Researchers at Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have identified a protein called Hsp104 that dramatically reduces alpha-synuclein aggregation and dopaminergic degeneration in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. The study suggests that Hsp104 could be considered as a potential st...
Researchers discovered that Leishmania major parasites exploit the body's wound-healing response to sand fly bites, evading death and establishing long-term infection. Neutrophils play a critical role in the development of the disease, allowing parasites to survive inside them before escaping into macrophages.
A study published in the Journal of Small Business Management found that promoting a company's family aspect can enhance performance and provide competitive advantage. Family businesses influence customers' purchase decisions by reminding them of the personal connection behind the business.
The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine expert discusses organ donation after cardiac death, a controversial topic that raises ethical considerations. The
New studies examine the link between consumer behavior and emotional well-being, finding that value seekers are happiest, while non-spenders and experiencers are also more content. Additionally, researchers discovered that moderate-income gamblers, known as 'big fish,' are at high risk of financial and psychological trouble.
A new study found that combining two commonly used blood pressure medications, ACE inhibitors and ARBs, reduces urine protein levels more than taking either medication alone. However, it also causes more kidney damage and a higher risk of death among high-risk patients.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new method using single-walled carbon nanotubes as delivery vehicles for cancer chemotherapy drugs. They found that the nanotubes can deliver up to 10 times more medication into tumor cells than traditional formulations, reducing side effects and improving treatment outcomes.
A genetic trait linked to a 10-20 percent incidence in colorectal cancer patients significantly increases the risk of developing cancer to 50 percent if inherited, surpassing other known gene mutations.
The Marine Conservation Alliance will document its work on halibut and salmon excluder devices for trawl nets, as well as its marine debris cleanup efforts, at the American Fisheries Society Meeting in Ottawa. The MCA Foundation's cleanup work removed over 175 metric tons of plastic debris from Alaska shorelines last year.
A study published in JCI Journals suggests that a yeast protein called Hsp104 may hold the key to treating Parkinson's disease. The protein was found to inhibit alpha-synuclein aggregation, which is thought to contribute to PD pathology.
Researchers developed an analytical model to explain how aerosols influence cloud development and coverage. The study found that human-caused aerosols can increase or decrease cloud cover, depending on the region and time.
Researchers found Rheb overexpression is sufficient to induce low-grade prostate neoplasias and contributes to lymphoma formation. Targeted inhibition of Rheb shows promise in counteracting tumor progression in both cancers.
Researchers found that a subtle difference in gene activity is responsible for one in every 10 colon cancer cases. The study identified a specific gene, TGFBR1, which normally protects against cancer, and its abnormal expression increases the risk of colon cancer nearly nine times.
A study by University of Minnesota researcher Akshay Rao found that the timing and content of political messages affect voters, with abstract concepts gaining traction in distant future elections. As election dates approach, voters prioritize concrete details over broad ideas.
A new study reveals that even slight stress and anxiety can substantially worsen allergic reactions to routine allergens, leading to longer-lasting symptoms. The researchers found that the next day's reaction was often stronger and more severe, suggesting an ongoing response to the allergens.
A new study reveals carotid endarterectomy is an effective stroke-prevention procedure for high-risk patients with multiple medical conditions. Despite concerns about surgical risk, the procedure achieved low mortality and morbidity rates, as well as long-term freedom from stroke.
The American Chemical Society has inducted 25 scientists into its Heroes of Chemistry hall of fame, including Bruce Roth, inventor of Lipitor, the world's largest selling drug. The honorees are being recognized for their groundbreaking research and contributions to humanity.
A study by UC Davis researchers found that high school students in metropolitan China prioritize good relations with peers over parents for self-esteem. High school is a challenging period for Chinese adolescents due to intense academic pressures from parents.
A randomized controlled trial found that high-dose tirofiban improved ST-segment resolution and clinical outcomes for STEMI patients undergoing primary coronary angioplasty. The study showed lower overall mortality and less urgent repeat PCI in the tirofiban group.
A Duke University engineer and colleague have applied the constructal theory to explain how trees are designed for water flow and wind resistance. The resulting patterns and proportions match those of the Eiffel Tower, highlighting the interconnectedness of nature's flow systems.
