Researchers at the University of Illinois developed a robot called TerraSentia to count corn plants with high accuracy. The robot uses a suite of sensors, algorithms, and deep learning to capture each plant from top to bottom, overcoming challenges such as varying inter-plant spacing.
Scientists encode information on a cylindrical elastic shell with stable dimples, enabling reprogrammable storage and erasure. The system could serve as the basis for small-scale mechanical memories.
A new study shows that combining machine learning and quantum chemistry can help chemical engineers at Rice University and Penn State find fundamental correlations in large amounts of data. This allows them to narrow down their search and design more efficient catalysts, which can translate into millions of dollars for companies.
A new study led by a University of Kansas researcher reveals that non-family adults in mentoring youth relationships can significantly reduce delinquency and destructive behavior. The study found that teachers or coaches at school had a positive impact on increasing matters and reducing danger, suggesting that making kids feel apprecia...
A novel, affibody-based pretargeted radionuclide therapy for HER2-expressing cancers demonstrated non-toxicity to the kidneys and improved survival in mice. The treatment delivered an absorbed dose to tumors that exceeded the dose to critical organs.
The koala's complete genome has been sequenced, offering unprecedented insights into its unique biology and potential health solutions. The research provides a springboard for conservation efforts and may lead to the discovery of new anti-microbial genes with human health applications.
A new study aims to analyze the content and potential harm posed by social media challenges, including a series of tasks that ends with suicide. Researchers will investigate the characteristics that contribute to their viral spread and develop ways to prevent these phenomenon in the future.
A collaborative study between six National Primate Research Centers found that 26% of female nonhuman primates infected with Zika virus experienced miscarriage or stillbirth despite few clinical signs of infection. The study suggests that Zika-associated pregnancy loss in humans may be more frequent than currently thought.
Researchers develop experimental drug NLY01 that slows Parkinson's disease progression in mice by blocking degradation of brain cells and protecting nerve cells. The drug, similar to diabetes treatments, may offer a new treatment option for the progressive disorder.
ER patients often want more than just a diagnosis; they seek reassurance, symptom management guidance, and navigation of the healthcare system. Research reveals that addressing these concrete needs can improve patient care outcomes.
Researchers found that over 80% of natural vegetation began growing in response to pre-rain green-up signals, with woodlands leading the way. The study challenges traditional assumptions about rainfall's role in African plant growth and highlights the need for further research into environmental cues driving this phenomenon.
A new study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that women with high blood pressure during pregnancy are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease risk factors, including high blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol. The risk factors emerged shortly after pregnancy and persisted for decades.
Pitt researchers create a network model to analyze the interconnectivity of US food, energy, and water resources. The study aims to identify 'virtual' resources consumed in production but not intended for direct use, and provide solutions to minimize environmental impact.
Women with well-controlled type 1 diabetes often give birth to babies that are large for their gestational age, despite excellent glycemic control throughout pregnancy. Continuous glucose monitoring revealed elevated fetal weight and abdominal circumference percentages.
A study of over 1,500 participants found that rising chronic inflammation in middle age was associated with brain damage and poor cognition. Researchers suggest reducing inflammation through lifestyle changes may help prevent or delay dementia.
Researchers found that isoxazoline drugs, commonly used to protect pets from fleas and ticks, can kill disease-carrying mosquitoes and sand flies. Administering these drugs to less than a third of the population in areas prone to seasonal outbreaks could prevent up to 97 percent of all cases of infection.
A new study found that doctors' predictions of medication-related harm (MRH) in older adults are not reliable. Despite clinical experience and confidence influencing accuracy, predictions were no more accurate than chance. New approaches to identify high-risk individuals are needed to mitigate serious consequences.
Research suggests that low-dose aspirin regimens could decrease amyloid plaque pathology in mice by stimulating lysosomes. Activating cellular waste removal mechanisms is a promising strategy for slowing disease progression.
Researchers successfully used CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing to restore normal levels of the AAT enzyme in mouse models of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. The approach showed promise for treating patients with this genetic disorder.
Researchers develop a two-part 'punch' to re-educate macrophages and enhance their capacity to eat tumor cells, leading to complete inhibition of tumor growth. The therapy, tested in melanoma and breast cancer preclinical models, shows promise as a complementary treatment option.
