A US study found that infant deaths from accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed more than tripled between 1999 and 2016. The racial disparity in these deaths widened significantly, with non-Hispanic black infants facing higher mortality rates.
A new study published in Papillomavirus Research found that one dose of HPV vaccine lowers the chance of having a pre-cancerous lesion detected at cervical screening in women vaccinated at a young age. The data supports the possibility that one dose may be sufficient for protection, simplifying vaccination and potentially benefiting co...
Scientists from Skoltech developed a novel method to fine-tune the optoelectrical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes by applying an aerosolized dopant solution. The new approach enables uniform, controllable and easily reproducible aerosol doping, breaking new ground for flexible and transparent electronics.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories are exploring the use of dragonfly-inspired computing to develop faster and lighter missile defense systems. By mimicking the brain's ability to process visual information, they aim to improve intercept techniques for maneuvering targets such as hypersonic weapons.
Researchers at Rutgers University have developed a technique to assemble proteins into fractal shapes that resemble flowers, trees, or snowflakes. This innovation could lead to new technologies such as bioremediation filters and synthetic matrices for studying human disease and tissue engineering.
Researchers found that severely malnourished children have lower exposure to the antimalarial drug lumefantrine, resulting in increased risk of therapeutic failure and new malaria infections. Malnutrition affects absorption, distribution, metabolism, or elimination of drugs in these children.
A study published in the Journal of Endocrinology found that high levels of caffeine during pregnancy can lead to lower birth weights, altered growth hormone levels, and impaired liver development. The study suggests that excessive prenatal caffeine consumption may increase the risk of fatty liver disease in adulthood.
A new study has filled gaps in knowledge on weight loss experiences for minority groups with type 2 diabetes. Researchers found that tailoring interventions to individual needs, including behavioral strategies and meal replacement use, can improve health outcomes among African Americans and Hispanics with the condition.
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed a novel genomics-based method to detect the simultaneous presence of hundreds of organisms in a stream. The study used water sampling for environmental DNA, capturing biodiversity and ecosystem health data from hundreds of organisms in a single sample.
A new study found that cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can be successful for youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), regardless of whether they have hoarding symptoms. The presence of hoarding symptoms did not negatively impact treatment response to CBT in children and adolescents.
Scientists from SMU, UT Austin and Stanford University found that the majority of faults underlying the Fort Worth Basin are sensitive to forces that could cause them to slip. The new study provides fundamental information regarding earthquake hazard to the Dallas-Fort Worth region.
Researchers at UC San Francisco identified functionally distinct composite clusters of genes corresponding to synaptic transmission, metabolism, cell cycle, and immune response. These changes occurred extensively in AD patients and may help streamline clinical trials recruitment efforts.
Researchers demonstrate that even anonymized datasets can be traced back to individuals using machine learning. The study shows that allowing data to be used for AI training while preserving people's privacy requires more than de-identification techniques.
Researchers found that fat cells allow melanoma cells to penetrate the dermis and spread to vital organs. They discovered a way to block this transformation using therapies targeting cytokines and TGF beta.
Advanced MRI scans revealed differences in brain structure and function among US government personnel exposed to unusual sounds, pressure, or vibrations. The study found variations in white matter volume, gray matter regions, and functional connectivity in specific brain networks.
Scientists discover new subfamily of bioluminescent click beetles in Asia, with unique characteristics and multiple origins of bioluminescence. The discovery sheds new light on the evolution and geographic distribution of these insects.
Researchers have discovered a brain protein mutation associated with autism that alters behavior in mice, mimicking human autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The study suggests a potential mechanism underlying some of the altered behaviors observed in ASD.
A new study found that slower walking speeds are associated with a higher risk of developing mobility disabilities. Researchers measured participants' walking abilities and followed up with them over eight years to track the development of mobility issues. The findings suggest that simple walking speed assessments in healthcare provide...
Mount Sinai researchers have developed a novel vaccine consisting of DNA and recombinant proteins, which was tested in monkeys and induced antibodies similar to those associated with protection from HIV. The vaccine targets the V1V2 loop of the gp120 envelope protein and showed strong protective effects against HIV infection.
New studies published in Birth Defects Research suggest prenatal marijuana exposure may cause FASD-like impairments, including physical and behavioral changes. The research also reveals timing- and dose-dependent effects of alcohol exposure, as well as increased risk of serious suicide attempts among adolescents with FASD.
