The Korea Institute of Science and Technology developed a transfer-printing technology for creating high-performance sensors on diverse shapes and structures. The KIST team used hydrogel and nano ink to easily create electrodes, overcoming limitations in traditional transfer printing processes.
A study in mice identified parvalbumin interneurons as key brain cells involved in social memory retrieval. Deficits in these cells may contribute to social memory deficits in schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease.
The study estimates that childhood cancers cause over 11.5 million years of healthy life lost globally every year, with the poorest countries facing a disproportionately large burden. Inequities in childhood cancer burden exist between high and low SDI countries, with low SDI countries accounting for 60% of global DALYs.
Three leading medical writing organizations warn of predatory journals' threat to scientific research quality and reliability. The organizations provide a set of identifiers to identify potential predatory journals, advising authors to carry out due diligence before submitting their work.
A genome-wide association study found specific genetic links to re-experiencing trauma symptoms in US veterans with PTSD, highlighting the role of brain cells in stress response. The study identified eight distinct genetic regions associated with PTSD vulnerability, providing potential targets for drug treatments.
Researchers have discovered that the prefrontal cortex directly encodes the intention to consume alcohol, but this ability is blunted in rats with a family history of excessive drinking. This finding suggests that restoring prefrontal cortex activity could be a new strategy for treating alcohol use disorders.
Researchers reveal how TET proteins convert 5mC to 5hmC, preventing genomic instability and cancer. Defects in TET function are linked to increased levels of DNA damage and genome instability, highlighting the importance of maintaining a balance between DNA methylation and demethylation.
A study by University of Illinois social work professor Kate M. Wegmann found that black middle school students were significantly less likely to receive verbal or written warnings from their teachers about behavioral infractions. Black students were also more likely to experience exclusionary forms of discipline, such as suspensions a...
Researchers used parasitic bat flies to study buffy flower bat populations in the Bahamas, finding a single population of bats but two populations of their flies. The study suggests that ocean channels may not be universal barriers for bats, with limited gene flow over two years.
Thin films of rust can convert kinetic energy into electricity when exposed to saltwater, offering a new method for sustainable power generation. The electrokinetic effect is around 30% efficient and has potential applications in tidal energy conversion and implantable devices.
A new study from the University of Cambridge has identified a link between high levels of estrogen in the womb and an increased risk of developing autism. The research found that prenatal estrogen levels were significantly higher in male fetuses who later developed autism compared to those who did not.
The Stanford group's battery captures blue energy by releasing sodium and chloride ions, then reincorporating them through rapid wastewater and seawater exchanges. The technology has shown 97% effectiveness in capturing salinity gradient energy over 180 cycles.
Scientists at ETH Zurich developed a new catalyst technology converting CO2 and hydrogen directly into methanol, enabling the production of fuels and chemicals from renewable resources. The approach has significant potential to close the carbon cycle and produce sustainable methanol on an industrial scale.
NASA's Aqua satellite measures cloud top temperatures of Tropical Storm Flossie, revealing strong storms with cold temperatures of minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit. The storm is forecast to strengthen into a hurricane on Tuesday, with maximum sustained winds increasing to near 50 mph.
Research found that African biomass burning is a substantial source of phosphorus deposition to the Amazon, Tropical Atlantic Ocean, and Southern Ocean. This discovery has significant implications for understanding Earth's climate and may impact primary productivity and carbon dioxide drawdown in both ecosystems.
Researchers discovered that proteinaceous amino acids readily form short chains resembling modern proteins, hinting at their potential role in the origin of life. The study suggests these amino acids were selected based on reactivity advantages over nonproteinaceous ones.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have discovered that specific cells in artery walls transform to form protective caps on plaque, reducing the risk of rupture. The new discovery sheds light on atherosclerosis progression and potential prevention strategies.
The SLAP microscope uses compressed measurements to scan large areas quickly, recording neurons' voltage spikes and neurotransmitter release. It has broken the speed limit of traditional two-photon microscopy, allowing scientists to capture millisecond-scale patterns in living brains.
A Brazilian study found that cannabidiol attenuates social isolation-induced aggression in mice by facilitating the activation of serotonin and CB1 receptors. The researchers used a resident-intruder test model to demonstrate that lower doses of cannabidiol inhibit aggressive behavior, while higher doses have little effect.
