Researchers from Stanford University have developed a technique called biofilm lithography to create intricate designs with bacterial communities. The method involves shining blue light on bacteria that secrete a sticky protein, resulting in sharp images of patterns such as polka dots and circuits.
A study finds that interrupting radiologists does not reduce diagnostic accuracy but changes their focus and increases time spent on cases, with more time spent on dictation screens.
Archaeological evidence from P?narba?? and Boncuklu in Turkey suggests indigenous people adopted agriculture on a small scale, possibly for non-economic reasons. The findings indicate the spread of agriculture was not uniform throughout central Anatolia.
A study of 155 Austronesian societies found that intensive agriculture and social hierarchies were not causally linked, but rather part of a feedback loop. The results challenge the widely held view that material changes drive social evolution.
A new study finds that only 0.7% of teenagers and young adults with severe obesity undergo weight loss surgery, a stark contrast to the effectiveness of this treatment modality. The lack of education and awareness among healthcare providers and the public contributes to underutilization of weight loss surgery in this age group.
Researchers at Saint Louis University have uncovered new answers about why cells rapidly age in children with a rare disease called Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome. The team found that cellular replication stress and a mistaken innate immune response are culprits, and successfully blocked these processes with vitamin D.
A new approach using drug-like molecules is being tested to tackle fungal infections, which cause billions of illnesses and 1.5 million deaths annually. The project uses glycan-based molecules that weaken fungal cell walls, making them more visible to the immune system.
The study presents a reference catalog of rumen microbial genomes and isolates, targeting economically and environmentally relevant microbes. The collection contains nearly 33,000 degradative Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes that can break down plant cell walls.
A new bioinformatics analysis method has been developed to study viral infections, revealing over 500 different proteins and peptides, including 200 previously unknown to science. This discovery improves the identification of translation events and opens up new possibilities to understand the effects of viral infections on the organism.
A Princeton University historian team analyzed four case studies to understand how societies coped with natural stresses, revealing socioeconomic factors often played a more significant role than environmental changes. Historians' nuanced interpretation adds context to past events, helping policymakers prepare for global climate change.
A new study reveals that rodents possess advanced object recognition strategies, comparable to those of primates. The research demonstrates the existence of rodent-specific recognition methods based on specific features and their spatial relationships.
A team of scientists has identified a human protein called interleukin-33 (IL-33) that reacts to various environmental allergens, including mold, pollen, and cockroaches. This discovery establishes a direct link between genetics and the environment, and offers new potential targets for treatment of allergic diseases.
A study published by the Endocrine Society found that oral micronized progesterone significantly decreased daytime and nighttime hot flashes and night sweats in perimenopausal women. The treatment was well-tolerated with no increased serious or drug-related side effects reported.
A new study by The Endocrine Society shows that an insulin pump system can improve glycemic outcomes in children with type 1 diabetes starting from age 7. The MiniMed 670G system also demonstrates effectiveness in adults and adolescents, leading to significant improvements in time spent within target glucose ranges and reduced A1c levels.
Artificial organelles have been integrated into the cells of living zebrafish embryos, enabling controlled release of pharmaceutical compounds. This innovative approach shows promise for treating diseases and reducing side effects.
Researchers propose targeting geoengineering at specific negative consequences of climate change, slowing sea-level rise by preserving continental ice sheets. The engineering costs and scales of these projects are comparable to today's large civil engineering projects, but with extra challenges due to the remote polar environment.
A meta-analysis of nine randomized controlled trials found that SSRIs were more effective in treating youth anxiety disorder than SNRIs. Patients started to see improvements from medication around two weeks, with the most significant improvement occurring in the fourth week of treatment.
Researchers have found that water-saturated permafrost soils can produce twice as much methane as dry soils without oxygen, significantly underestimating its role in the climate. The study's findings suggest that thawing permafrost could produce up to 1 gigaton of methane by 2100.
A new study found that automated reminder calls improved diabetic eye disease screening rates among low-income minority patients, particularly African Americans. The study showed a significant increase in retinal screenings after receiving robocall reminders, with show rates of 51.6% for African Americans and 61% for Latinos.
A study by the University of Manchester found that relative deprivation increased among young adults aged 30-59 and infants aged 0-4, while the over-60s experienced a decrease. The researchers attribute this to government policies, education funding, and housing costs increasing relative to real wages.
