The University of Chicago will oversee the world's largest open computer, storage and networking system, TeraGrid, which aims to enhance access for scientific and engineering research. The $48 million grant will support the integration of new resources and science gateways to reach a wider user base.
Researchers have discovered a strain of the C. elegans nematode worm that can replicate animal viruses, allowing for a better understanding of how hosts control viral infections. The findings also reveal an antiviral response known as RNA silencing or RNA interference, which breaks down virus RNA.
A team of biologists has discovered that plumed feather structures involve the coordination of at least two genes that activate and inhibit barb growth. This finding provides the best experimental evidence for a classical theory of growth in complex biological structures.
Patients with heart failure and low hemoglobin levels are at increased risk of complications, including hospitalization and mortality. Studies show that treating anemia may reduce the risk of death by up to 22% in these patients.
A new NASA-funded study reveals that warmer air temperatures from greenhouse gas emissions may lead to an increase in sea ice volume in the Antarctic's Southern Ocean. This finding suggests a counterintuitive phenomenon where some of the melt in the Arctic is offset by increased sea ice volume in the Antarctic.
Researchers have discovered that the loss of the p63 gene accelerates aging in mice, leading to hair loss, reduced fitness and body weight, progressive curvature of the spine, and a shortened lifespan. This study suggests that p63 plays a fundamental role in maintaining health and preventing cancer.
A study by Yale University researchers found that delayed treatment for heart attacks treated outside regular hours leads to increased mortality rates. PCI therapy, which opens narrowed coronary arteries, is more effective when administered promptly, but delays result in reduced survival benefits.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have found that increasing fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in the liver can decrease blood sugar levels in mice. This process may also lead to weight loss by reducing food intake and increasing energy expenditure. The study's findings could potentially lead to new treatments for diabetes and obesity.
A study by the University of Manchester found that fewer people have real faith than passively 'belong' to a religion. Religious parents having more children may be a factor slowing the decline, as around one child in 12 opt for a denomination not mentioned by either parent.
Researchers analyzed gene expression patterns in blood samples from patients with Huntington's disease (HD) and asymptomatic carriers to identify potential biomarkers. The study found 12 genes with significantly altered expression levels, which rose to disease-associated levels as carriers approached symptom onset.
Researchers found that combining interferon with irinotecan boosts IRF5 protein levels in colon cancer cells, leading to increased cell death. The combination therapy may limit side effects and make it harder for cancer cells to build resistance.
Researchers found that low temperatures trigger a specific splicing mechanism in frq mRNA, excluding the l-FRQ translation initiation site and modulating circadian rhythmicity. This temperature-dependent inhibition of translation by uORFs effectively regulates FRQ levels and circadian rhythms.
Researchers found that gefitinib (Iressa) was significantly effective in treating lung cancer cells containing a mutant EGFR molecule, while cetuximab (Erbitux) had little effect. The study suggests that mutations in the targets of designer drugs critically influence their effectiveness.
Researchers found that breast cancer detected by mammography has a substantially better survival prognosis, even after adjusting for stage of disease and tumor characteristics. The study suggests that this is due to the detection of slower-growing tumors, which are more likely to be node-negative.
Researchers found that screen-detected breast cancers tend to have better prognoses than clinically detected ones, but may not lead to lower mortality. Meanwhile, patients on cetuximab therapy are at risk of hypomagnesemia and require magnesium supplementation. Additionally, men with Klinefelter syndrome may be more likely to develop c...
A large international study found that 6% of critically ill patients develop kidney failure, with 60% dying while hospitalized. Researchers also discovered that 86% of surviving patients do not require dialysis after discharge, providing a clue for treating acute renal failure.
Patients arriving at hospitals outside regular hours had significantly higher mortality rates compared to those arriving during daytime. Longer reperfusion treatment times were the primary cause of these differences, according to a recent study examining STEMI patients treated with fibrinolytic therapy or PCI.
Researchers found RhoC essential for tumor metastasis, but dispensable for embryonic development and tumor initiation. RhoC-deficient mice display reduced tumor metastasis, lower cell motility, and survival properties in secondary sites.
Researchers found that SH2-B regulates leptin sensitivity, energy balance, and body weight in mice, leading to obesity and metabolic syndrome. The study identifies SH2-B as a critical component in maintaining leptin sensitivity, potentially serving as a therapeutic target for treating obesity and type 2 diabetes
Researchers identify PLEKHA1 as a key gene associated with age-related macular degeneration (ARM), a leading cause of untreatable blindness in the elderly. The discovery may lead to the development of DNA tests to identify individuals at increased risk and new preventive strategies.
