A UC Riverside-led research team found that fruit fly taste neurons can detect different categories of aversive chemicals and convey this information to the brain, where it controls food intake. The study's findings have implications for understanding feeding behavior in insects and could lead to strategies for controlling insect pests...
The discovery of osseointegration has led to high clinical performance of oral implants, but peri-implant soft tissue complications can jeopardize osseointegration. Early intervention in situations with peri-implant mucositis is crucial for preventing peri-implantitis.
Researchers at Swansea University found that common shore crabs can learn the path of a maze to find food and recall it two weeks later. The study showed significant improvement in navigation time and accuracy over four weeks.
Researchers developed a targeted cancer treatment using biologically-inspired nanotubes that deliver chemotherapy drugs directly to fast-dividing lung cancer cells. The new technology reduces toxicity and effective kills cancer cells with lower doses, promising a precise approach for precision targeting.
Researchers have discovered fullerene compounds that can effectively kill non-small-cell lung carcinoma cells without harming healthy cells. The anti-tumor activity of these compounds has great potential for the development of new treatments for this aggressive form of cancer.
A study published in the Journal of Applied Physiology found that exercise can reduce artery stiffness associated with heart failure. Regardless of intensity level or duration, any type of physical activity was beneficial for heart health compared to no exercise at all.
A new study published in the European Heart Journal found that taking anti-hypertensive medication at bedtime reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease and death by nearly half compared to morning medication. Patients who took their medication at night had better-controlled blood pressure and a significantly lower risk of heart attack...
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have developed a novel electrochemical therapy to treat metal-based implant infections, which are a persistent problem with five to 10 percent failure rates. The new approach damages the microbe cell membrane, increasing susceptibility to antibiotics and eradicating drug-resistant cells.
A new study by Rice University experts found that freestanding emergency departments increased average emergency department spending by 3.6% per insured beneficiary in Texas, Florida, and North Carolina. In contrast, entry of a freestanding emergency department resulted in higher out-of-pocket payments for emergency care in three states.
Researchers identify previously unknown proteins that suppress trypsin activity, protecting tapeworms from digestive enzymes. The discovery sheds light on the molecular diversity of tapeworms and their ability to evade host immune systems.
Researchers found that different clay minerals interact with organic matter to varying degrees, affecting carbon sequestration. Smectite and kaolinite form stable complexes with organic substances, while mica and chlorite bind tightly with continental carbon.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in understanding the role of microglia in neuroinflammation, a hallmark of degenerative brain diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease. Studies show that changes in microglial cells can trigger hyperexcitability in the brain, leading to decreased sociability and motivation.
Insects are moving northwards in response to climate change, but often find no suitable habitats for settlement. Habitat availability plays a crucial role in determining expansion rates, with some species thriving in certain conditions while others struggle.
Patients who received courteous care during blood draws reported a 390% reduction in pain perception, with 82% experiencing excellent pain control. Empathetic providers were found to make a substantial difference in patient experience.
Scientists at Tokyo Tech achieve unprecedented precision in localizing biomolecules within intact cells using cryogenic fluorescence microscopy. The technique corrects the 'dipole orientation effect', a major limitation in fluorescence microscopy, resulting in nanometer-level accuracy.
Researchers have discovered a protective protein called haptoglobin that prevents free hemoglobin from damaging neurons after brain hemorrhage. By administering purified haptoglobin directly into the cerebrospinal fluid, they were able to prevent vasospasms and block toxic effects.
Researchers developed a new technology to produce flexible 3D medical devices by selectively bonding polymeric thin films using plasma. This method overcomes limitations of existing flexible 3D structures, enabling mass production with customized shapes and wire patterns.
New UBC research finds a higher risk of severe tears with unassisted episiotomies, while assisted births like forceps deliveries show some protection against perineal injury. The study suggests caution in applying general guidelines for all vaginal deliveries.
A University of Oklahoma-led study found a significant increase in photosynthesis in the Amazon rainforest during the dry season, as measured by satellite-based solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence. The study provides new insights into the dynamics of Amazonian photosynthesis and its impact on global atmospheric carbon concentrations.
A new study in rats reveals the extent of brain damage caused by short-term maternal abuse, which can lead to fear and memory problems. Researchers also found that the combination of stress and abuse can restrict growth of certain parts of the brain, leading to behavioral problems.
