Articles tagged with Social Psychology
A study by Dr. Harrell found that young attractive female caretakers without rings lost sight of children 19% of the time, and young attractive males lost sight 25% of the time. The research suggests that an absence of emotional commitment to marriage or family may lead to neglect.
A recent USC study found that Chinese teens who perceive themselves as overweight, even if they are normal or underweight, are at a higher risk for depression and school-related stress. Girls in the study reported lower grade point averages when they felt overweight, while boys exhibited more aggressive behavior.
Researchers found that participants who were primed with thoughts of death were more likely to vote for John Kerry, while those who thought about their own mortality were more likely to support George W. Bush. The study suggests that mortality salience can influence political preference and worldview defense mechanisms.
Researchers found that the amygdala becomes increasingly hyperactive when patients look at threatening faces, correlating with social phobia symptoms. The study suggests functional magnetic resonance imaging could predict clinical symptom severity and monitor treatment effectiveness.
A new special journal issue examines the effects of cultural adversity on later life health, including the role of past economic hardships, education, race, and gender. The publication presents updated information on mortality rates among minority populations.
A recent study by UC Irvine and USC researchers found that gang injunctions can lead to positive short-term outcomes, including reduced intimidation and visibility of gangs. However, the findings suggest that lasting community changes require additional efforts, such as vocational training and resident involvement.
The piecework system, used in large textile factories, eliminates daily wages and overtime, leaving workers with extremely low pay and long working hours. Workers must constantly compete for work, fostering distrust and tension among them.
Researchers found that viewing past events from a third-person perspective can accentuate changes made, increasing motivation to pursue personal goals. This shift in perspective also influences behavior, with individuals who recall awkward social situations from a third-person view exhibiting improved social skills.
The 21st-century model of healthcare focuses on the family before and after genetic testing, clustering genomic disorders based on similar patterns of psychosocial demands. This approach incorporates key disease variables to inform effective treatment interventions.
Research found confusion between multi-disciplinary and multi-agency work, highlighting need for training in effective management of teams. The study also identified jargon use as a barrier to collaboration, affecting professionals' sense of identity and job satisfaction.
A Cornell University study found that terrorist warnings increased presidential approval ratings and support for Bush's handling of the economy. The study's findings are consistent with social identity theory and terror management theory, suggesting a 'halo effect' where threats increase in-group identification and nationalism.
A new study suggests that people who hold a strong belief in a just world are more likely to experience distress and have a desire for revenge when their worldview is challenged. The research, published in Psychological Science, also found that those most distressed by the challenge had the strongest feelings of revenge.
Researchers found that couples who have accurate pictures of their relationship, even if it's not ideal, tend to experience lower declines in marital satisfaction. In contrast, those with high expectations but poor relationship skills show steep declines in satisfaction over time. Lowering expectations may benefit couples with good rel...
A study of 201 patients with psoriasis found that women had higher medication adherence rates than men, while single people and unemployed individuals had lower rates. The researchers identified factors affecting compliance, including facial disease, extent of involvement, and self-image, which can lead to psychological disturbance.
A study by UCSD psychologists found that when people pick a dog, they seek one that resembles them, and purebred dogs are more likely to match their owners. The researchers used randomized photo matching techniques to confirm the high incidence of resemblance between owners and purebreds, but not mixed-breeds.
A study found that adults with a lack of parental support during childhood are more likely to experience depressive symptoms and chronic health conditions in adulthood. Early life parental support shapes people's sense of personal control, self-esteem, and family relationships, which affects adult health.
A recent survey of Illinois alumni with spinal cord injuries or disease found that 79% with paraplegia and 70% with quadriplegia were employed. The study's findings suggest that the university's Division of Rehabilitation-Education Services is successful in preparing students for employment.
A meta-analysis of 127 studies found that a single cognitive ability test, the Miller Analogies Test, can predict performance in both academic and work environments. The researchers found strong validity for the test across various measures of graduate student performance, job performance, potential, and creativity.
A study published in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology found that creative individuals have low levels of latent inhibition, a process that filters out irrelevant information. This allows them to remain open to new possibilities, potentially leading to original thinking and creative accomplishment.
Smokers who struggle with social anxiety and depression may benefit from counseling and therapy to manage negative emotions. A tailored approach to quitting smoking for introverted and depressed individuals can boost confidence and increase success rates.
Researchers at NYU will evaluate effectiveness of educational and counseling interventions in helping breast cancer patients cope with diagnosis, treatment, and recovery. The proposed trial compares four groups receiving different approaches to education and counseling.
A study of 536 patients found that women reported poorer physical and psychological functioning after hospital treatment, with lower quality of life associated with feelings of loneliness. The absence of social support was a key factor in this difference, highlighting the importance of friendship and companionship for women's well-being
Research by Dale Rublee and colleagues suggests that treating patients with sepsis with antithrombin III improves quality of life but not survival chances. Patients treated with the drug show marked improvements in social and psychological functioning, highlighting a new focus needed in clinical research.
Dr. Robin Cohen developed the McGill Quality of Life (MQOL) Questionnaire to measure existential, physical, psychological, and social well-being in terminally ill patients. She emphasizes the importance of addressing cognition, emotion, and spiritual aspects of pain management.
A team of psychologists studied 1024 laughter episodes from young adults watching funny video clips. They found interesting sex differences in laugh types and pitches, with women producing more song-like laughs than men. Laughter is surprisingly high-pitched, with some laughs reaching frequencies of over 2,000 Hz.
A new study suggests that Asian Americans' higher anxiety scores on social phobia and anxiety tests may be a result of their culturally adaptive sensitivity in social situations. The researchers found that perceptions about norms were not related to the anxiety inventory scores among white Americans, but were related to those among Asi...
Two new meta-analytic studies involving thousands of children and college students show that anxiety has increased substantially since the 1950s. Anxiety is associated with low social connectedness and high environmental threat, including media coverage and increasing individualism.
A new study reveals that Americans are more likely to acknowledge feeling overwhelmed by life, with shifts in perceptions of mental health and coping mechanisms over the past four decades. The percentage of respondents reporting a 'nervous breakdown' increased from 19% in 1957 to 26% in 1996.
Researchers have identified key factors contributing to the gender difference in depressive symptoms, including lower mastery over life areas and chronic strain. Women are more likely to get caught in a cycle of despair and passivity due to these interactions.
Research finds that White students tend to provide more praise and less criticism when evaluating essays written by Black students, compared to when evaluating those written by White students. This 'positive feedback bias' can deprive minority students of intellectual challenges and may compound existing biases.