Articles tagged with Dementia
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A study found that individuals with dementia have a significantly higher rate of hospital admissions compared to those without dementia. The majority of these admissions were for ambulatory care-sensitive conditions, which can be prevented with proactive outpatient care.
A new study published in The Lancet shows that memantine is ineffective for patients with Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome aged 40 years and older. The drug was tested on 88 patients with or without dementia, but showed no significant improvement in cognition and function compared to a placebo group.
A new review of imaging studies confirms that positron emission tomography (PET) safely and accurately detects dementia, including the most common form among the elderly, Alzheimer's disease. The study found that combining PET with a biomarker called 18F-FDG can pinpoint key areas of metabolic decline in the brain indicating dementia.
Researchers found that high-contrast bingo cards enhance thinking and playing skills for individuals with cognitive difficulties and visual perception problems caused by dementia. Boosting contrast also enables people with dementia to move safely around their homes and improve eating habits.
Research suggests that cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers can identify individuals at high risk for Alzheimer's disease up to 5-10 years before symptoms appear. Studies found reduced Aβ42 and elevated T-tau and P-tau levels in patients with mild cognitive impairment who later developed Alzheimer's.
Researchers found a potential new risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer's disease in women, linking the hormone adiponectin to an increased risk. Elevated levels of adiponectin were associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia and AD in women, contrary to its expected anti-inflammatory properties.
A nationwide study found demographic and clinical factors associated with Parkinson's disease survival. Dementia was diagnosed in 69.6% of the study population, particularly among black patients, and significantly increased mortality risk. Environmental exposures also seemed to influence survival rates.
Researchers detect hippocampal atrophy in Parkinson's patients with cognitive impairment, leading to early cognitive decline. A newly developed structural pattern identifies diffuse gray and white matter atrophy associated with dementia in Parkinson's disease.
Researchers developed a method to detect cognitive decline in Parkinson's patients using MRI brain scans, revealing higher Alzheimer's patterns of atrophy predict worsening cognition. The study found an overlap between the two neurodegenerative diseases, raising hopes for early diagnosis and treatment.
A recent study by Kaiser Permanente researchers found that depression in patients with type 2 diabetes doubles the risk of developing dementia. The study analyzed data from over 20,000 adults with diabetes and found that patients with both conditions had a higher risk of cognitive decline.
Researchers found that a year-long Maks therapy, combining motor stimulation, cognitive exercises, and daily living activities, halted the progression of dementia in patients. This therapy showed similar results to cholinesterase inhibitors, but with twice as much effect on daily living tasks.
Researchers have discovered a new marker that can accurately diagnose Alzheimer's disease versus frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), two types of dementia sharing similar symptoms. The PIB PET scan outperformed the FDG scan in differentiating between the two conditions, with higher sensitivity and accuracy.
A new study published in Journal of Molecular Neuroscience emphasizes the significance of identifying 'overlap syndrome' between ALS and FTD, which can impact patient survival. The research also explores clinical characteristics, diagnostic criteria, and screening strategies for this syndrome.
A new study finds that government scoring systems for nursing homes do not accurately evaluate the quality of care for residents with behavioral and psychological symptoms related to dementia. The study suggests that facilities with high numbers of cognitively impaired residents receive lower scores despite providing better care.
A new national plan aims to improve care for patients with delirium, a poorly understood condition that affects millions of Americans. The plan outlines four goals: improving clinical care, educating healthcare providers, investing in research, and developing a network of delirium professionals.
Dr. David Llewellyn has been awarded a two-year grant to investigate the link between low vitamin D levels and increased risk of dementia. His research aims to identify vitamin D as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for preventing and treating the disease.
Scientists studying drugs for dementia treatment also find promise in treating heart failure, driven by a common enzyme. Preliminary studies suggest that blocking this enzyme may help slow the progression of both conditions.
Research found that people with dementia who have a stroke are three times more likely to have greater disability at discharge and only 24% return to their previous home, compared to 57% of those without dementia. The study highlights the need for established guidelines on managing stroke patients with pre-existing dementia.
Researchers used a combination of MRI, cerebrospinal fluid, and neuropsychological testing to improve predictive accuracy for near-term dementia conversion. The test results were found to be almost perfect in predicting those who would not develop Alzheimer's disease in three years.