A new study in Germany found that religious differences can drive anti-immigrant bias, even when immigrants follow local social norms. The researchers used an experimental approach to measure bystanders' behavior and found that Muslim immigrant women who wore a hijab received less assistance than native German women.
Researchers create computational models of individual patient diseases to identify diagnostic and therapeutic targets, and use T cells as a fingerprint to diagnose various diseases. The study demonstrates the potential of digital twins to improve healthcare outcomes in complex diseases.
A recent pilot study led by the University of Washington found that art-based mindfulness activities significantly reduced adolescent girls' headaches, with an average decrease of 4.63 headaches per two-week period. The students reported feeling better in the moment and improved ability to handle stress.
A new study reveals that Mycobacterium tuberculosis can use carbon monoxide to survive inside the human host. This discovery could pave the way for new strategies to fight communicable diseases like TB.
Researchers Maayan Stavans and Renée Baillargeon found that infants as young as 17 months old expect leaders to rectify transgressions. The study suggests that abstract expectation of authority is part of the basic structure of human moral cognition.
A new computer software can detect genuine facial expressions, especially around the eyes. Researchers at the University of Bradford used a video analysis method to identify differences between real and posed smiles, finding that the eyes show more movement in genuine expressions.
A study analyzing over 1300 measurements found the source of a 2017 radioactive cloud to be a civilian reprocessing plant, releasing large amounts of ruthenium-106. The incident caused no health risks for Europe's population.
Research analyzed popular picture books for depictions of political issues, leaders, and processes. The study found a lack of information on voting and protesting, as well as limited representation of democratic leaders. Picture books could be an opportunity for early education about politics and democracy.
Research found that introduced species dilute the effects of evolution on diversity, making Hawaiian forests more similar. Older islands have a greater number of rare and native species compared to younger ones, but introduced species weaken this effect.
Michigan State University has received a $2.5 million grant to develop the teaching of less commonly taught languages, particularly Indigenous languages, through a multi-university initiative. The project will create sustainable models of instruction and promote language proficiency to deepen cultural understanding.
Researchers simulate how hackers could randomly strand internet-connected cars to cause widespread traffic gridlock. Even with conservative estimates, stalling 20% of cars during rush hour could freeze traffic solid and debilitate emergency vehicles.
KAUST researchers have developed a single microchip that integrates sensing, energy-harvesting, current-rectifying, and energy-storage functions. The chip uses ruthenium oxide as the common electrode material, enabling miniaturization of self-powered sensor devices.
Daily intake of Montmorency tart cherry juice improved memory scores among adults aged 65-73, with notable reductions in movement time and errors during visual and spatial working memory tasks. Compliance was high, but larger studies are warranted to confirm findings.
A breakthrough new drug CBL0137 has proven effective in mice treated with chemotherapy and is being tested as a potential treatment for all types of cancer, including solid tumours. The drug works by reactivating the body's P53 pathway to kill off damaged cells.
A new study found that 5- to 8-month-old babies exhibit face-specific brain activity in response to yawning, suggesting a neural basis for their preference. The research used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure brain activity while babies viewed yawning and mouth movement.
Researchers propose focusing high-energy particle beams on small spots deep inside the body to target cancerous tumors precisely, reducing dose to surrounding tissue. The study aims to improve radiotherapy effectiveness and reduce costs using ultra-compact laser-wakefield accelerators.
Australian researchers have identified a gene called JMJD6 that plays a key role in the most aggressive form of neuroblastoma. The discovery opens up new possibilities for targeted drug therapy, with promising results shown in animal models.
Between 2007 and 2016, the proportion of US adults meeting aerobic activity guidelines remained relatively stable at around 65%, while sedentary behavior increased from 5.7 to 6.4 hours per day. This trend suggests a stagnation in physical activity levels despite updated guidelines recommending less sitting.
A recent study by Mayo Clinic researchers found an association between increased symptoms of burnout and heightened racial bias in medical residents. Physicians experiencing high symptoms of burnout tended to exhibit more racial bias, both explicit and implicit, but recoveries from burnout were linked to reductions in bias.
A study by KU Leuven researchers has successfully stabilized perovskites, a promising type of semiconductor material for harnessing solar energy. By binding the crystals to a glass substrate and heating them to high temperatures, the black perovskite state is achieved, enabling efficient sunlight absorption and electricity generation.
Researchers will investigate the effects of Eastern Red Cedar's ecological processes and environmental factors on its range expansion. The project aims to understand how this invasive species impacts native plants and soil-nutrient availability.
