Researchers at Rockefeller University have identified a new regulator of the proteasome's activity, tankyrase, which uses ADP-ribosylation to modify PI31. This discovery has significant implications for treating multiple myeloma and other diseases, offering a potential therapeutic target.
A new University of Arizona study in the journal Science challenges two prevailing theories on how the ancient Maya civilization began, proposing that its origins are more complex than previously thought. The research suggests that both Ceibal and La Venta, two ancient Mayan sites in Guatemala, were part of a broader cultural shift occ...
Researchers observed 'striking' fickleness in male monkeys when copying the behaviour of others in new groups. The study provides rare experimental proof of cultural transmission in wild primates and sheds light on the evolution of human desire to seek out local knowledge.
A new study reveals that Parkinson's disease protein alpha-synuclein can harm cells in the same way viruses do. It breaks out of lysosomes and releases enzymes toxic to the cell.
Researchers have developed piezoelectric 'taxel' arrays that can convert mechanical motion into electronic controlling signals, enabling robots to perceive touch more accurately. The arrays use zinc oxide nanowires and can detect pressure changes as low as 10 kilopascals, comparable to human skin sensitivity.
The new journal Violence and Gender will explore the difficult issues that are vital to threat assessment and prevention of violent acts. It aims to better understand and address differences in violent behavior between men and women to prevent tragic events.
The Netherlands Institute of Ecology is launching a research project to study the impact of climate change on plant range shifts and ecosystem stability. The team aims to understand how plants interact with their 'ecological partners' in new ranges, and how this affects biodiversity.
Scientists confirm H7N9 transmission from birds to humans in China, with four confirmed cases and symptoms similar to H5N1 influenza. No evidence of person-to-person transmission, but genetic analysis suggests the virus may adapt for more efficient transmission.
Using the characterization by proxy method, Sarah Ballard infers the properties of small, cool stars like Kepler-61, which is too far away to be directly measured. This allows for a better understanding of planets orbiting these stars, including the recently discovered planet Kepler-61b.
Two CMEs sent by the sun are hurtling towards Mercury at speeds of approximately 500 miles per second. These solar phenomena may pose a risk to NASA's Messenger and STEREO-A spacecraft due to potential particle radiation effects.
Berkeley Lab researchers have developed a new set of metrics for analyzing data acquired via small angle scattering (SAS) experiments with X-rays or neutrons. The new metrics reduce the time required to collect data by up to 20 times, enabling accurate high-throughput and objective analyses of flexible molecular machines that control c...
Researchers from Scripps Research Institute and universities identified nearly 6,000 transcripts from sea slug genome, shedding light on RNA molecules transported to synapses. The new approach offers insights into localized translation and its role in maintaining long-term memories.
A study in rural Gambia shows that as people live longer and reproduce less, natural selection favors taller, thinner women. The researchers found that improvements in medical care led to changes in mortality and fertility rates, influencing the way natural selection acts on body size.
A study published by the American Sociological Association reveals that global attitudes towards domestic violence have changed significantly between 2003 and 2008, with Nigeria experiencing the largest shift. Attitudes among men were more likely to reject domestic violence than those of women in many countries, particularly in urban a...
Researchers have confirmed Einstein's theory of general relativity by observing a unique binary star system with a massive neutron star and a white dwarf. The study found that the system's gravitational waves match exactly what Einstein's theory predicts, providing strong evidence for the validity of the theory.
A newly-discovered pulsar and its white-dwarf companion have provided physicists with a unique opportunity to study the nature of gravity, with General Relativity predictions holding up well under extreme conditions. The system's unique characteristics make it an unprecedented test for alternative theories of gravity.
Scientists identify mitofusin 2 as key player linking mitochondrial quality control to Parkinson's disease and heart failure. The discovery may lead to new genetic forms of Parkinson's disease diagnosis and improved treatment options.
Researchers at EMBL discovered that each gene can be transcribed into dozens or hundreds of unique mRNA molecules with different boundaries, affecting gene function and protein production. This variation could equip cells to adapt to external challenges.
Scientists have identified a key gateway to the brain that is affected by alcohol, which could lead to the development of drugs that disrupt this interaction. The breakthrough was made using rare alpine bacteria, and the researchers plan to use mice to study the effects of altering this protein on behavior.
Researchers found sulfur-isotope signatures in oceanic lava flows indicating the material originated in Earth's Archean crust. The discovery supports the theory that most of the Archean crust was subducted or folded back into the mantle.
