Researchers identified recent advancements in bioinformatics foundation models, enhancing understanding of molecular landscapes and providing practical foundations for innovation in molecular biology. The models are versatile and essential tools for various downstream tasks, including genomics and drug discovery.
Researchers from University of Vaasa and Kent Business School explore how innovation can drive economic change and solve global problems. The book offers fresh perspectives on innovation policy, its current status, and future directions.
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a new method using underwater microphones and machine learning to estimate the population of North Atlantic right whales. The study demonstrates how this method can aid in the conservation of these critically endangered species by providing real-time monitoring capabilities. By analyzing...
This special issue of Forensic Sciences Research explores the latest advancements in forensic document examination, including handwriting analysis, ink stain characterization, and collaboration between forensic and criminal intelligence. The contributions showcase a global snapshot of expertise from North America, South America, Europe...
The European Union has selected Kiel, Brest and Split as the new ambassadors for science in 2026, with a focus on promoting innovation and research. The cities will receive 6 million euros in funding to organize various events and activities aimed at strengthening trust in research and making scientific discoveries accessible to citizens.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered a fundamental mechanism linking breathing to pupil size, which affects vision. The study shows that the pupil is smallest during inhalation and largest during exhalation, impacting visual perception.
A new PET tracer has been developed to visualize intact nerve connections in the spinal cord, which may indicate a better chance of recovery. This breakthrough has the potential to help diagnose injuries more precisely, monitor recovery, and evaluate the effectiveness of new therapies.
A research team at POSTECH developed a synthesis method that precisely controls the size and shape of perovskite nanocrystals using liquid crystalline antisolvents. The method produces uniformly sized particles without additional purification processes, accelerating commercialization of optoelectronic devices.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen developed an AI model that can analyze thousands of vocalizations from animals to detect emotional states. The study identified key acoustic indicators, such as changes in duration and energy distribution, which are evolutionarily conserved across species.
This study identified PIBP4, a PRA protein, as a crucial component of the PigmR-mediated immune signaling pathway in rice. The absence of PIBP4 and its interacting partner OsRab5a compromised blast resistance by disrupting PigmR's microdomain localization.
A two-month intervention targeting ultra-processed foods resulted in a significant reduction of UPF intake, with participants consuming almost half the amount initially. Participants also experienced weight loss, improved mood, and reduced sugar, saturated fat, and sodium consumption.
Three University of Houston professors, Birol Dindoruk, Megan Robertson, and Francisco Robles Hernandez, have been named Senior Members of the National Academy of Inventors. The recognition highlights their dedication to innovation and research excellence.
Professor Dan Zahavi's research highlights the importance of subjective endorsement in communal experience, arguing that being part of a we requires an experiential anchoring. He also emphasizes the intrinsic subjectivity of human experiences and the need to recognize both individual and collective aspects of self.
A new study reveals that GPT models perform well on some analogy tasks but struggle with variations, highlighting key weaknesses in AI's reasoning capabilities. Analogical reasoning is a crucial aspect of human cognition and decision-making, yet AI models often rely on superficial patterns rather than deep comprehension.
Researchers investigated radiation-induced cardiomyopathy management strategies to mitigate cardiac damage. The review discusses pathophysiology, clinical implications, and treatment options, including antioxidant medications and herbal supplements.
A new study reveals that vast areas are allocated to golf courses, exceeding the land required for current installed capacity of solar and wind facilities. This highlights the need to rethink land use priorities and consider alternative uses for underutilized land.
Thermal stress is the key factor in degrading metal-halide perovskites used in solar cells. Researchers propose increasing crystalline quality and using buffer layers to improve stability.
Researchers identified 19 metabolites and found that levels of certain compounds correlated with increased blood pressure, worse obstetric outcomes, and poorer end-organ function. The study expands scientific knowledge of preeclampsia and its mechanisms, paving the way for future therapeutic strategies.
A cohort study found that patients with obesity undergoing joint replacement who experienced significant weight loss after initiating anti-obesity medications had a lower risk of 5-year and 10-year revision. This suggests that safe and sustainable weight loss may improve implant survivorship in obese patients.
The increasing extraction of sand across the world is causing significant harm to marine ecosystems, leading to coastal erosion, habitat destruction, and the spread of invasive species. Integrating sand mining into broader environmental policies is crucial to mitigating its impacts.