A large Canadian study found episiotomy can reduce the risk of severe perineal tears in instrument-assisted vaginal deliveries, particularly among first-time mothers. The rate of severe perineal tears has increased in Canada due to improved detection and reporting, affecting up to 15% of births.
Research analyzed over 275,000 restaurant reviews to find differences in reader perception based on the platform where reviews were generated. Mobile reviews were associated with lower likes and consumption value compared to laptop or desktop reviews.
Listeners prefer songs with balanced uncertain expectations, suggesting a 'reward for learning'. Medium complexity musical fragments with counterbalancing uncertain and predictable events yield the highest preference ratings.
The XDiscovery Lab at Dartmouth has introduced three innovative technologies: TipText, a finger-based keyboard for wearables; Tessutivo, a conductive fabric that interacts with objects; and Proxino, a tool for testing virtual circuits in the physical world. These advancements bring humans closer to devices and could enable new forms of...
A dated evolutionary tree for butterflies and moths reveals they diversified 300 million years ago, earlier than previously thought. The study supports the hypothesis that Lepidoptera coevolved with flowering plants but not with echolocating bats.
Developed by Chung-Ang University researchers, the new exosuit helps users walk and run more efficiently while reducing energy expenditure. It features a fabric vest, wires, and batteries, weighing just 5kg and automatically switching between walking and running modes.
Researchers have successfully created an efficient quantum-mechanical light-matter interface using a microscopic cavity, enabling interactions between individual photons and artificial atoms. The experiment demonstrates the potential for new quantum technological applications in photonics and quantum information processing.
Researchers developed a method to calculate truck stops along routes, confirming toll roads are eco-friendly and economically viable. The study uses data from Yandex.Traffic and GLONASS/GPS systems to promote efficient routes.
Researchers at Washington University and USF Health developed a peptide-based nanoparticle that delivers siRNA to suppress KRAS-driven cancer growth without adverse effects. The nanoparticles effectively target tumor cells, reducing tumor cell death and slowing cancer growth.
Dr. Mark A. Warner has made significant contributions to the field of anesthesiology through his work on patient care, academic leadership, and scientific discovery. He is a past president of the American Society of Anesthesiologists and has led initiatives in perioperative surgical home model of care.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have discovered a composite metal foam (CMF) material that surpasses traditional aluminum in leading-edge characteristics. The infused CMF exhibits improved contact angle, insect adhesion, and particle wear resistance, making it an attractive alternative for aircraft wing components.
Researchers at Indiana University have discovered a previously unknown role of protein pili in helping bacteria reel in DNA. The study's findings may help inform strategies to stop bacterial infection and combat antibiotic resistance, which is estimated to cause 10 million deaths by 2050.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have successfully developed an artificial leaf that can directly produce syngas, a widely-used gas currently made from fossil fuels, in a sustainable way. The device uses sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce clean gas without releasing additional carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Pensoft's new data audit process ensures datasets are fit-to-use prior to peer review, saving time and effort for authors and reviewers. The workflow applies principles of FAIR data and is applicable to data linked from external repositories.
A new group cognitive-behavioral therapy program is being used to help parents of children with Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) improve their child's mealtime behaviors. The program, known as the Picky Eaters Clinic, has reported life-changing improvements in parents and their children.
Tropical Storm Neoguri is undergoing extratropical transition due to southwesterly wind shear, resulting in elongated storm structure and weakened convection. The system's maximum sustained winds near 40 knots (46 mph) are expected to decrease within 12 hours.
Researchers discovered a Neandertal-made tar-backed tool from the North Sea, revealing the use of complex technology by Neandertals. The tool, dated to approximately 50,000 years old, suggests a considerable investment of resources in its production and maintenance.
A new special issue of World Development examines the ways forests serve to alleviate poverty around the world. Research highlights the importance of forests in promoting broader prosperity, including through community-based forest enterprises, ecotourism, and ecosystem services.
Researchers have recorded the loudest bird calls yet documented, reaching sound pressure levels three times that of screaming pihas. The white bellbird's mating songs are so loud they pose a risk to female hearing, sparking questions about the evolutionary advantages behind this extraordinary trait.
Researchers use gravity crystals to study the physics of white dwarf stars, shedding light on Wigner crystallization and its application to these celestial bodies. The discovery reveals similar behavior between gravity crystals and white dwarf stars, highlighting the robust nature of this phenomenon.