Researchers have uncovered a large radiation of previously overlooked Neotropical ants, with 40 species described, including those that nest in clay banks. These ants use 'door-pebbles' to block their entrances and maintain a protected environment for breeding and foraging.
Researchers analyzed 1,647 brain tissue samples to identify molecular networks disrupted in Alzheimer's disease, highlighting the crucial role of TYROBP in immune system dysfunction. This study provides a new framework for understanding Alzheimer's mechanisms and developing potential therapies.
The increasing cost of leukemia treatments in the US is leaving many patients under- or untreated due to unaffordable care. CML experts call for a long-term solution to manage treatment costs, balancing investments from various parties.
A Patient Centered Medical Home model is proposed to assess and promote health by incorporating social determinants of health into clinical guidelines. The model aims to reduce socioeconomic disparities in healthcare for all patients.
A team of researchers has identified a gene that can cause three distinct diseases: Fanconi anaemia, xeroderma pigmentosum, and progeria. The ERCC4 gene plays a crucial role in DNA repair mechanisms, highlighting the importance of understanding its function in preventing cancer.
A study published in the journal Neuron reveals that a gene called CD33 contributes to Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting immune cells' ability to remove toxic molecules. Inactivation of CD33 has been shown to enhance microglia's clearance of beta-amyloid plaques, potentially reversing the disease's progression.
A new grass hybrid, Festulolium, has been developed to reduce the impact of flooding by capturing more water in the soil. The hybrid grass shows potential for reducing flood generation while providing high-quality forage for food production under changing climate conditions.
A new study reveals that the ancient Maya civilization developed its unique culture and architecture through broad cultural exchanges across southern Mesoamerica. The researchers found that the plazas and pyramids at Ceibal, Guatemala, were built around 1,000 BCE, predating other comparable examples by roughly 200 years.
A*STAR and Veredus have developed VereTrop, the world's first biochip to diagnose multiple tropical infectious diseases from one blood sample. The portable test kit can rapidly detect diseases like dengue fever, malaria, and chikungunya with high accuracy.
Researchers found that live poultry markets were the primary source of the novel H7N9 influenza virus. The viruses originated from avian H9N2 viruses but acquired human receptor-binding specificity, contributing to their virulence and lethality in humans. Strong measures are recommended to prevent a possible pandemic.
Researchers identified key differences in gene expression between rock- and sand-dweller brains during development and used small molecules to manipulate developmental pathways. The study showed that competing molecular signals during brain development generate natural and adaptive differences in the telencephalon earlier than thought,...
A recent study published in Clinical Gerontologist found that older adults with high levels of depression and low social needs fulfillment are more likely to experience financial fraud. The study, which included 4,440 participants, revealed a 226% increase in fraud prevalence among the most psychologically vulnerable population.
Researchers found that condensation on canned beverages can increase the drink's temperature by six degrees Fahrenheit in just five minutes. This is more than twice as much as it would warm in dry heat conditions, highlighting the importance of keeping condensation from forming on the outside of cans.
Metabolic disorders like excess abdominal fat, high blood pressure, and low HDL cholesterol are found in children as young as 6-8 years old. These conditions accumulate over time, leading to mild artery wall stiffness and reduced arterial dilation.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a key marker to identify newborns at risk for autism: abnormal placental folds and cell growths called trophoblast inclusions. This breakthrough allows for earlier diagnosis and treatment, potentially improving outcomes.
Researchers at UC San Diego have developed novel statistical models to identify associations between DNA variants and diseases, leading to a more complete understanding of genetic underpinnings and potential breakthroughs in disease treatment and gene discovery.
The Mayo Clinic has created an institution-wide electronic warning system to identify patients at risk of premature death due to prolonged QT intervals. The system alerts physicians when a patient's ECG shows an abnormal heart rhythm, and has been shown to reduce mortality rates by nearly four times.
Scientists have made a breakthrough in understanding Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) by identifying a highly vulnerable site on the virus's protein. The discovery provides new insights into how neutralizing antibodies work, which could lead to the development of more effective vaccines for infant respiratory illnesses.
Researchers at UC San Diego found that rats adopt a new chemical code when exposed to large changes in day and night cycle, leading to anxiety and depression. The discovery opens up new ways to treat brain disorders like Parkinson's by switching neurotransmitters.
Researchers at Mount Sinai identified new targets for abnormal cell division, finding that blocking CDK7 can inhibit the activity of other critical enzymes CDK4 and CDK6. This discovery suggests turning off these enzymes may be an effective therapeutic target for preventing cancer cell proliferation.