The president's statements provide interpretation of law language and announce constitutional limits on some provisions. This allows the administration to shape policy without passing new legislation, strengthening veto threats.
Research by sociologists Elaine Howard Ecklund and Jerry Park found that families are the primary determiner of individual religious beliefs among Non-Protestant second-generation Asian-Americans. This finding challenges traditional views on family and religious socialization in new immigrant groups.
Researchers at McGill University have identified a gene, NRAMP1, that controls the speed of tuberculosis development. The study found that variants of this gene affect the time frame between initial infection and disease progression.
The book provides a comprehensive understanding of the chemical and biological processes occurring in soil, essential for those studying or working in related fields. Readers will find chapters on various topics, including soil organic matter, macronutrients, and redox processes.
According to Irvine, no animals had to be euthanized due to lack of space after Hurricane Charley. She studied how human attitudes and myths influence emergency workers' approach to free-roaming animals during disasters.
A study by Ohio State University found that young adult women whose mothers reported cohabitation were 57% more likely to report cohabitation themselves. Daughters of cohabiting mothers also tended to cohabit at earlier ages than others, according to researchers.
A study examining global prevalence of kidney failure among critically ill patients found that septic shock was the most common contributing factor (47.5%). The overall hospital death rate was 60.3%, with dialysis dependence at discharge being 13.8% for survivors.
Researchers discovered that SH2-B, a protein increasing leptin sensitivity, maintains normal energy metabolism and body weight in mice. The absence of SH2-B impairs leptin signal transduction, leading to severe obesity.
Researchers at Ames Laboratory developed a method called dynamic multiple equilibrium gradients (DMEG) that enables hyperselective separation and concentration of specific analytes. This advancement allows for the detection of smallest substance traces, including estrogen-derived conjugates and DNA adducts in human fluid samples, poten...
Researchers found that Sirt1 protein enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in mice, improving glucose tolerance. The study suggests therapeutic interventions for the prevention and treatment of diabetes.
A recent study by Mayo Clinic researchers found that patients with high levels of heparin antibodies during hemodialysis have higher rates of adverse outcomes. The study suggests that detecting these antibodies may help identify patients at risk for complications, leading to potential improvements in treatment.
Researchers at Purdue University have created a nanotech simulation tool that helps design molecular electronic devices. The tool simulates how current flows between silicon atoms and individual molecules, enabling the development of new technologies such as biochips and advanced sensors. By studying the interaction between molecules a...
Research reveals PTEN regulates VGF signaling, enhancing angiogenesis and accelerating tumor growth in mice. Individuals with mutated PTEN alleles are at risk for increased tumorigenic mutations and accelerated tumor growth due to enhanced angiogenesis.
A study of over 4,000 women found that taking high doses of acetaminophen and ibuprofen may increase the risk of developing high blood pressure. Women taking these painkillers were more likely to develop hypertension compared to those who didn't use them.
Astronomers have conducted the most detailed survey of the Milky Way's inner regions to date, revealing a long stellar bar spanning 27,000 light years. The bar is oriented at about a 45-degree angle relative to the galaxy's center, providing new insights into the galaxy's structure and evolution.
Researchers found that gefitinib was more effective at inhibiting cell growth and increasing apoptosis in NSCLC cells with mutant EGFR. In contrast, cetuximab showed no significant response in patients with EGFR mutations.
Since the introduction of the varicella vaccine, hospitalizations due to chicken pox have decreased by 88% and ambulatory visits by 59%, according to a recent study. These declines are observed across all age groups, with infants under 1 year experiencing the most significant reductions in hospitalizations.
Dr. Holford's research focuses on applying statistical methods to public health and medicine, analyzing disease trends and developing strategies for controlling cancer. He was recognized as a fellow of the ASA, one of only 0.33% of members elected each year.
A survey of parents found that nearly all who used the internet for information about their child's surgery also made medical decisions based on this information. Most parents reported finding the internet information understandable and helpful, with 67% citing it as an influence on treatment decisions.
University of California, Irvine researchers will evaluate alternative materials and recycling programs to reduce the environmental impact of e-waste, including cell phones. The interdisciplinary team aims to create a comprehensive model to protect public health and the environment from hazardous chemicals in electronic waste.
