Articles tagged with Open Access
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A research team developed an innovative optical technique, 'spectrum shuttle,' to produce and shape GHz burst pulses. The method facilitates ultrafast imaging within subnanosecond timescales, enabling analysis of rapid phenomena.
A team of researchers at Ghent University and imec developed a silicon photonic temperature sensor that measures up to 180°C. The sensor was realized in the framework of the European SEER project, where partners focus on integrating optical sensors in manufacturing routines for composite parts.
A new study using Raman spectroscopy has identified Pseudomonas bacteria from turtle skin in just 5-30 minutes, offering a faster alternative to traditional methods. The technique provides detailed information about bacterial chemical structure and holds great potential for future research on other microorganisms.
Researchers found that BCMA-positive extracellular vesicles (EVs) in plasma levels correlated with myeloma patient responses to belantamab-mafodotin therapy. High EV levels preceded FLC progression and were associated with mafodotin-induced eryptosis.
Researchers found that Eurasian jays settle for less preferred food options when rivals are present, while New Caledonian crows consistently choose the better, delayed reward. The study suggests that species' social tolerance and competition levels influence self-control in animals.
The portal brings together genomic data from different biodiversity projects to aid conservation and biodiversity efforts. It allows researchers to understand genetic factors that make a species unique, including its vulnerabilities and strengths in adapting to changing environmental conditions.
Researchers developed three diffractive deep neural networks using orbital angular momentum to recognize objects in images, achieving accuracy comparable to wavelength and polarization-based models. The technology has potential for real-time processing applications like image recognition and data-intensive tasks.
A recent study on psychic channeling experiences found little correspondence among channelers' answers to scientific questions, yet common themes emerged in the qualitative analysis. The results raise important questions about the complex phenomenon of channeling and its potential usefulness for future research.
A new study found that people's reported media preferences often don't match their actual news consumption, highlighting the need for more accurate measurement. The researchers also discovered that those with divergent media preferences tend to visit similar online news outlets, challenging common assumptions about media polarization.
A new deblurring algorithm has been developed to improve the resolution of microscopy images without amplifying noise. This breakthrough technique, called 'deblurring by pixel reassignment,' uses local gradients to sharpen images while preserving larger structures.
A Dartmouth study analyzing declassified Cold War satellite imagery identified 396 previously undocumented Roman forts across the northern Fertile Crescent. The forts were constructed from east to west, contradicting Father Antoine Poidebard's north-south axis claim and suggesting a more complex distribution along Rome's eastern frontier.
A new method called TWC-Swin effectively restores holographic images even under low spatial coherence and arbitrary turbulence, surpassing traditional convolutional network-based methods. The study demonstrates strong generalization capabilities, extending its application to unseen scenes.
Researchers developed an AI tool for automatic colorectal cancer tissue analysis, refining neural networks to offer faster and more precise classification. The tool's public accessibility aims to spur further advancements and breakthroughs in colorectal cancer research.
Researchers have developed an integrated THz vortex beam emitter to detect rotating targets with remarkable precision. The system uses spiraling electromagnetic waves with orbital angular momentum to accurately measure the speed of a rotating object, with a maximum margin of error of just around 2 percent.
The development of a new photonic technique enables the precise control of photonic angular momentum, allowing for the efficient recognition and real-time control of total angular momentum modes. The technique, which involves the symmetrical cascading of two units, has been experimentally demonstrated to recognize up to 42 individual T...
Researchers at Nanjing University have developed a miniaturized FSO system achieving an astonishing 9.16 Gbps bandwidth over 1 km link using readily available commercial fiber transceiver modules. The system enables automatic tracking and precision acquisition, eliminating the need for optical amplification.
A Texas A&M University team, led by Dr. Terri Pantuso, is developing an open-access writing curriculum to prepare high school students for college-level English courses. The project aims to improve TSI readiness and incorporates digital instructional tools, AI-powered learning resources, and intervention strategies.
The MIT Press is expanding its shift+OPEN initiative with a $275,000 NSF grant to flip two high-impact subscription-based journals to diamond OA. The program aims to accelerate STEM and HSS research by providing barrier-free access to scholarly works.
The Intergovernmental Negotiating Body Bureau emphasizes the importance of social media regulation and digital health literacy in managing infodemics, which can spread false information on public health matters. Effective infodemic management is seen as a critical component of the Pandemic Accord to safeguard lives worldwide.