Carnegie Mellon researchers digitize old books with reCAPTCHA, achieving industry-standard transcription accuracy. Over 100 million CAPTCHAs are solved daily, equivalent to hundreds of thousands of hours of human effort.
Research reveals teens' flawed attitudes towards trauma-related injuries, prioritizing fate over choice. Program participation improved risk perception, but knowledge decayed over time. Emotional connections with injured peers and reflection components played a crucial role in sustaining long-term changes.
Researchers from Michigan Technological University used meteorological balloons to measure temperature, composition and water content of volcanic gases. They detected sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and water vapor emissions with implications for remote sensing studies and neighboring residents.
The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics will present five awards for key contributions to space science and technology during the AIAA SPACE 2008 Conference & Exposition. Notable recipients include Elon Musk, Michael A'Hearn, and the TacSat-2 Spacecraft Team.
A study explores how daily stress affects blood pressure regulation and how genetics, obesity, and oxidative stress contribute to this process. The research aims to develop personalized treatments by identifying factors that make individuals respond differently to stress and therapy.
Researchers at UT Austin create fruit fly model to study Angelman syndrome genetics, revealing behavioral dysfunctions similar to human cases. The UBE3A protein's role in degradation is linked to disease symptoms, with mutant flies displaying circadian rhythm irregularities and memory impairments.
A study published in JAMA found that former child soldiers in Nepal are more likely to experience symptoms of depression and PTSD, with 53% meeting symptom cutoff scores for depression. The researchers suggest that the reintegration process may be a contributing factor to their mental health problems.
Studies link cocaine-evoked synaptic changes in dopamine (DA) neurons to long-term drug-seeking behavior, highlighting NMDA receptor signaling and glutamate receptor subunit composition. Findings support a role for NMDAR-dependent modulation of DA neurons in cue-induced relapse.
Experts warn of catastrophic ocean extinction unless drastic measures are taken to reverse the damage caused by human exploitation, pollution and climate change. The consequences include the collapse of edible species, toxic algal blooms and increased disease outbreaks.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a technology that uses live fish embryos to detect harmful chemicals in water, providing an early warning system for environmental contamination. The tool measures oxygen use in developing fish, revealing minute levels of toxic substances before they cause harm.
Scientists have discovered that infants develop increased sensitivity to negative emotional expressions at around 6 months old. This change allows them to focus more intensely on fearful faces and take longer to shift their attention away from these stimuli.
Researchers have developed irreversible electroporation (IRE), a minimally invasive technique that uses electric pulses to destroy cancer tissue without heat. The technology has shown promising results in laboratory testing and preclinical mouse models, with complete regression achieved in 92% of treated tumors.
Physicists from Rice and Rutgers universities have published a new theory explaining the complex electronic and magnetic properties of iron pnictides. The research suggests that pnictides exhibit magnetic frustration, which enhances magnetic quantum fluctuations and may be responsible for high-temperature superconductivity.
Scientists predict that rare Amazon tree species could suffer up to 50% extinction rates, while common tree species may survive. The Amazon basin contains about 40% of the world's remaining rainforest, with many rare species present.
Researchers from Michigan State University found that many low-cost over-the-counter hearing aids fail to meet basic fitting requirements and may damage a person's hearing. The study advises consumers to consult with an audiologist for proper fitting and customization.
A new study from the University of Adelaide found that young people from 10 countries have differing attitudes towards sharing housework and a woman's right to an abortion. Young women are more supportive of domestic democracy, while young men are more likely to want to have their say in abortion decisions.
NASA's Mars exploration program aims to analyze Martian samples using tools and instruments on Earth. The program provides a critical component of bringing samples back to Earth, enabling precise measurements and definitive life-detection assays.
A new study published in Personal Relationships found that fluctuations in relationship perceptions are significant to non-marital romantic relationships. Researchers discovered that low levels of perceived intimacy were associated with high levels of relational uncertainty and interference from a partner.
The International Association for Dental Research and American Association for Dental Research have partnered with SAGE to publish the Journal of Dental Research beginning in 2009. The journal will expand its reach through SAGE's marketing capabilities and consortia deals.
A functional link between new neuron production and antidepressant effectiveness has been discovered in an animal model. TrkB-mediated neural proliferation plays a crucial role in this mechanism, supporting the notion that impaired neurogenic niches contribute to refractory responses to antidepressive treatments.