A new computer algorithm developed by Johns Hopkins researchers can predict when cancer cells will develop resistance to treatment. The Coordinate Gene Activity in Pattern Sets (CoGAPS) algorithm uses in vitro cell models and computational analysis to track molecular changes over time.
The US nuclear power sector is expected to vanish in the next few decades due to the aging of large light water reactors and competition from low-cost natural gas. Advanced reactor designs and small modular reactors may not play a significant role in US energy markets either.
Researchers sequenced the first fern genome, enabling insights into land plant evolution and cyanobacterial symbioses. The study revealed genes specific to Azolla's interaction with Nostoc, a cyanobiont, and an important insecticidal gene that provides protection against insect pests.
Research reveals epigenetic factors, including EZH2 protein, play a crucial role in melanoma formation. The loss of cilia in pigment cells activates carcinogenic signaling pathways, leading to aggressive melanoma.
Researchers examine thawing permafrost's effect on coastal waters, river-borne matter, and greenhouse gas emissions. The study aims to understand changes in the Arctic marine environment and its impact on global climate change.
Scientists at EPFL have developed a system that allows sound waves to travel across opaque materials without distortion. The tiny speakers can be controlled to amplify or attenuate the sound waves, offsetting the diffusion caused by obstacles and reproducing the original sound exactly on the other side. This technology has potential ap...
An observational study of 7065 Canadian workers found that working 45+ hours/week increases the risk of diabetes in women. In contrast, shorter working weeks of 30-40 hours were associated with a lower risk. The researchers suggest that chronic stress and hormonal abnormalities may contribute to this gender-specific difference.
Research identifies brain-only MTOR mutations as a key factor in causing cortical malformations, intellectual disability, and developmental delay in children. The study found that disrupted ciliary formation leads to cortical dyslamination, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms of FMCDs.
A therapist-based intervention significantly reduced dating violence perpetration and depression symptoms in teens. The study found a 47% lower rate of self-reported dating violence among participants who received the intervention compared to those without one.
Researchers at OIST Graduate University challenge cohesin's ring-shaped model by demonstrating that a mutation can't break down the complex, suggesting it may have a different structure. A new hold-and-release model proposes cohesin is like a jaw that holds chromatids in place and then opens to allow chromatin to move.
A research team has developed a new sketch-based editing framework called FaceShop that uses machine-learning techniques to enable users to edit their photos by 'sketching' a few strokes on top of them. The system allows untrained users to perform complex edits within minutes using an intuitive interface.
Researchers will investigate the role of sphingolipids in forming microparticles associated with increased risk of blood clotting after traumatic brain injury. The goal is to develop therapies to prevent and treat post-injury blood clots.
A preliminary study by North Carolina State University researchers found that prospective teachers are more likely to perceive Black faces as angry and judge the behavior of Black children as more hostile. This cultural disconnect may contribute to the disproportionate number of Black students facing disciplinary actions.
Scientists from Boston College create a new class of layered materials with tunable magnetic anisotropy by adjusting the spin-orbit coupling using mixed halide chemistry. This breakthrough enables the engineering of ultrathin magnetic devices with unprecedented control over magnetism.
A new study reveals how proteins with mixed electrical charges influence membrane crossing, shedding light on their multiple functions and disease mechanisms. The research focuses on Intrinsically Disordered Proteins, which can take on various shapes due to electric charge disorder.
Researchers found that ancient greenhouse gases were the main driver of climate change during the Eocene period, providing insight into long-term climate drivers. The study used climate models and proxy data to reconstruct temperature trends and found that polar amplification was caused by greenhouse gas forcing.
Researchers found that some brain networks become more densely connected during adolescence, while others become less so. These changes may underlie the refinement of cognitive abilities that develop during the teenage years.
Scientists successfully isolate and grow human follicles to 'biofunctionality' on a bioengineered ovarian scaffold made of decellularized tissue. The breakthrough uses early-stage follicles from patients with frozen ovarian tissue for fertility preservation.
Researchers found that hospital occupancy levels, particularly in the middle range, were associated with a lower risk of C. diff infections. When the hospital was between 25 percent and 75 percent full, the risk of infection was more than three times higher compared to less than 25 percent or more than 75 percent occupancy.
A team of researchers from CSIRO Australia has identified a new gene called C6 that regulates the body's immune response to infection and disease. The discovery could lead to targeted therapies for various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and inflammatory disorders.
