechanism for caloric reduction to prevent Alzheimer's disease.
The St. Jude team determined the shape of CbpA, a large protein used by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria to invade human cells. This discovery will guide researchers in developing a new vaccine that can trigger production of antibodies against the CbpA protein.
Men on a very low-carbohydrate diet lost significantly more weight from their upper bodies compared to those on a low-fat diet, with three times greater fat loss in the trunk area. Women also showed significant benefits, although with less dramatic results.
A new low-carb potato variety developed by HZPC will be available to consumers in January 2025. The potato has 30 percent fewer carbohydrates compared to a standard Russet baking potato, and is also non-genetically engineered.
Researchers at UC Riverside have successfully developed a low-carb corn variety with increased protein and oil content, thanks to the introduction of a cytokinin gene that promotes plant growth. This breakthrough could help address global food security challenges by improving the nutritional value of cereal grains.
Dr. Dean Ornish challenges the effectiveness of low-carb diets like Atkins, recommending a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. He argues that these foods enhance fullness without adding significant calories, promoting healthier weight loss options.
Researchers found that participants on the Atkins diet lost an average of 14.7 pounds compared to 5.8 pounds in the conventional diet group after one year. Additionally, Atkins participants had greater increases in HDL cholesterol and reductions in triglycerides.
Dr. Linhardt developed low-molecular-weight heparins, a type of anticoagulant that can be administered as daily shots, reducing hospital costs and improving patient outcomes. His research also aims to manufacture the drug in labs rather than harvesting it from animal tissue.
Researchers found that a molecular sticking process stops the embryo's journey along the uterine wall and starts attaching it to the wall, creating a sticky environment. The discovery of L-selectin protein helps to understand human embryo implantation and may prove useful to treat infertility.
Researchers have discovered that certain types of naturally occurring carbohydrates in the body may cause rheumatoid arthritis by triggering an immune response and leading to inflammation and joint damage. The study found that glycosaminoglycans, a major component of joint cartilage and skin, activate inflammatory cells in the joints.