A recent study published in Neurology found that people who rate their health as poor or fair have a 70% higher risk of developing dementia compared to those who rate their health as good. The association is particularly strong for those without cognitive problems, where the risk is nearly twice as high.
Researchers found that 95% of people aged 65 have brain small vessel disease, while a quarter of healthy seniors have silent strokes. Regular exercise can delay onset of late life dementia, says Dr. Sandra Black.
A two-year study funded by ESRC explores how married couples make decisions, from daily routines to complex choices. The findings highlight the importance of supporting people with dementia in decision-making processes, considering their relationship dynamics and individual preferences.
A new study found that nearly 1 in 5 dementia patients experience burdensome transitions in the last 90 days of life, including repeated hospitalizations and relocations, which can be unnecessary and stressful for families.
A new study found that humor therapy reduces agitation in dementia patients by 20%, comparable to widely used antipsychotic drugs. This approach also improves happiness and positive behaviors, but effects are short-lived once the program ends.
A new genetic mutation has been discovered in the C9ORF72 gene, responsible for over a third of familial ALS cases. The repeated DNA sequence causes toxic RNA buildup, leading to motor neuron demise and disease progression.
Researchers found that a key signaling pathway, Wnt, plays an important role in the disease and may offer a potential treatment target. The study suggests increasing a specific receptor, FZD2, could promote brain-cell survival and alleviate symptoms.
A recent study by Mayo Clinic researchers has found a genetic abnormality that is the most common cause of two neurodegenerative diseases: frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The mutation, located in the C9ORF72 gene, was found in nearly 12% of familial FTD patients and over 22% of familial ALS patients.
A gene for Lou Gehrig's disease and frontotemporal dementia has been identified by researchers at the University of California - San Francisco. The mutated gene, C9ORF72, is associated with nearly 12% of familial cases and over 22% of sporadic cases of the diseases., Scientists have discovered a genetic mutation that triggers both Lou ...
A new human genetic mutation, C9ORF72 repeat expansion, is identified as the most common cause of ALS and frontotemporal dementia. This mutation explains at least a third of all familial cases in Europeans and nearly half of all cases in Finland.
A recent study published in Neurology found that people with diabetes are twice as likely to develop dementia as those with normal blood sugar levels. The study, which monitored over 1,000 participants for an average of 11 years, also found that controlling diabetes is crucial to prevent cognitive decline.
Researchers have found that taking common medications for dementia does not cause further cognitive decline in those already suffering from the condition. The study involved 224 participants with established Alzheimer's dementia and suggests that low doses of certain medications may be safe for people with dementia.
A study of two small group living care homes in the Netherlands found that residents felt at home, maintained their identity, and benefited from family involvement. The domestic environment and normal daily activities provided stability and clarity.
Researchers found aerobic exercise can preserve cognitive abilities and slow dementia progression. The study, published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings, suggests exercise should not be overlooked as a therapy against dementia.
Researchers found moderate drinkers were 23% less likely to develop cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease. Moderate drinking was more beneficial than beer or spirits, but the finding was based on a relatively small number of studies.
Elderly women with sleep apnea are twice as likely to develop dementia in five years, according to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Oxygen deprivation may be the key factor leading to diminished cognition.
A study found that older women with sleep-disordered breathing were more likely to develop cognitive impairment or dementia than those without. Measures of hypoxia, not sleep fragmentation or duration, were associated with an increased risk.
A new diagnostic test is being developed to pick up the presence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias much sooner than possible currently, allowing for more effective treatment. The research could mean patients will receive timely treatment that slows down devastating symptoms.
Atrial fibrillation increases dementia risk by 40-50% through weakening heart function and inflammation, study suggests. Researchers found a link between the condition and cognitive decline in older adults.
The studies focus on positron emission tomography (PET) to differentiate between types of dementia and identify pharmaceuticals to slow dementia progression. PET scores provide a valid biomarker for monitoring Alzheimer's disease progression.
A study found that caregivers and their relatives with mild to moderate dementia have differing perceptions of care quality. The team's results suggest that adult children underestimate the importance of core values held by their relatives, leading to potential miscommunication as dementia worsens.
A study found that high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, and obesity in middle age can lead to brain shrinkage and decreased cognitive function over time. The study involved 1,352 participants without dementia and found associations between these risk factors and white matter hyperintensities and executive function decline.