Researchers have developed high-resolution near-eye displays with integrated light field technology, overcoming limitations of earlier displays. The new designs feature improved resolution, pixel density, and vision correction capabilities, resulting in enhanced visual comfort and immersive VR experiences.
The Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science (OECS) is a dynamic web reference that will equip readers with essential tools to grapple with the profound implications of cognition and intelligence in today's society. With generous funding from James S. McDonnell Foundation and the Allen Institute for AI, the first set of articles will be ...
A new species of spiny mouse, Neacomys marci, has been identified in northwestern Ecuador. The discovery sheds light on the previously underestimated diversity of the Spiny Mouse genus.
Biodiversity researchers can now incorporate nanopublications into their manuscripts to future-proof their assertions on biological taxa and organisms. The newly released nanopublication workflow enables authors to create machine-actionable, FAIR data that can be easily traced back to its origin.
A new species of orb-weaving spider, Venomius tomhardyi, has been described from Tasmania. The genus belongs to the Araneidae family and is distinct from related genera due to its unique behavior and genitalia.
A new editorial paper explores the effectiveness of the third dose booster vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in immunocompromised individuals. Researchers found that while the vaccine improves vaccine effectiveness across various measures, its benefits are not as significant for patients with cancer.
A new how-to guide for building big team science projects helps researchers manage collaborative efforts by identifying consensus buy-in, sharing data and collaborating on writing. The guide outlines best practices and overcoming challenges in governance, authorship, and credit management.
Researchers have generated nearly deterministic OAM-based entangled states using QDs, enabling hybrid entanglement states in high-dimensional Hilbert spaces. This breakthrough offers a bridge between photonic technologies for quantum advancements.
Researchers developed a photoelectrochemical technique to precisely tune the lasing wavelength of microdisk lasers with subnanometric accuracy. The new approach facilitates the fabrication of micro- and nano-laser batches with precise emission wavelengths.
Researchers at Shanghai Jiao Tong University have developed a new scattering matrix method that can sculpt light output with minimal optimization time. The method offers unparalleled nonlinear scattered light control, enabling high-resolution scanning microscopy and particle trapping through dense, scattering media.
Rapid Reviews Infectious Diseases will extend the successful preprint review model of Rapid Reviews COVID-19 to new research on infectious diseases like monkeypox, dengue fever, or herpes. The journal aims to accelerate the validation and diffusion of robust scientific findings through rapid peer review.
A new study reveals widespread racial inequities in government-subsidized housing, with Latino and Black renters paying more for lower-quality units. White subsidized renters receive better units and lower costs, often due to age-based factors.
Researchers Elzbieta Izbicka and Robert T. Streeper discuss the evolution of cancer drug development, highlighting recent progress and emerging challenges due to environmental factors. They also examine how artificial intelligence may impact future drug development.
The invasive orange pore fungus has won the third BMC Ecology and Evolution image competition, highlighting its potential threats to Australian ecosystems. The winning image depicts bright orange fruiting bodies growing on deadwood in the Australian rainforest.
Researchers have identified a new species of leaf-tailed gecko from northern Madagascar, showcasing its exceptional camouflage skills. The discovery has shed light on the unique characteristics of this species, including its skin flaps and flattened tail.
Researchers have developed a new measurement technique that uses the Kramers-Kronig relation to untangle complex helical light patterns from camera intensity measurements. This allows for single-shot retrieval of orbital angular momentum spectrum information, accelerating and simplifying the process compared to conventional on-axis int...
The DRYRivERS app is a unique open-source project that enables citizen scientists to contribute to the study of flow intermittence in rivers. By logging observations on waterways around the world, users are helping to provide precious information to river managers and advance the science and management of intermittent rivers.
A new editorial explores the potential of machine learning to enhance early cancer detection in primary care, leveraging extensive patient data and improving risk stratification accuracy. The authors emphasize the need for responsible implementation, collaboration, and validation across diverse populations.
A recent analysis of published and unpublished studies found that Functional Family Therapy is not consistently more or less effective than other treatments, including individual, family, and group interventions. The available evidence also raises concerns about the quality of the therapy's evidence base.
Researchers have made groundbreaking progress in confining light to subnanometer scales using a novel waveguiding scheme. The approach generates an astonishingly efficient and confined optical field with applications in light-matter interactions, super-resolution nanoscopy, and ultrasensitive detection.
The American Phytopathological Society has published a focus issue on critical biosecurity gaps in US plant disease diagnostics, highlighting the need for harmonized diagnostics within the agricultural biosecurity system. The focus issue addresses assay validation methods, including high-throughput screening and PCR/RPA techniques.