Climate change could increase crop yields and improve livestock farming in Scotland, but the impact depends on the extent of CAP reform. Regional variations in climate change effects were found, with lowland south-west Scotland likely to benefit most from increased farm income.
A new study by Christof Westenfelder's team found that stem cells improve kidney function and reduce tissue injury in acute renal failure. The benefits are primarily mediated by paracrine mechanisms, not differentiation, and are induced by the release of growth factors and cytokines.
A recent study found that diabetics who underwent ankle fracture surgery had significantly longer hospital stays and higher mortality rates compared to non-diabetic patients. The researchers estimated that diabetic patients experienced an additional day of hospitalization and costs approximately 20% higher.
Asymmetric cell division occurs perpendicular to the basal layer, resulting in one daughter cell naturally displaced out of the basal layer. This process controls skin differentiation and has implications for understanding skin diseases and cancer.
The National Science Foundation has awarded $36 million to support two new research centers focused on securing the nation's cyberspace and critical infrastructure. The Cyber Trust initiative aims to develop trustworthy computing systems, improve electronic voting systems, and create a secure cyberinfrastructure for the power grid.
A randomized controlled trial found that high-protection sunscreen did not influence the duration of sunbathing. In fact, the study discovered that people tend to self-regulate their sun protection with sunscreens by adapting the amount of sunscreen used based on its SPF level.
A study of 12 normal-weight individuals found that their eating behavior did not compensate for overeating, despite gaining weight. Instead, they maintained their usual eating patterns when returning to their normal environment.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center have successfully treated animals with muscular dystrophy using a miniature gene and new systemic approach, demonstrating significant improvements in muscle function and longevity. The treatment involves delivering a mini-agrin gene via adeno-associated virus vectors, restoring...
The NSF-funded ACCURATE center brings together experts to tackle the challenges of integrating technology into the voting process. Researchers will focus on building more reliable software and hardware, as well as exploring human factors and usability issues in e-voting systems.
A recent study found that certain drugs, such as sulfonylureas and acetaminophen, may counteract nitroglycerin's effects, increasing cardiovascular risk. The researchers discovered that a specific mitochondrial enzyme, aldehyde dehydrogenase, is crucial for nitroglycerin action.
A recent study found that about half of protected species are no longer declining in numbers. The research highlights the importance of considering agency administration and funding in evaluating the success of conservation efforts under the Endangered Species Act.
According to a JAMA Network study, US states with age restrictions on indoor tanning have higher compliance rates among minors. States like Illinois and Wisconsin saw significant reductions in noncompliance among 15-year-olds, whereas others like Texas had lower compliance rates.
A study of 372 community-dwelling older patients found that those receiving high-quality care had better survival rates than those without it. The research created a quality-of-care score based on 236 process-of-care measures, with survival improving steadily as the score increased.
Researchers have developed a paper battery that harnesses the power of urine to test for diseases, providing a cheap and efficient solution for healthcare diagnostics. The device can be integrated into biochip systems, enabling people to monitor their health at home without relying on external power sources.
Researchers used genetic data and computer simulations to reveal that moon jellyfish migration post-dates European global shipping and trade. The study found that up to 23% of marine species in international harbors are non-indigenous, posing threats to ecosystems and causing billions of dollars in damage.
A study from Ohio State University's Comprehensive Cancer Center discovered a set of microRNAs that can distinguish between normal and cancerous breast tissue. The findings suggest that microRNA expression is correlated with breast cancer's hormone status, metastatic potential, and proliferative rate.
Study finds that repetitive tanning behavior may be linked to a kind of addiction, similar to alcoholism or drug dependency. Researchers identified UVL tanning dependence in 53% of beachgoers, suggesting why educational interventions have been unsuccessful.
The Johns Hopkins-led ACCURATE center will investigate electronic voting technology, public policy issues, and human behavior in the context of e-voting, seeking to improve the integrity and trustworthiness of the US electoral process. The center's research aims to develop technical standards for secure and accessible e-voting systems.
A recent study by Dr. Brian Adams found that 85% of NCAA soccer players and cross-country runners did not use sunscreen during practice, despite being at high risk for sun-related skin cancer. The American Cancer Society estimates that most cases of nonmelanoma skin cancer diagnosed yearly in the US are sun-related.
A study found that HPV16/18 vaccine effectiveness varies significantly across regions, with higher rates in Europe and North America compared to sub-Saharan Africa.