A minimally invasive treatment called geniculate artery embolization (GAE) has been shown to significantly reduce knee pain and disability in patients with osteoarthritis. The treatment involves blocking key arteries in the knee to reduce inflammation and pain, resulting in improved range of motion and function.
A study on bariatric surgery reveals that changes in the intestines lead to the reversal of diabetes after weight-loss surgery. The research found dramatic changes in gene expression in intestinal tissue, explaining blood glucose improvement and body weight loss after RYGB surgery.
Researchers at UAB identified a therapeutic target to prevent or delay heart failure by blocking early infiltration of macrophages into the heart. Macrophage targeting may also reduce inflammation and T-cell expansion in patients with pressure-overload hypertrophy.
Researchers at University of Toronto found that women with food insecurity are less able to sustain breastfeeding than those who are food-secure. By the age of two months, half of the food-insecure women had stopped breastfeeding exclusively, compared to most food-secure women who continued for four months or longer.
A new impact detection system uses vibration sensors and acoustic sensors to identify bird strikes on wind turbines. The system has shown positive results in detecting collisions, with the potential to improve safety for protected species like bald eagles.
Japanese researchers have optimized laboratory-grown diamond structures to detect magnetic fields, enabling new biosensing applications. The design uses nitrogen-vacancy centers with stable negative charge states, reducing noise and increasing detection accuracy.
The use of animal models in type 2 diabetes research is limited by interspecies differences and has proven inadequate to impact disease course, outcomes, and spread. Human-relevant research methods are increasingly being used, including imaging techniques, biological testing, and innovative approaches.
Scientists warn that Amazon deforestation rates between 20% and 25% could irreversibly alter the region's hydrological cycle, leading to degraded savannas and low biodiversity. Researchers advocate for a safety margin of less than 20% deforestation to prevent this tipping point.
A clinical trial found that increasing inhaled steroids at the first signs of an asthma attack does not prevent attacks in children with mild to moderate asthma. Children in the high-dose group experienced slower growth rates compared to those on low-dose medication.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have discovered a new class of semiconductors, known as hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs), that can emit light with nuanced colors. The materials are energy-efficient, easy to process and stable at room temperature, making them potentially useful for various applications.
Tropical Cyclone Eliakim caused severe flooding and landslides in eastern Madagascar with over 300 mm of rain, resulting in at least seven deaths. The storm's slow movement over the island nation led to continuous heavy rainfall.
A new University of Michigan study highlights the critical role of social and public health services in helping patients access lifesaving HIV services. Providers who offer behavioral interventions are more likely to link patients to testing and care.
Researchers have discovered that changes in social behavior during adolescence are not triggered by pubertal hormones. Using Siberian hamsters as a model, the team found that behavioral shifts, such as play-fighting to social dominance, occur at the same time regardless of puberty timing.
Researchers have discovered that reduced ribosome quantity impairs GATA1 production in blood stem cells, leading to Diamond-Blackfan anemia. This finding supports gene therapy as a potential treatment approach.
A new study by University of Stirling experts reveals that interest rate hikes can negatively impact the mental health of individuals heavily in debt. The research found a significant increase in mental health issues among those with high debt levels, resulting in an estimated £156 million cost to society.
A new study reveals that prostate MRI scans can reduce the number of invasive biopsies by up to 28% and detect more harmful cancers. The results show that using MRI to target biopsies leads to more significant cancer diagnoses, while also reducing unnecessary diagnoses.
A study published in British Journal of Sports Medicine found custom-made foot orthoses ineffective in treating plantar heel pain. Other conservative interventions, such as modified footwear and taping, showed similar results.
A new study by Elizabeth Sacchi from Binghamton University has found that increasing the space between letters in words can improve reading speed. The researchers measured brain activity while participants read and found that this effect was most pronounced for real words, suggesting a specific role during reading.
Scientists have used nanopore long-read sequencing to generate the first complete and accurate linear map of a human Y chromosome centromere. This milestone marks the beginning of a new era in human genetics and genomics, where gaps in the genome reference will no longer be tolerated.
Researchers from multiple institutions developed the largest-ever hydrological simulation of galaxy formation, expanding on their 2015 'Illustris' simulation. The new model includes a more precise accounting for magnetic fields and improves understanding of black hole physics, shedding light on star formation limits.
Researchers analyzed ancient animal remains from Ceibal, Guatemala, revealing widespread Maya animal management earlier than thought. The findings suggest that captive animals played a significant role in the development of state society among the Maya.