A study by University of Maryland biologist Daphne Soares reveals that guppies jump up to eight times their body length at speeds of over four feet per second. The biologists hypothesize that this behavior allows guppies to disperse and reach all available habitat, minimizing competition and maintaining genetic variability.
The resistant starch content of potatoes can be altered significantly by cooking and serving methods. Baking and chilling increase the resistant starch content, while hot serving reduces it. The study provides valuable information for identifying high-resistant starch foods and improving preparation methods.
A study by UC Riverside researchers identifies the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as the site of action for miRNA-mediated gene silencing. The ER, a cellular organelle, plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression through translation inhibition.
The EVEX mission aims to better understand and predict electrical storms in Earth's upper atmosphere, which can interfere with satellite communication and global positioning signals. By launching two rockets through the equatorial ionosphere, scientists will gather data on electric fields and charged particles to develop a warning syst...
The $11 million investment will support large-scale applied and small-scale innovative projects to develop new tools and methodologies. These innovations aim to improve cancer treatments, response to infectious disease outbreaks, food production, and more.
A recent study found that climate change disrupts the seasonal timing of songbirds, but density-dependent processes are helping to mitigate this effect by allowing some birds to survive and reproduce despite earlier or later food availability. This temporary rescue is buying time for evolutionary adaptation.
Researchers identified a network of genes involved in inflammatory response driving Late Onset Alzheimer's Disease (LOAD), providing new understanding of key pathways and genes. The study suggests targeting the TREM2-TYROBP pathway as potential therapies for LOAD.
A new study published in The Journal of Pediatrics found that children who suffer from more severe concussion symptoms tend to have longer recovery times. Researchers analyzed data from 182 patients and identified the total score on the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale as a key predictor of prolonged recoveries.
Researchers discovered a protective CD33 gene variant that enhances the brain's immune system to clear away toxic A-beta protein, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. This finding raises the possibility of using CD33 inhibitors as a potential new approach to treating and preventing Alzheimer's.
The Democratic People's Republic of Korea has seen a significant rise in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases, with up to 15% of patients failing to respond to commonly used drugs. The National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, established in 2010, provides a rare example of international collaboration in the fight against TB.
Researchers from Technion-Israel Institute of Technology and University of Wisconsin-Madison discover the crystalline secrets of vaterite with the help of a needlelike spicule from a sea squirt. They found that vaterite is composed of two different crystal structures coexisting within a pseudo-single crystal.
Beta-blockers reduce portal hypertension, gastrointestinal permeability, and bacterial translocation in patients with cirrhosis. Non-invasive techniques like spleen stiffness predict clinical complications.
Researchers at Harvard University have discovered a hormone called betatrophin that increases insulin-secreting pancreatic beta cells by up to 30 times the normal rate. This could lead to a more natural regulation of insulin and reduced complications associated with diabetes.
Researchers from Sweden have successfully identified 12 substances in the breath of patients using a commercially available breath sampler. The study found high detectability for most drugs even 24 hours after intake, suggesting roadside breath testing as a promising alternative to blood and urine tests.
The Naval Postgraduate School has won the 2013 UPS George D. Smith Prize for its effective and innovative preparation of students to be good practitioners of operations research. The prize recognizes the school's strong link to the US Department of Defense and its focus on applying methods to solve problems facing the military.
The researchers used a new technique that can probe a sample with an intense X-ray beam and deduce its state within seconds. They determined the melting point of iron up to 4800 degrees Celsius and 2.2 million atmospheres pressure, leading to the estimated temperature at the center of the Earth's core.
Researchers at Wake Forest University have created a novel solution to the challenges of organic semiconductors. The high-performance organic semiconductor 'spray paint' developed by Oana Jurchescu can be applied to large areas without compromising electric conductivity.
Scientists have discovered a mechanism to reactivate the tumor suppressor p53 in metastatic melanoma cells, which were previously silenced by proteins iASPP and MDM2. Treatment with a combination of small molecules JNJ-7706621 and Nutlin-3 restored p53 function and suppressed tumor growth in mice.
A meta-analysis of 70 studies found that negative parenting, including abuse and neglect, increases the risk of childhood bullying. Positive parenting behaviors, such as warmth and communication, reduce the risk. Overprotection may make children more vulnerable to bullying by preventing them from learning conflict resolution skills.
Researchers found that infection with nematodes reduced body weight by up to 15% in obese mice and lowered fasting blood glucose levels. The study suggests a potential therapeutic effect of nematode infection on metabolic disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease and allergies.