Researchers analyzed seven severed skulls of men from Puig Castellar and Ullastret sites, revealing different mobility patterns and localisation trends. The study suggests that the nailed heads ritual was not a uniform practice across Iberian communities, but rather varied between settlements.
Researchers estimate that enhanced geothermal systems could make up a far greater share of humanity's energy needs, providing stability to a decarbonized power grid. By 2045, California could reach 40 gigawatts of geothermal capacity, replacing fossil fuels for baseload power.
Researchers found that scented wax melts can release airborne nanoparticle-forming compounds, posing inhalation risks. The study suggests these alternatives may not be safer than traditional candles after all.
A study by Syracuse University researchers found that optimism promotes healthier behaviors and better psychological well-being in the face of stressors like the pandemic. Individuals with higher optimism levels engaged in more physical activity, perceived greater social support, and were less stressed and lonely.
A retrospective study found that only one-quarter of patients diagnosed with advanced cancer received palliative care in the last six months of life. The study also showed that 45% of decedents experienced potentially aggressive care, highlighting the need for interventions to improve quality of care.
Researchers at Stockholm University have developed a fully biobased hair conditioner using lignin gel emulsions, reducing the need for synthetic surfactants and complex stabilizers. The product demonstrates comparable performance to commercial hair conditioners, offering a sustainable alternative for environmentally conscious consumers.
A new method combining peridynamics and deep learning improves land subsidence modeling accuracy, offering a more effective way to simulate complex geological structures. The study's results are significant for urban planning, disaster prevention, and mitigation in areas prone to land subsidence.
A new review highlights the shortcomings of existing methods for assessing socioeconomic status in TB studies, calling for more accurate and comprehensive measures. Adopting tools like the global multidimensional poverty index could lead to targeted interventions and stronger policy recommendations.
The Council of Nicaea formulated a fundamental creed that unites Christian denominations today. Key historical research on the council's political and theological significance will be presented in an interdisciplinary conference focused on its ongoing impact.
A new study reveals Arabia's rainfall was significantly more extreme in the past, with the region once resembling a vegetated savannah. The findings underscore the critical need for enhanced climate resilience and disaster preparedness to address the growing threat of extreme weather events.
A novel mixed-ligand strategy creates ultrahigh surface area, chemically stable chiral MOFs ideal for practical applications in asymmetric catalysis. The frameworks demonstrate record-breaking surface areas and exceptional structural features, making them suitable as heterogeneous catalysts.
A study of 33,744 Medicare decedents found that 45% received potentially aggressive care in the last days of life, while only 25% received advanced care planning and palliative care. Despite efforts to raise awareness about the harms of aggressive treatment, access to supportive care varies among demographic groups.
A study of over 3,600 adolescents found that spending more than 3 hours a day engaged in sedentary behaviors increases the risk of psychological distress. In contrast, moderate screen exposure invested in educational activities was linked to less psychological distress.
A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis found a daily 1-hour increment in digital screen time was associated with a 21% higher odds of myopia. Researchers suggest that exposure to screens for less than 1 hour per day may be safe, but prolonged use increases the risk of nearsightedness.
Bettina Rockenbach takes over as President of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina, promising to continue the academy's science-based advisory work. She aims to provide anticipative advice on looming crises and reinforce her focus on interdisciplinary scientific endeavours.
A recent study found that Medicare decedents with advanced cancer often receive aggressive care at the end of life, despite a lack of support. The study highlights the need for improved quality of care and more comprehensive approaches to address this issue.
Researchers developed a frailty index using electronic health record data from over 500,000 patients, identifying those at high risk of adverse health outcomes. The tool classifies patients as robust, pre-frail, frail or very frail based on age-related health deficits.
A study of Viking skulls using CT scans reveals a range of diseases including sinus and ear infections, osteoarthritis, and dental diseases. The results provide greater understanding of the health and wellbeing of the Viking population.
YuraScanner harnesses LLMs to navigate web applications like humans do, identifying tasks and workflows. It detects previously unknown XSS vulnerabilities, surpassing existing scanners.
Australian scientists have identified the origin of the restoring force in elastic crystals, allowing for the design of new hybrid materials. The study found that energy is stored in molecular interactions under compressive and expansive strain, enabling the crystal to return to its original shape.
Researchers have developed microcomb technology to miniaturize optical atomic clock systems, offering significant benefits for navigation, autonomous vehicles, and geo-data monitoring. The new system uses integrated photonics to integrate optical components on tiny photonic chips, reducing size and weight.
