A study published in Psychological Science found that exposure to air pollution, whether physical or mental, is linked with transgressive behavior through increased levels of anxiety. Participants who imagined experiencing air pollution engaged in more unethical behavior than those who thought about clean environments.
Researchers found that Egyptian fruit bats use a technique similar to frequency-scanning sonar, pointing different frequencies of sound at slightly different angles to create fine-grained acoustic images. This discovery could lead to the development of cheap sensors with sensing capability.
Researchers have successfully palliated kidney disease in mice by removing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B from renal podocytes. Mice with this modification displayed improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, alleviating some consequences of diabetes.
Researchers found that prenatal stress can promote developmental plasticity in babies, making them more likely to benefit from good parenting. However, this effect only manifests when they are reared in supportive environments.
A new study has found that the immune system uses a specific balance of T cell types to tolerate beneficial bacteria, while triggering inflammation in pathogenic species. The discovery could lead to new treatments for inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn's and ulcerative colitis.
University of Oregon geologists discovered unusual seafloor structures indicating heightened worldwide magmatic activity 66 million years ago after the Chicxulub meteor struck. The research suggests seismic waves from the impact triggered accelerated volcanism globally, contributing to a mass extinction event.
A new trial shows that family-integrated care in neonatal intensive care units leads to improved weight gain, breastfeeding rates, and reduced parental stress among preterm infants. The program also may have long-term benefits for neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Mobile health units offer a portable approach to bringing healthcare to communities, with over 2,000 units in service nationwide. Adolescents surveyed expressed interest in learning about sexual health through MHUs, with high rates of willingness to obtain birth control and recommend the service to friends.
Researchers are investigating genome elimination in organisms, a process crucial for survival and evolution. Studies aim to uncover the mechanisms of this complex phenomenon, which could lead to the treatment of hereditary diseases.
A randomized controlled trial found no significant difference in weight status among children taking part in a school-based lifestyle and healthy eating program compared to those not participating. The study suggests that wider influences from families, communities, and the food industry may have a greater impact on childhood obesity t...
A University of Iowa biologist discovered a virus family whose set of genes is similar to that of eukaryotes, helping clarify the evolution of eukaryotes after branching from prokaryotes. Giant viruses like Marseilleviridae may have been the source of these genes.
A recent study found that giving individuals a sense of freedom leads to increased feelings of responsibility. The research, involving Russian and American participants, showed that autonomy is a basic human need and that people are more likely to take responsibility when they have the freedom to choose their actions.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine have found that individual BET bromodomain proteins work independently, reducing the effectiveness of pan-BET inhibitors. This discovery paves the way for more fine-tuned experiments and treatments in breast cancer patients with varying levels of protein expression.
Researchers found that adding volcanic ash to traditional cement reduces the overall energy needed to manufacture concrete, with a 16% decrease in energy required. The optimal particle size of volcanic ash affects the strength and energy efficiency of the concrete.
GlycoNet has awarded $3.5 million to researchers across Canada to explore glycomics and its impact on human health. The grants will support research into Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's, drug-resistant fungal infections, and other areas.
Researchers at MIT developed a mathematical model to describe the relationship between hairy surface dimensions, dipping speed, and fluid properties. The model predicts optimal fluid entrainment for hairy-tongued nectar feeders like bats, honeybees, and possums.
The American College of Rheumatology now supports the use of biosimilars in treating patients with rheumatic diseases, citing rigorously acquired data. Communication between providers and patients is crucial to alleviate anxiety around newly available agents.
Most UK doctors (79%) and 80% of the public support legislation for assisted dying. A series of articles explores the debate around assisted dying, with personal accounts and expert opinions. The proposed legislation aims to provide safeguards for terminally ill patients who want to end their lives.
Researchers use a compound called amobarbital to protect joints from cartilage loss after injury, showing promise in preventing post-traumatic osteoarthritis. The study's findings suggest that targeting mitochondria after joint fractures could substantially improve quality of life for PTOA patients.
The Rice lab demonstrates energetic properties of colloids in spinning magnetic fields, gathering into disorganized aggregated clusters and then forming crystal-like regimes as the field strength increases. The researchers explore ways to model novel two-dimensional materials like tunable catalysts or colloids with changing surface areas.
Researchers have identified a pheromone from the Asian citrus psyllid that transmits citrus greening disease. The discovery enables the synthesis of the substance and use in traps to lure and kill the insect, reducing HLB incidence.