Researchers have created a new concept for self-assembling micromachines using dielectrophoresis, which enables components to find each other in an electric field. This technique has the potential to construct medical microrobots and laboratory devices on microchips.
Researchers found clinically relevant disease in 14% of patients with major depressive disorder, insomnia and suicidal thoughts. Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea may improve symptoms of depression, suggesting comprehensive screening for the sleep problem should be included for treatment-resistant depression.
Research from Indiana University Kelley School of Business suggests that marketers can use local identity to shape consumers' price perceptions and behavior. Local products are often preferred over national brands due to perceived quality, while global brands may be favored in low-price categories.
A solar steam generation system has been developed to produce clean water from salty ocean water with almost 100 per cent salt removal, providing a solution to water shortages in regional areas. The technology uses photothermal materials and the power of the sun, achieving efficient and continuous clean water production.
Researchers analyzed physical activity features to identify patterns associated with different personality traits, including extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism. The study found that consistent movements on weekday evenings were linked to introverted tendencies, while extroverts displayed more rand...
A new paper outlines concrete guidelines for restoring coral populations by maximizing genetic diversity, allowing them to adapt to local conditions and thrive. The guidelines, developed by a consortium of experts, provide a definitive plan for collecting, raising, and replanting corals in locations similar to their original environment.
A recent study published in Nature Communications found that animals' responses to climate change are insufficient to cope with rising temperatures. The analysis of over 10,000 studies suggests that even common and abundant species struggle to adjust their traits in time.
A new study identifies an enzyme critical for normal wound healing in diabetes, suggesting a potential treatment with allopurinol. In diabetic mice, blocking uric acid production improved healing rates.
A large-scale analysis found that women and those aged less than 45 years were more likely to be under-treated compared to men and older people with CHD. Women were also less likely to be prescribed the recommended medications for daily use.
Researchers will investigate loss of DNA repair mechanisms and secondary mutations leading to cancer. The goal is to develop improved cancer treatment regimens and predict drug efficacy.
A vaginal ring that releases an antiviral drug has been shown to reduce the risk of HIV by 39% in a study of over 1,400 women in southern and eastern Africa. The study found that participants used the ring more consistently than in previous trials, with higher adherence rates.
Researchers at the University of Vienna successfully implemented a counterfactual communication protocol, where information travels from Bob to Alice while photons travel in the opposite direction. This innovation resolves two major drawbacks of previous implementations and contradicts a crucial premise of communication theory.
Twelve scientists have been recognized by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology for their significant contributions to biochemistry, molecular biology, and education. The award winners include Paul Black, Manajit Hayer-Hartl, Jean Schaffer, Edward Dennis, Yang Zhang, David Pagliarini, Kevin Campbell, among others.
A team of Kiel University chemists built the first artificial molecular assembler, which uses light as the energy source. The system combines selective binding, accurate positioning, and active release of the product, solving the 'sticky fingers' problem.
A new study comparing three types of stents used to treat cerebral aneurysms shows that the type of stent affects a patient's health outcomes. The LVIS stent was associated with superior rates of angiographic occlusion in treating cerebral aneurysms, according to researchers.
Researchers found that high-risk patients who have prescriptions for PCSK9 inhibitors rejected by insurance or not filled by patients are more likely to experience cardiovascular events. The study also identified disparities in prescription rejection rates among different demographics, including women and minorities.
A mathematical model confirms that renewable energy accelerates economic growth in Myanmar, while non-renewable energy has a minimal impact. The study suggests increasing green energy use can lead to economic growth of up to 0.3 units per unit increase.
The University of Alabama at Birmingham will organize and implement an international, multi-site study to learn more about AFM incidence and progression. The study aims to better understand how the disease develops in children and identify potential risk factors.
Tiny devices based on microfluidics can analyze bodily fluids to detect early signs of cancer, enabling widespread screening. They also help develop personalized treatments by predicting patient responses to drug candidates.
A recent study found that over 34% of recent LSD initiates first used the drug in the summer, while 30% of marijuana, ecstasy, and cocaine use began during this time. The researchers suggest that having extra recreational time during the summer and the growing popularity of outdoor activities may contribute to these findings.
A comprehensive map of over 250 faults has identified the Fort Worth Basin as highly susceptible to seismic activity, with many small faults potentially capable of triggering earthquakes. The study recommends increased regulation and monitoring of wastewater injection to minimize the risk of induced seismicity.