Researchers analyzed brain samples from two mutant HD gene positive individuals and found massive inflammation and similar gene expression patterns in the striatum compared to the prefrontal cortex. Unique patterns were also observed in the striatum, suggesting active neurogenesis during the disease process.
A new study estimates that the western South Atlantic humpback whale population has grown to 25,000, recovering more quickly than previously thought. The population was depleted to only 450 whales in the early 1900s due to intense whaling pressure.
Scientists discovered that bacterial cell division requires both mechanical and biological processes. The study found that a build-up of mechanical stress in the cell wall is necessary before division occurs, and can even be triggered by physical pressure.
New research reveals that immune cells called microglia are active during sleep, rewiring brain connections and repairing damage. Microglia's interaction with neurotransmitters like norepinephrine regulates their activity, suggesting a link between sleep and brain health.
Global REDD+ fund allocation scenarios optimize carbon reduction for a moderate cost increase in biodiversity conservation. Adding ambition to equity targets significantly improves outcomes without reducing the effect of funding on carbon and biodiversity results.
A new techno-economic analysis reveals the cold sintering process offers financial and environmental benefits for ceramic manufacturers. The study found that using CSP reduces energy use and capital costs, making it the most economically attractive option for producing ceramics.
New research presents alarming findings on ketamine infusion therapy for pain management, revealing that over a third of patients experience hallucinations, visual disturbances, and other adverse effects. The study emphasizes the importance of cautious approach to using ketamine as an opioid alternative.
Researchers at Aalto University have studied the dynamics of quantum knots, finding that they untie themselves within a short period before forming a vortex. This discovery opens up new avenues for experimental research and suggests that quantum knots may be more unstable than previously thought.
A new machine learning algorithm identified individuals with probable familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) for the first time at a national scale, reducing the number of people needed to be screened. The FIND FH model performed comparably well on diverse healthcare data and has been implemented in several US healthcare systems.
A new study from Cornell University researchers found that computational education can foster intercultural learning and unlikely friendships between students from diverse backgrounds. Despite initial resistance, the structure of the class enabled cooperation and bonding among students from different ethnic groups.
Researchers at Salk Institute create mouse blastocyst-like structures from single cultured cells, mimicking the natural developmental process. The blastoids can form a ball with an inner and outer layer, accumulating proteins that induce expression of proteins to build what could eventually become a placenta.
Using audio recordings, researchers found that listening to speech patterns allowed strangers to accurately predict social class, age, gender, and race more than half the time. Speech patterns were less accurate for social class judgments compared to other categories, suggesting they may perpetuate social inequality.
Dr. Kathleen Neuzil's pivotal research informed global vaccine policy, saving millions worldwide. As a member of the National Academy of Medicine, she will continue to shape public health policy.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have developed a new therapeutic approach to treat symptoms associated with PTEN deficiency, which is linked to autism and other neurological disorders. The treatment targets the mTORC2 complex and has shown promising results in reversing behavioral abnormalities and reducing seizures in mice.
A new study reveals that climate warming has shifted the onset location of strong El Niño events from the eastern Pacific to the western Pacific, causing more frequent extreme events. This shift is linked to increased sea surface temperatures in the western Pacific warm pool and easterly winds in the central Pacific.
Dr. Judith Hellman has been awarded the American Society of Anesthesiologists' Excellence in Research Award for her groundbreaking research on sepsis and inflammatory critical illness. Her discoveries have led to improved understanding of inflammation, immune function, and potential treatments for sepsis.
A comprehensive review of studies found a positive association between high dairy consumption and increased prostate cancer risk. In contrast, plant-based diets were associated with decreased risks of prostate cancer.
A team of researchers at KAUST has developed a mathematical bridge between high-level symbolic representations and statistical data, enabling artificial intelligence algorithms to make use of vast stores of symbolic knowledge. This breakthrough could lead to significant improvements in machine learning and biomedical applications.
Researchers found that coarser radar data provide comparable and sometimes superior results to high-resolution laser scanning data in monitoring forest biodiversity. Better, standardized ground-based biodiversity data are needed nationwide for more effective monitoring.
Researchers evaluated six options, including afforestation, wetland restoration, and soil carbon sequestration, finding they contribute positively to ecosystem services and SDGs. However, some options require risk management to avoid negative impacts on food production and clean water.