A study found that young Americans with nonfatal self-harm attempts had a sharply higher risk of suicide in the months following, especially among adolescents. The risk was highest for those who survived violent methods of self-harm.
A clinical trial found that HRD-positive triple negative breast cancer patients respond well to standard AC chemotherapy, with better disease-free survival rates. The study used preserved tissue samples from nearly two decades ago and demonstrated the value of banking tissue for future research.
Researchers estimate that Shark Bay has the largest carbon stores reported for a seagrass ecosystem, containing up to 1.3 percent of the total carbon stored in seagrass soils worldwide. The loss of seagrass at Shark Bay after the 2010-2011 marine heat wave released up to 9 million metric tons of CO2 into the atmosphere.
Scientists recommend regular brain scans for children with rare liver cancer due to its potential to metastasize. Early detection could increase surgical removal success and inform treatment choices.
Biomaterials with precisely ordered structures could be used for various biomedical applications due to their precise control of self-assembly. The hybrid approach allows researchers to expand the chemical diversity of protein-based materials by combining different alphabets, such as amino acids and lipids.
Researchers have discovered nine new genes associated with osteoarthritis, a degenerative disease causing joint damage and pain. The findings could lead to the development of targeted therapies for this debilitating condition, affecting 10 million people in the UK.
A new study projects that cutting carbon emissions sooner could avoid up to 153 million premature deaths globally, with the greatest gains in Asia and Africa. Cities like Kolkata and Delhi, India, could see up to 4.4 million projected saved lives.
Researchers found that using a single corticosteroid and long-acting bronchodilator treatment for both daily asthma control and rescue relief is more effective than separate medications. This approach significantly reduces asthma attacks, hospitalizations, and emergency room visits.
Researchers present a modified small-molecule drug that targets the RNA polymerase subunit of the influenza virus, reducing its ability to replicate and spread. The compound could potentially eliminate the virus or slow down its reproduction, offering a new treatment option for patients with flu.
A study by EMBL researchers found that over a quarter of non-antibiotic drugs inhibit the growth of at least one species in the human gut microbiome. This can lead to unintended side effects and potentially contribute to antibiotic resistance. The research team screened 1000 marketed drugs against 40 representative bacteria, revealing ...
A third of recent high school graduates have ridden in a motor vehicle with a substance-impaired driver, according to a study by researchers at the National Institutes of Health. The study found that 23% of young adults had ridden with marijuana-impaired drivers, while 20% had ridden with alcohol-impaired drivers.
Researchers at UCSB developed a specially engineered retinal patch using stem cells to treat people with sudden severe sight loss from wet AMD. The study showed improvements in vision, enabling patients to read and perform daily tasks.
Immunotherapy has shown promising results in treating metastatic breast cancer, with a median progression-free survival of 33 months and median overall survival of 82 months. The treatment has been found to improve PFS and OS in both luminal and non-luminal subtypes, offering new hope for patients with this incurable disease.
Researchers found that children with obesity who exhibited higher levels of impulsivity lost more weight during family-based behavioral treatment than those who were less impulsive. The six-month program aimed to change parent and child behaviors, including eating habits and physical activity.
Researchers have identified useful commercial applications for grape waste, such as prolonging the shelf life of fatty foods. Grape pomace is rich in natural antioxidants like proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins, and ellagic acid, which can be used to substitute artificial antioxidants in food products.
Researchers analyzed animal remains from Ceibal, Guatemala, and found that dogs, turkeys, and cats were raised for ceremonial purposes, with dogs being traded across the landscape. The study sheds light on the role of animals in Maya civilization and challenges previous assumptions about their management.
A groundbreaking study found that people can correctly identify others' feelings up to 75% of the time by analyzing subtle changes in blood flow color around the nose, eyebrows, cheeks, or chin. Computer algorithms developed from the research accurately recognize human emotion via face color with up to 90% accuracy.
Deborah Blum received the Endocrine Society's Award for Excellence in Science and Medical Journalism for her article examining how natural compounds in soy can interfere with estrogen hormones in the body. The study highlights the potential health risks associated with EDC exposure, including reproductive disorders and cancer.
Researchers observed the full range of superconducting states from insulator to superconductor and back to re-entrant insulator in a WS2 monolayer. The discovery could lead to rational design of 2D superconducting devices at relatively high temperatures.