A new imaging technique uses magnetic properties of the heart muscle to quantify changes in blood flow, identifying areas impacted by coronary atherosclerosis. This method eliminates the need for contrast agents or pharmacological stress tests, offering a faster and potentially safer diagnostic option for CAD patients.
Researchers successfully applied machine learning to discover innovative materials with desired properties from limited data. The study identifies thousands of promising virtual polymers with high thermal conductivity, outperforming typical polyimides.
Researchers found that montelukast can disrupt inflammatory signaling in diabetic retinopathy, reducing small blood vessel and nerve damage. The study offers an early approach to treat type 1 diabetes and suggests a potential new treatment for the disease.
A study found that a significant release of radioactive ruthenium occurred in October 2017, with highest levels detected over Romania. The release is believed to have originated from the Mayak nuclear complex in Russia, consistent with air mass movements and deposition patterns.
A study using national insurance claims data found an association between opioid prescriptions after vaginal or cesarean delivery and increased rates of new persistent opioid use among US women. The study included over 988,000 women and explored the long-term effects of post-delivery opioid use.
The University of Texas at Arlington is developing an algorithm that models the effects of earthquakes on water pipeline infrastructure. This model determines how best to use limited infrastructure funding to make pipelines less prone to earthquake damage.
A new whole-genome sequencing technique is being adopted to detect salmonella in the food industry. This method provides a more reliable and precise identification of salmonella strains, enabling the origin and path of outbreaks to be determined.
The Kessler Foundation will conduct a pilot study using functional MRI to develop new strategies for managing neuropathic pain in individuals with spinal cord injuries. The study aims to train participants to use neurofeedback to modulate their brain activity and reduce pain sensations.
A study found that only 2.6% of youths with ADHD were prescribed antipsychotics, but many prescriptions lacked a clear rationale. The highest antipsychotic use was among preschool-age children, and fewer than half had been treated first with stimulants.
Researchers studied LCH lesions under the microscope to investigate diversity in full molecular detail. They identified multiple LCH cell subtypes, including actively dividing cells that give rise to other subtypes, revealing an interplay of developmental, immunological, and oncogenic mechanisms.
Researchers have discovered that two enzymes, SIK1 and SIK3, play a critical role in driving tumor growth in non-small-cell lung cancer by promoting inflammation. The findings highlight a potential new target for therapies and could lead to improved treatment options for patients with this deadly form of lung cancer.
Researchers studying Barilla Sustainable Farming in Italy found that partnering with different stakeholders can promote sustainability in agri-food supply chains. A two-level approach to implement crop diversification and sustainable management practices is suggested to achieve a more sustainable agricultural system throughout Europe.
Researchers at Uppsala University have developed a way to produce butanol, a fourth-generation biofuel, using solar energy, water, and CO2 without the need for solar cells. The microorganisms can efficiently capture the sun's energy and bind to carbon dioxide in the air.
A group of scientists recommends large-scale collaborative research to tackle dry macular degeneration, with proposed methods including integrated collaboration and biorepository development. The panel aims to bring about meaningful clinical results by promoting multidisciplinary investigator teams.
A new study has identified a specific forebrain region linked to altered social interactions in an autism model. Restoring activity of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) reversed social traits associated with autism. The research provides clues to the neural circuits underlying social deficits in autism spectrum disorder.
A recent study published in Applied and Environmental Microbiology found that genetics has a greater impact on the microbiome of mice than their maternal birth environment. The researchers tested two different inbred laboratory strains of mice and found that the offspring's microbiomes were similar regardless of which parent was black ...
Researchers create device that exploits quantum principles to detect phonons, enabling precise measurement of individual sound particles and paving the way for new types of quantum devices. This breakthrough could lead to more compact and efficient quantum computers that operate by manipulating sound rather than light.
A study of nearly 3,400 second-year resident physicians in the US found that 45% experienced burnout symptoms, which may contribute to care disparities and racial bias towards black people. The observed association was small to medium and cannot be determined as causal.
Researchers discover that visible prosocial punishment, where individuals can punish those who don't cooperate, is key to promoting large-scale cooperation. The study suggests that the perception of punishment, not just its implementation, is essential for sustaining cooperative interactions.
A study found that medications used to treat atrial fibrillation, such as amiodarone, can significantly increase the risk of falls and fainting in older adults. The risk is highest within the first two weeks of treatment, highlighting the importance of informed decision-making for quality patient care.