A new NIH-funded study suggests that standard treatment of blood sugar levels after acute ischemic stroke is more effective than aggressive methods in improving patient outcomes. The study found that intensive glucose management increased the risk of hypoglycemia and required higher levels of care.
A new study from Massachusetts General Hospital's Tobacco Research and Treatment Center shows that daily e-cigarette use helps US smokers quit regular cigarettes. Smokers who used e-cigarettes every day were more likely to quit combustible cigarettes within one year and stay quit for at least another year.
A new study reveals that American robins have a preference for using one eye over the other when looking at decoy eggs, with those who exhibit this bias being more successful at ejecting foreign eggs. This specialized ability is thought to be an adaptation to avoid brood parasites.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine used mice to study decision-based memories, finding that they are stored in the prefrontal cortex. The study revealed that neurons in this region fire at a higher rate when making decisions, and that this rate slows down over time. This knowledge can help develop models of decision-making and poten...
The WVU research team aims to develop problem-solving skills that complement traditional math and science skills, such as management, economics, communication, and public policy. The project includes co-investigators from various colleges and focuses on transportation and autonomous vehicles.
A study found that current fine particulate matter pollution in the US is associated with an estimated 15,612 female deaths and 14,757 male deaths, resulting in a loss of national life expectancy by 0.15 years for women and 0.13 years for men. Lowering PM2.5 pollution could benefit the entire US population and reduce health inequalities.
A novel microfluidics-based system detects clinically significant IL-6 levels for sepsis diagnosis in about 25 minutes using less than a finger prick of blood. This device provides a more sensitive and efficient alternative to traditional assays.
A recent study found that nearly 9% of healthy women carried multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli strains in their guts, which can transfer to the female urinary tract and cause disease. The study also showed that these strains persist in the gut for a long time and can be detected in the urine without symptoms.
Researchers discovered that folic acid supplementation can mitigate the risk of dolutegravir triggering neural tube defects in an animal model. Folate receptor interactions with folate and dolutegravir also disrupt normal neural tube development.
A new study found that compensatory strategies used by people with autism have both positive and negative outcomes, increasing social integration but potentially resulting in poor mental health. The study highlights the need for increased awareness among clinicians and support for those who need it.
Researchers at PSU and UTMB will investigate the structure of Sulfolobus spindle-shaped virus 1, which thrives in high-temperature acidic environments, to better understand protein interactions and viral evolution. The study may also reveal connections to HIV and potential anti-HIV drug development.
New research from Washington University in St. Louis identifies a critical regulator of lateral root production, showing how auxin and cytokinin hormones interact to control root growth. The study reveals that the transporter TOB1 can limit auxin's root-promoting capabilities, promoting a slow but steady approach to root development.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports found that humans can empathize with robots by experiencing life from their perspective. By simulating the experience of being a robot, participants showed a friendlier attitude towards them and perceived them as socially closer.
Repetitive knee stress and inadequate rest are key factors behind the rapid rise in ACL injuries, which can lead to chronic health conditions like osteoarthritis. The study provides new evidence that submaximal forces can cause damage to the ACL, contradicting the common view of single force events.
A study led by Dr Chancey MacDonald found that fussy fish can survive and even thrive in deeper waters due to their ability to adapt their diets. The Triangle Butterflyfish, a dietary specialist, fed more selectively on preferred corals, while the Eight-Band Butterflyfish, a generalist, became more flexible in their diet with depth.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed a new class of probes, laser particles, to tag and track cells in complex biological samples. These biocompatible laser particles emit light that can produce many distinguishable colors, allowing for more precise tracking and study of individual cell movement.
A global report found that one in three cancer patients struggle to access psychological support, with 34% saying it was not available despite needing it. The survey also identified key areas for improvement, including swift diagnosis, information-sharing, and integrated multidisciplinary care.
The USPSTF has reaffirmed its 2009 recommendation to screen for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in pregnant women, identifying infants at risk of acquiring the infection from their mothers. Screening during pregnancy can prevent chronic HBV infection in children who become infected with HBV.
A study of 427 young African women found that 95% initiated PrEP but use fell after three months, with only 9% maintaining high adherence. Tailored support strategies are needed to maintain PrEP use and optimize protection against HIV acquisition.