Researchers discovered that limiting an amino acid called asparagine can dramatically reduce breast cancer's ability to travel, suggesting a potential strategy to prevent its spread. Foods high in asparagine include dairy and meat products, while fruits and vegetables are low in this compound.
Scientists at the University of Freiburg discovered RNase E as a crucial enzyme in CRISPR/Cas systems, enabling correct gene expression and immune defense. The findings suggest stronger interaction between CRISPR/Cas systems and host organisms, increasing potential for its applications.
Many epilepsy patients receive antiepileptic and non-epilepsy drugs that can interact, altering the effectiveness of one or both types of medications. The study found over 1 in 5 patients taking such combinations may experience reduced efficacy or increased toxicity.
NYU Tandon researchers have developed a new method for manufacturing lightweight syntactic foams using 3D printing. The breakthrough could enable the creation of complex parts that can withstand stresses at greater depths, benefiting submarines. The filaments were made with recycled fly ash and high-density polyethylene plastic.
A new study challenges the long-held assumption that amyloid beta buildup in brain cells is the origin of Alzheimer's disease. Researchers found that standard diagnostic tools fail to detect future AD in many patients under age 70, and that a decline in cerebrospinal fluid clearance may be the early feature of AD.
One hundred high school students from 28 states have been named winners in the third year of PBS' and Stand Up To Cancer's Emperor Science Award program. The recipients will work with a university scientist on a multi-week cancer research project, receive a Google Chromebook computer, and a $1,500 stipend.
Researchers are re-examining old antibiotics to find new ones, applying modern science and technology to test their potential. A compound identified in the 1940s is now being considered as a realistic contender for a new antibiotic drug, with the potential to combat certain types of bacterial infections.
A new study published in The Lancet suggests that the current WHO strategy for yaws eradication is insufficient and may not be effective against antibiotic-resistant strains. Researchers recommend treating every individual living in an endemic zone to cure latent infections and achieve elimination.
A new study finds that nostalgia for America's past can buffer collective guilt and create group coherence. Those who glorify the US tend to be more nostalgic, which alleviates feelings of guilt about historical wrongs.
A global study found that treating multiple chronic diseases is putting a significant financial burden on countries' health systems and individuals. Patients with multimorbidity often face high out-of-pocket costs, leading to non-adherence to prescribed medicines.
Researchers at UPMC Hillman Cancer Center have identified a new genetic change in the estrogen receptor that contributes to therapy resistance in ER-positive breast cancer. The presence of ESR1 fusion proteins in treatment-resistant breast cancer may lead to improved treatments for this form of the disease.
CU researchers found that givinostat improved the heart's ability to relax, holding promise for treating patients with diastolic dysfunction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Fibrosis is not the sole cause of diastolic dysfunction; a defect in muscle cell relaxation contributes.
A study published in Neurology suggests that strokes can compromise the blood-ocular barrier, causing gadolinium to leak into the eye. This phenomenon could potentially provide valuable information about stroke severity and guide treatment.
Researchers at University of Cincinnati are developing cutting-edge methods to overcome the barrier of human skin for biometric sensors. The devices can measure things optically, chemically, electrically, and mechanically without compromising the skin's ability to prevent infection and dehydration.
Researchers at Cornell University developed a novel analytical technique to visualize polymer chain growth in real-time. By combining magnetic tweezers, optical microscopy, and spectroscopic techniques, they discovered that individual polymer chains undergo consecutive wait-and-jump steps.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have discovered a highly efficient ammonia synthesis catalyst that functions at low temperatures, exceeding the efficiency of conventional ruthenium and iron catalysts. The catalyst's unique structure expands surface area to improve performance.
Experts emphasize need for standardized quality review, transparent data sharing and greater stakeholder involvement in risk assessment. Workshop participants agree on importance of harmonized system for efficient regulation.
Researchers develop risk assessment framework to incorporate three common failure modes into a comprehensive strategy. The analysis finds that any risk assessment must consider all pertinent failure modes of a structure.
A recent study in Oregon revealed that more than half of the public consider alcohol to be more harmful than marijuana. The study found a significant correlation between age and perceived harm, with younger people substantially more likely to view alcohol as more harmful.
A new study reveals that genetic factors causing autism spectrum disorders diminish brain cognitive functions, leading to lower non-verbal IQ. Motor skills also correlate with de novo mutations in ASD, making them a sensitive indicator of damage.