Researchers at Institute of Science Tokyo have discovered a rubidium-containing material with exceptionally high conductivity, paving the way for solid oxide fuel cells. The material's superior performance is attributed to low activation energy, large free volume, and tetrahedral motion.
A new study reveals that downtown Houston skyscrapers designed to withstand hurricanes are actually more vulnerable to intense, localized wind forces called downbursts. The research found that these strong winds can cause significant damage to facade panels, cladding, and windows on lower floors.
Mechanochemistry enables efficient generation of organolithium compounds, solving traditional synthesis challenges with simplified, solvent-free method. The new protocol achieves high conversion rates and reduces handling risks for technicians with limited experience.
A clinical research team from HKUMed discovered a novel gene DDX39B linked to a rare neurodevelopmental syndrome, causing developmental delay and hypotonia. The study used multi-omics analysis and identified six patients worldwide with variations in the gene, providing crucial information for targeted diagnostic and treatment plans.
Researchers discover that the gene HMGA1 'opens' regions of the genome to activate stem cell genes, leading to tumor development and progression. High levels of HMGA1 also allow mutant tumor cells to escape detection by immune cells.
The hybrid operating room enables the entire procedure to be performed in a single step, allowing for more precise positioning of the thoracic endoprosthesis. This approach requires collaboration between thoracic surgeons and vascular surgeons.
Research in Beijing reveals that differences in wind fields and thermodynamic conditions hinder or enhance thunderstorm cluster movement, with cold pools acting like topographical features to strengthen convergence. The study analyzed a specific merger process using simulation data from the Weather Research and Forecasting Model.
Researchers developed a quantitative evaluation method for energy resilience in disasters by simulating power outage scenarios in buildings with solar power generators and storage batteries. The study found that energy resilience is highest when the power outage coincides with daylight hours.
Researchers have created a new imaging technique that uses the nanostructures found on butterfly wings to analyze cancerous tissues, providing a simpler and more accessible tool for cancer diagnosis. The method has shown comparable results to conventional staining methods and advanced imaging techniques, offering a stain-free alternative.
Researchers created robotic materials that can change shape, support heavy loads, and self-heal by enabling dynamic inter-unit forces and biochemical signaling. The system can be scaled to thousands of units, enabling the development of robust and adaptable robotic materials.
The study investigates how the brain perceives pain and finds that the Surprise Hypothesis better explains the mechanism. Participants in the experiment reported stronger pain when they were surprised by painful stimuli, confirming the importance of reducing the gap between expected and unexpected events.
A study found that patients with diabetes who recognize ophthalmology consultation recommendations are twice as likely to undergo a fundus examination. Individuals who recognized the recommendation were also more likely to understand the recommended frequency of ophthalmology visits.
The CLAP platform combines active and passive microwave signals to simulate soil moisture and vegetation conditions, improving land monitoring precision. It accurately reflects dynamic changes in vegetation and soil properties, addressing key limitations in existing technologies.
The study uses PCArs to analyze brain neuronal activity in various situations, revealing that different brain regions exhibit distinct geometric figures during object recognition and memory tasks. The findings suggest that the brain processes visual information in real-time and changes its activity pattern from moment to moment.
Researchers evaluated three SIF retrieval algorithms to improve diurnal patterns of vegetation photosynthesis. The Band Shape Fitting (BSF) algorithm demonstrated superior performance in capturing diurnal variations, correlating with R² 0.85 and accurately monitoring vegetation ecosystems.
Research by the University of East Anglia found that exposure to workplace bullying can lead to increased symptoms of insomnia in both individuals and their partners. The study also highlights the 'contagious' nature of sleep issues between partners, where one person's sleep problems can influence the other.
Researchers have created a detailed map of the forces acting inside a proton, simulating how the strong force varies across different regions. This breakthrough reveals massive forces of up to half a million Newtons, equivalent to 10 elephants, at minuscule scales.
A new study reveals that UK peatland fires are responsible for up to 90% of annual fire-driven carbon emissions, with emissions set to rise by at least 60% if the planet warms by 2°C. Researchers found that rewetting peatlands can help reduce carbon emissions and mitigate climate change.
Sylvester's Firefighter Cancer Initiative reduces cancer risk among firefighters and community members by addressing electric vehicle fires. A new gene-editing study aims to treat mitochondrial diseases, while a program connects patients with pathologists to improve understanding of complex results.