A survey of 538 family members found that hospice care significantly improved the provision of care and support for nursing home patients with dementia and their families. Family members of hospice recipients reported lower levels of unmet needs, pain management concerns, and emotional support needs.
Researchers have identified detectable changes in biological markers in the spinal fluid up to 20 years before dementia onset. Participants with inherited Alzheimer's mutations exhibit lower amyloid beta and higher tau protein levels in their cerebrospinal fluid, indicating potential for prevention trials.
A recent trial found that sertraline and mirtazapine, commonly prescribed antidepressants for dementia patients with depression, provide no benefit but increase side effects. The study suggests that clinicians should reframe their approach to treating depression in Alzheimer's disease, considering alternative treatments.
Researchers found that adult day care centers alleviate caregiver stress and improve dementia patient behavior, sleep quality. The study showed significant reductions in caregiver stress and behavioral problems when dementia patients attended daycare, compared to staying home.
A recent study suggests that keeping up with general health factors, such as denture fit, vision, and hearing, may reduce the risk of developing dementia. The study found that each health problem increased a person's odds of developing dementia by 3.2 percent compared to those without such problems.
Scientists have identified new proteins in human cerebrospinal fluid that may help diagnose Alzheimer's disease earlier and develop effective treatments, offering hope for patients and their families affected by the condition.
A new study by the University of Leicester found that GPs struggle to identify people in the early stages of dementia, resulting in both missed cases and misidentifications. The research analyzed 15,277 patients with cognitive disorders, identifying a significant number of false positives.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that the cancer drug SAHA increases cell-signalling protein progranulin levels in cultured mouse cells and restores near-normal production in human subjects with FTD. The study suggests SAHA may be a promising first-generation treatment for familial frontotemporal dementia.
A new intervention using cognitive activities is being tested to help patients with delirium superimposed on dementia. The study, funded by the National Institutes of Health, aims to improve physical function and resolution of delirium.
Survivors with pre-existing mental conditions, such as schizophrenia and dementia, are vulnerable to long-term harm after disasters. Disaster-response planners must prioritize their needs alongside those of physically injured individuals.
A new study published in Neurology suggests that more than half of people diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease before age 60 are initially misdiagnosed due to atypical symptoms. Researchers found that 53% of those with no memory problems were incorrectly diagnosed, highlighting the need for biomarkers to improve diagnosis and treatment.
According to a recent report, dementia and mild cognitive impairment are prevalent among 'oldest old' women, who are 85 years of age and older. The prevalence of these conditions increases with age, with the highest rates found in women over 90 years old.
A new survey finds that discussions surrounding feeding tube insertion are often inadequate, with 13.7% of family members stating medical providers inserted the tube without discussion first. Despite research questioning the value of feeding tubes, 32.9% of people in the survey reported improved quality of life for their loved ones.
A new study published in Neurology suggests that being overweight or obese during middle age may increase the risk of certain dementias. Researchers found that people who were overweight or obese at midlife had an 80% higher risk of developing dementia, Alzheimer's disease, or vascular dementia in late life.
A new oral hygiene approach called Managing Oral Hygiene Using Threat Reduction (MOUTh) has been developed to help nurses care for dementia patients who resist care due to perceived threats. The technique focuses on making the patient feel comfortable and reducing threat perception, resulting in improved oral health outcomes.
Retired NHL players will undergo comprehensive cognitive testing, brain scanning, and blood sampling to identify risk factors associated with cognitive decline and dementia. The study aims to better understand the aging brain in professional athletes and the general population.
Researchers found cotinine reduced Alzheimer's disease brain plaques and prevented memory loss in mice, showing promising results for a potential therapy. Cotinine also stimulated the survival of neurons and enhanced attention and memory.
The National Institute on Aging/Alzheimer's Association Diagnostic Guidelines for Alzheimer's Disease outline new approaches for clinicians and researchers. The guidelines cover the full spectrum of the disease, including preclinical stages, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia due to Alzheimer's pathology.
A UCSF study reveals a possible early sign of dementia: the inability to detect sarcasm and lies. Researchers mapped brain activity in older adults with neurodegenerative diseases and found associations between deteriorating brain regions and this ability. This finding could help diagnose dementia earlier, enabling timely intervention.