Researchers at UNC School of Public Health studied over 750 Chinese men and women and found that those who used MSG in their food preparation had a higher prevalence of overweight, even when controlling for physical activity and calorie intake. The study suggests that MSG use may be associated with weight gain in humans.
Scientists have successfully detected changes in protein-water networks during protein folding using terahertz absorption spectroscopy. This technique allows for the observation of protein dynamics on a picosecond time scale, revealing new insights into the complex interactions between proteins and water molecules.
Researchers from Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research and Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research found that climate change may impact the distribution of European plant species. Under moderate climate change and limited land use changes, up to 11% of species could lose more than two-thirds of their current ranges.
The American Psychological Association's task force emphasizes the need for evidence-based practice in treating youth with mental health issues. The approach should be culturally responsive and accessible to all youths, regardless of socioeconomic status or background. The report highlights the benefits of using empirically tested trea...
Researchers found that adolescents who consumed 2 or more servings of dairy per day had higher levels of bone mineral content and density. Dairy was also shown to have a combined beneficial effect when paired with other protein sources, leading to increased bone mineral content over 300 grams.
Researchers discovered autoantibodies to a complementary protein called plasminogen, which plays a key role in blood clotting, in patients with ANCA vasculitis. The findings suggest that protein complementarity may offer new insights into autoimmune diseases.
Iowa State University is developing new technologies for producing and improving biofuels with support from Archer Daniels Midland Company (ADM) and ConocoPhillips. The projects focus on thermochemical technologies to convert biomass into bio-oil, catalysts for improving bio-oil production, and biorefinery studies.
Scientists have discovered that bumblebees choose whether to search for food according to how stocked their nests are. The team used RFID technology to track the activity of bees in the lab and found that colonies with low food reserves had a stronger response to pheromones, leading to more worker bees becoming active.
Computer scientists develop algorithm to accurately capture hairstyle shape and appearance using multiple cameras and light sources. The method enables photo-realistic images of hairstyles from any angle, creating realistic highlights and animations.
Scientists at Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University develop a new method to produce ethanol from syngas, a gas created by heating biomass under high pressure. This technology has the potential to expand the types of waste materials that can be converted into fuels.
Researchers at Yerkes National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center found that trapping white blood cells in lymph nodes can help mice fight chronic viral infections. FTY720, an experimental drug, prevents white blood cells from leaving lymph nodes, improving immune response against the virus.
Researchers found that deleting furin in helper T cells led to autoimmune disease in mice, highlighting the importance of regulatory and effector T cell balance. The study's findings have implications for developing drugs to increase immune response in diseases like cancer and HIV.
A new study using ecological niche modeling found that small mammals on mountaintops in the Great Basin are not as isolated as previously believed. The research used climate data to 'backcast' species distributions at the height of the last ice age, finding most species lived at lower elevations and had larger ranges.
Emerging genomic technologies are transforming the biofuels industry by enabling the domestication of energy crops and optimizing their conversion into suitable biofuels. Genomics also informs the design of microbial biomass breakdown strategies, including the use of fungi to degrade lignin and yeast to ferment xylose.
Researchers have discovered that broken sections of chromosomes can recombine to form new types of chromosomes, leading to genome diversification. This process is mediated by repeated DNA sequences, which account for half of the human genome.
Researchers found that the brain processes another person's face more efficiently when their gaze is straight ahead. This study, funded by the Academy of Finland, sheds light on emotional reactions to human faces and may aid in diagnosing mental disorders.
Indonesia has experienced the most human cases of bird flu and one of the highest mortality rates due to the disease. Development of better diagnostic methods and improved case management could lead to faster treatment with antiviral drugs, decreasing mortality.
Aerospace engineer Michael Philen has received the Oak Ridge Associated Universities Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Award to develop fluidic flexible matrix composites, which can change modulus on demand. These innovative materials have potential for both government and commercial applications.
A team of researchers has found that trapping white blood cells in the lymph nodes can help mice overcome a chronic viral infection. Experimental drug FTY720, also known as fingolimod, prevents white blood cells from responding to the virus by desensitizing them to sphingosine-1-phosphate.
Researchers discovered that eosinophils release mitochondrial DNA, binding it to toxic granule proteins to form a net that traps and kills bacteria. This mechanism is linked to improved survival rates and lower bacterial numbers in mice with widespread infections.