Women who underwent mastectomy without reconstruction underestimated their future quality of life, while those with immediate reconstruction overestimated it. The study highlights the importance of decision support for breast reconstruction, taking into account patients' expectations about well-being.
Recent publications by Dr. Joseph Michalski and colleagues cast doubt on the idea of surface life evolving on Mars due to extremely cold and dry climate conditions. However, they suggest subsurface life is a promising option, focusing exploration on hydrothermal deposits.
The Vilcek Prize in Biomedical Science is awarded to Alexander Rudensky for his work on regulatory T cells and their role in cancer treatment. Two younger immigrants, Polina Anikeeva and Sergiu P. Pasca, receive $50,000 prizes for their promising contributions to biomedical engineering and brain disease research.
A new study demonstrates the feasibility of using terahertz carrier waves for data transmission in diverse situations and environments. Researchers successfully measured data transmission at high frequencies, including non-line-of-sight applications.
A new study found that an intensive 6-day Ayurveda-based mind-body program increased self-awareness and related health benefits. The program was compared to a control group, showing significant increases in neti values at both immediate completion and the 1-month follow-up.
The September 2017 earthquakes showcased the effectiveness of Mexico's SASMEX early warning system, which detected the magnitude 8.2 Tehuantepec earthquake and sent alerts to residents with almost two minutes' notice. However, improvements are needed to reduce processing times and ensure timely warnings for all residents.
The study reveals that methane hydrate melts from the Arctic sea floor due to sea floor uplift, causing a slow and steady methane release over 8000 years. The research suggests that this process is more likely than ocean warming as the cause of methane seeps in the region.
Researchers from Uppsala University and collaborating institutions developed a new method to measure magnetism at the atomic level, enabling detailed analysis of magnetic nanostructures. This advancement is crucial for the development of next-generation spintronic components that require functional units only a few nanometers large.
Brown University researchers demonstrate that terahertz frequency data links can maintain acceptable bit-error-rates after bouncing off objects, enabling the possibility of non-line-of-sight links. The study's findings support the idea of terahertz local-area networks and could pave the way for future wireless networks with increased b...
Researchers have discovered that Bayesian model selection tends to produce very high posterior probabilities for estimated evolutionary trees even if they are clearly wrong. This phenomenon is attributed to the non-nested nature of some models, which can lead to polarized behavior.
The ozone layer has continued to decline in the lower stratosphere, contrary to expectations that it would have recovered by the middle of the century. Satellite measurements show a decrease in ozone concentrations at latitudes between 60° S and 60° N since the Montreal Protocol banned ozone-depleting substances in 1989.
Global experts argue that solar-driven water splitting can become the technology of choice for producing hydrogen, reducing reliance on fossil fuels. However, significant research efforts are needed to industrialize this process and make it suitable for the 21st century and beyond.
Researchers employed computational approaches to estimate the fitness landscape of gp160, a polyprotein that comprises HIV's spike. The inferred landscape was validated through comparisons with diverse experimental measurements.
Scientists analyzed data from HINODE to reveal a strongly magnetized iron atom signature in a sunspot, with a magnetic field strength of 6,250 gauss, more than double the usual amount. The strongest field was found at a bright region between two umbrae, not in the dark core as expected.
A recent study has estimated the frequency of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders among first-graders in four US communities, finding rates as high as 50 per 1,000 children. The findings suggest a more accurate prevalence estimate than previous studies, but may not be generalizable to all communities.
A team of UMass Lowell researchers has developed sensing fabrics with optical fibers and sensors to monitor structural health and integrity of vital infrastructures. These fabrics can detect cracks and strain early on, minimizing maintenance costs and environmental impacts.
Researchers have uncovered how an inflammation process automatically switches off in healthy cells, a discovery that could lead to stopping damage caused by uncontrolled inflammation. The study focuses on inflammasomes, which are machine-like protein complexes at the heart of inflammation and disease.
Scientists have discovered a way to create materials with new properties by inducing liquid crystals to form ordered rings in nanopores. This self-assembly process allows for the design of nanomaterials that can be controlled through temperature, enabling novel applications in organic semiconductors.
Research suggests that irregular schedules can lead to inflammation, exacerbating metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes. Disrupted biological clocks may contribute to these effects by altering inflammatory responses.