Researchers found Mindfulness based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) significantly reduces tinnitus severity compared to relaxation-based treatments. MBCT teaches patients to 'allow' and 'accept' tinnitus, leading to a less intrusive experience.
Researchers developed a DNA sequencing kit that identifies variations in the NUDT15 gene, allowing for accurate predictions of adverse reactions. The test has been approved for clinical use in Japan and holds promise for reducing severe side effects in East Asian patients.
Researchers developed an accurate diagnostic score that uses two simple blood tests to identify patients in need of treatment against the deadly hepatitis B virus. The test was found to be as accurate as existing methods but at a fraction of the cost, making it accessible for sub-Saharan Africa's poorest regions.
A mathematical model developed by Sylvie Deuffic-Burban assesses the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of different screening strategies, including universal screening. The results show that universal screening is associated with better life expectancy adjusted for quality of life than other strategies.
A new study found that eighth-grade science teachers without an educational background in science are less likely to practice inquiry-oriented science instruction, a pedagogical approach developed by the National Research Council. This research suggests that U.S. middle-grades students may lag behind global peers in scientific literacy...
The discovery of 'active holes' in droplets of an ionic liquid has led to the creation of a new class of synthetic active matter. The phenomenon is driven by the dissolution of the droplet and the fluctuation of its boundary, resulting in self-propelled motion.
NIST researchers have simulated simple logic operations in a liquid medium by trapping ions in graphene, enabling potential applications in water filtration and sensor technology. The ion-trapping approach requires minimal material and can conform to custom shapes.
Researchers discover DNA methylation marker that influences PD-L1 expression on cancer cells, shedding light on why new therapies don't work for some patients. The findings suggest epigenetic therapies could be used in combination with immunotherapy to treat melanoma patients.
Researchers from North Carolina State University and Oregon State University have identified a genetic difference in zebrafish that is tied to differing responses to the same environmental chemical. The study found an association between the gene Sox7 and varying responses to abamectin, a commonly used antiparasitic.
The Spins and Heat in Nanoscale Electronic Systems (SHINES) center at UC Riverside has received an additional $1.9 million in funding from the Department of Energy to pursue fundamental advances in energy production, storage, and use. The new funding supports the completion of valuable research still in progress.
Researchers from NCBS developed a protocol to analyze odor samples from dung piles of male blackbuck. They found that males with high mating success have richer odors in meta-cresol. This discovery has implications for understanding chemical communication in this species and potentially informing conservation efforts.
Researchers report a higher incidence of PAH after cryolipolysis, with 15 events in 11 patients representing 0.72% of treatments, highlighting the need for caution and careful management when dealing with this complication.
A new coating developed by MIT researchers provides water-repellency to natural fabrics without the environmental harm of existing chemicals. The coating uses a shorter-chain polymer and initiated chemical vapor deposition process, resulting in high performance and durability.
Researchers at Tallinn University developed three serious games to teach engineering students about agile methodologies, programming, and the 5S methodology. The games aim to develop teamwork, problem-solving skills, and perseverance in players, with a focus on real-time feedback and control mechanisms.
Using catheter-based ablation instead of medications alone reduces the risks of death and stroke in AFib patients, according to a new study from UC Davis physicians. The study found that outcomes for patients treated with ablation were similar to those not treated with it within 30 days, but showed benefits beyond 30 days.
A survey of 1,167 parents of children with Down syndrome found that 49% give or have given supplements to improve their child's health. The most popular supplement categories include antioxidants and vitamins, but some products pose unknown health risks due to lack of regulation.
A study of over 32,000 cancer survivors found an increased risk of endocrine diseases such as thyroid disease and diabetes. Researchers examined the long-term consequences of cancer treatment in adolescents and young adults.
A new study finds that air pollution contributes significantly to diabetes worldwide, with even low levels posing a health risk. The researchers estimated that pollution contributed to 3.2 million new diabetes cases globally in 2016, representing about 14% of all new cases.
A team of researchers discovered well-dated plant fossils in the Lawula Formation, which provided a unique perspective on the uplift history of southeastern Tibet. The findings indicate that the region was around 3 km high and rising at an early stage of the Eocene-Oligocene transition, contradicting previous theories.
The ECOSTRESS mission uses satellite data from NASA to track temperature changes in various biomes. The on-the-ground data collected by the University of Queensland will be used to validate the accuracy of the satellite data, providing a more comprehensive understanding of water stress and crop growth.