The American College of Chest Physicians has launched CHEST Pulmonary, a new online publication dedicated to pulmonary and sleep medicine. The journal features original research, case series, and reviews on various topics, including implementation science and artificial intelligence applications.
A recent study found that GPT-3 can generate accurate information, but also produces highly persuasive disinformation. Participants struggled to distinguish between tweets created by the AI model and those written by real users.
The June issue of CHEST features 49 articles on clinically relevant topics, including asthma, COPD, and critical care. The journal offers web and multimedia resources to expand the reach of its research.
A retrospective study found a 24% response rate to Docetaxel among patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer who experienced progression on immunotherapy. The median progression-free survival was 3 months, suggesting chemotherapy may still play an important role in treatment after immunotherapy failure.
A new study found that most adults with Type 2 diabetes in Alabama Medicaid did not receive follow-up healthcare within the recommended two-week period after a heart failure hospitalization. African American and Hispanic adults were particularly affected, with worse follow-up care compared to white adults.
A retrospective case-matched study found prism adaptation therapy (PAT) to be beneficial for treating both right- and left-sided spatial neglect. PAT showed improvements in neglect symptoms for patients with right-sided neglect, suggesting greater potential benefits compared to those with left-sided neglect.
A new study by Anglia Ruskin University found that people with sight loss in the UK are confused by a 'disjointed' certification system, creating barriers to accessing support and benefits. The research highlights inconsistencies in the process, long waiting lists, and lack of clarity around entitlements.
Researchers found that formalin fixation does not significantly alter the polarimetric properties of brain tissue, making it suitable for training machine-learning models. The study suggests that formalin-fixed brain tissue specimens can provide high-quality data for rapid and accurate diagnostic imaging in surgery.
Researchers at the University of Washington have developed a multifunctional interface between photonic integrated circuits and free space, allowing for simultaneous manipulation of multiple light beams. The device operates with high accuracy and reliability, enabling applications in quantum computing, sensing, imaging, energy, and more.
The February 2023 Türkiye earthquakes were a devastating doublet, with two large aftershocks occurring within nine hours of each other. The first mainshock ruptured the East Anatolian Fault (EAF) bilaterally over 350 kilometers, creating surface fault offsets of more than six meters.
Three Amazonian Morpho butterfly species have been sequenced for the first time, revealing genetic differences that maintain reproductive isolation despite sympatry. The study found Z-chromosome rearrangements and genetic divergence among gene copies, suggesting a role in speciation.
A new source-device-independent quantum random number generator (QRNG) protocol has been developed, operating securely and independently of source devices. This allows for practical applications in secure quantum information tasks, with a reported generation rate of 4 megabits per second.
Global experts have developed a new checklist called iCHECK-DH to standardize the quality of reporting and improve implementation standards for digital health technologies. The 20-item checklist aims to aid researchers and practitioners in ensuring complete, accurate, and consistent reports.
A new UH study reveals that third-grade girls are initially enthusiastic about coding and computer science, with equal interest and confidence as boys. However, by middle school age, negative stereotypes and a decrease in confidence among girls become prevalent, limiting their participation in these fields.
A recent study found that online art breaks can significantly improve mood and reduce anxiety in participants. The research team discovered that individuals with high levels of aesthetic responsiveness benefit more from interactive art experiences, suggesting a personalized approach to online art interventions for well-being.
Researchers developed a calculator to identify patients with multiple myeloma and primary systemic amyloidosis who have a more benign profile, allowing for personalized treatment. The tool predicts survival based on clinical-biological characteristics and has been validated in international series.
bioRxiv has partnered with PaperPlayer to offer audio versions of preprint abstracts in the Neuroscience category, enhancing accessibility and providing an alternative way to consume research. The new feature is being piloted to assess its value and collect user feedback.
Researchers from HKUST and CityU developed a metasurface to generate time-varying OAM beams with a time-dependent phase profile. This allows for a higher-order twist in the envelope wavefront structure, increasing capacity for applications such as dynamic particle trapping and information encryption.
Researchers develop a new technique to measure blood attenuation using a fluorophore-coated guidewire, improving the accuracy of near-infrared fluorescence in cardiovascular imaging. The method provides accurate information on vessel walls and outperforms existing correction methods.
A new study found that a handful of key Twitter influencers effectively countered vaccine misinformation and promoted accurate information about vaccines. Social media influencers can use their social capital to challenge the spread of conspiracy theories.